ATBC_2022_Plenary.bib

@article{schroderResearchTrendsTropical2021,
	title = {Research trends: {Tropical} dry forests: {The} neglected research agenda?},
	volume = {122},
	issn = {13899341},
	shorttitle = {Research trends},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1389934120306596},
	doi = {10.1016/j.forpol.2020.102333},
	abstract = {Tropical dry forests covers 0.5 to 1.1 billion hectares which is about half of the tropical moist forest area. The forests fulfil many important ecological and economic functions and deliver manifold commodities for subsis­ tence as well as for international demands. Despite their importance tropical dry forests seem to attain by far lesser attention than humid forests by the international research community. In an „ISI web of knowledge“ and “google scholar”-based comparison of reviewed scientific articles on tropical dry versus tropical humid forests we found that the number of publications with focus on the dry biome is 3.6 times lower. The research topics differ partly. The topics “carbon” and “climate change” were for both biomes among the most prominent research subjects. “Disturbance” was a prioritized research topic for tropical dry forests, whereas “biodiversity” and “conservation” were highly relevant for tropical humid forests. This seems to be justified for several reasons. Nevertheless it appears to be urgent to call for a stronger international comprehensive strategic and applied research agenda for tropical dry forests to encounter the manifold forest-related problems in this disadvantaged environment.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Forest Policy and Economics},
	author = {Schröder, Jobst Michael and Ávila Rodríguez, Lina Paola and Günter, Sven},
	month = jan,
	year = {2021},
	pages = {102333},
	file = {Schröder et al. - 2021 - Research trends Tropical dry forests The neglect.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/4LAAJCNE/Schröder et al. - 2021 - Research trends Tropical dry forests The neglect.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{salzanoEvolutionScienceLatinAmerican2018,
	title = {The {Evolution} of {Science} in a {Latin}-{American} {Country}: {Genetics} and {Genomics} in {Brazil}},
	volume = {208},
	issn = {1943-2631},
	shorttitle = {The {Evolution} of {Science} in a {Latin}-{American} {Country}},
	url = {https://academic.oup.com/genetics/article/208/3/823/6066467},
	doi = {10.1534/genetics.118.300690},
	abstract = {This article begins with a brief overview of the history of Brazil and that of Brazilian science, from the European discovery of the country in 1500 up to the early 21st century. The history of the fields of genetics and genomics, from the 1930s, is then first examined from the focal point of the lives and publications of the three persons who are generally considered to be the founders of genetics in Brazil (C. A. Krug, F. G. Brieger, and A. Dreyfus), and then by 12 other researchers up to 1999. The area of molecular genetics and genomics from 2000 to present is then described. Despite the problems of underdevelopment and the periodical political and economic crises that have affected life in Brazil, the fields of genetics and genomics in Brazil can be regarded as having developed at an appropriate pace, and have contributed in several major ways to world science.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Genetics},
	author = {Salzano, Francisco M},
	month = mar,
	year = {2018},
	pages = {823--832},
	file = {Salzano - 2018 - The Evolution of Science in a Latin-American Count.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/BZMU7CBL/Salzano - 2018 - The Evolution of Science in a Latin-American Count.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@book{ResearchPrioritiesTropical1980,
	address = {Washington, D.C.},
	title = {Research {Priorities} in {Tropical} {Biology}},
	isbn = {978-0-309-03043-4},
	url = {https://www.nap.edu/catalog/19773},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	publisher = {National Academies Press},
	month = jan,
	year = {1980},
	doi = {10.17226/19773},
	note = {Pages: 19773},
	file = {1980 - Research Priorities in Tropical Biology.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/586WPGH9/1980 - Research Priorities in Tropical Biology.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{blythswoodRadioactiveGasMineral1904,
	title = {Radio-active {Gas} in {Mineral} {Springs}},
	volume = {69},
	issn = {0028-0836, 1476-4687},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/069247a0},
	doi = {10.1038/069247a0},
	language = {en},
	number = {1785},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Nature},
	author = {{Blythswood} and Allen, H. S.},
	month = jan,
	year = {1904},
	pages = {247--247},
	file = {Blythswood and Allen - 1904 - Radio-active Gas in Mineral Springs.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/8LIV6NYS/Blythswood and Allen - 1904 - Radio-active Gas in Mineral Springs.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{gregoryTropicalColonisationFuture1924,
	title = {Tropical {Colonisation} and the {Future} of {Australia}},
	volume = {114},
	issn = {0028-0836, 1476-4687},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/114314a0},
	doi = {10.1038/114314a0},
	language = {en},
	number = {2861},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Nature},
	author = {Gregory, J. W.},
	month = aug,
	year = {1924},
	pages = {314--317},
	file = {Gregory - 1924 - Tropical Colonisation and the Future of Australia.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/WLWG64BJ/Gregory - 1924 - Tropical Colonisation and the Future of Australia.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{yongePalaoTropicalBiological1940,
	title = {The {Palao} {Tropical} {Biological} {Station}},
	volume = {145},
	issn = {0028-0836, 1476-4687},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/145016a0},
	doi = {10.1038/145016a0},
	language = {en},
	number = {3662},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Nature},
	author = {Yonge, C. M.},
	month = jan,
	year = {1940},
	pages = {16--17},
	file = {Yonge - 1940 - The Palao Tropical Biological Station.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/K4GGJUES/Yonge - 1940 - The Palao Tropical Biological Station.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{callanWaspPreyingHouseFlies1945,
	title = {A {Wasp} {Preying} on {House}-{Flies} and {Stable}-{Flies}},
	volume = {155},
	issn = {0028-0836, 1476-4687},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/155146a0},
	doi = {10.1038/155146a0},
	language = {en},
	number = {3927},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Nature},
	author = {Callan, E. Mcc.},
	month = feb,
	year = {1945},
	pages = {146--146},
	file = {Callan - 1945 - A Wasp Preying on House-Flies and Stable-Flies.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/GCEDRAW6/Callan - 1945 - A Wasp Preying on House-Flies and Stable-Flies.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{stebbingSylviculturalTreatmentTropical1950,
	title = {Sylvicultural {Treatment} of {Tropical} {Mixed} {Deciduous} {Forest}},
	volume = {165},
	issn = {0028-0836, 1476-4687},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/165023a0},
	doi = {10.1038/165023a0},
	language = {en},
	number = {4184},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Nature},
	author = {Stebbing, E. P.},
	month = jan,
	year = {1950},
	pages = {23--24},
	file = {Stebbing - 1950 - Sylvicultural Treatment of Tropical Mixed Deciduou.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/AX3GS2ID/Stebbing - 1950 - Sylvicultural Treatment of Tropical Mixed Deciduou.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{chapinEcologicalAspectsBird1923,
	title = {Ecological {Aspects} of {Bird} {Distribution} in {Tropical} {Africa}},
	volume = {57},
	issn = {0003-0147, 1537-5323},
	url = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/279909},
	doi = {10.1086/279909},
	language = {en},
	number = {649},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {The American Naturalist},
	author = {Chapin, James P.},
	month = mar,
	year = {1923},
	pages = {106--125},
	file = {Chapin - 1923 - Ecological Aspects of Bird Distribution in Tropica.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/AACB3EYC/Chapin - 1923 - Ecological Aspects of Bird Distribution in Tropica.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ripleyPerspectivesTropicalBiology1967,
	title = {Perspectives in tropical biology},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {00063568, 15253244},
	url = {https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article-lookup/doi/10.2307/1294011},
	doi = {10.2307/1294011},
	language = {en},
	number = {8},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {BioScience},
	author = {Ripley, S. Dillon},
	month = aug,
	year = {1967},
	pages = {538--540},
	file = {Ripley - 1967 - Perspectives in Tropical Biology.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/5ZKZGL8V/Ripley - 1967 - Perspectives in Tropical Biology.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{sohmerNSFSupportBasic1980,
	title = {{NSF} support of basic research in tropical biology},
	volume = {30},
	issn = {00063568, 15253244},
	url = {https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article-lookup/doi/10.2307/1308006},
	doi = {10.2307/1308006},
	language = {en},
	number = {6},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {BioScience},
	author = {Sohmer, S. H.},
	month = jun,
	year = {1980},
	pages = {412--415},
	file = {Sohmer - 1980 - NSF Support of Basic Research in Tropical Biology.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/4G6T5HJI/Sohmer - 1980 - NSF Support of Basic Research in Tropical Biology.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{chazdonReservesResearchAgenda2009,
	title = {Beyond {Reserves}: {A} {Research} {Agenda} for {Conserving} {Biodiversity} in {Human}-modified {Tropical} {Landscapes}},
	volume = {41},
	issn = {00063606, 17447429},
	shorttitle = {Beyond {Reserves}},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2008.00471.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1744-7429.2008.00471.x},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	author = {Chazdon, Robin L. and Harvey, Celia A. and Komar, Oliver and Griffith, Daniel M. and Ferguson, Bruce G. and Martínez-Ramos, Miguel and Morales, Helda and Nigh, Ronald and Soto-Pinto, Lorena and van Breugel, Michiel and Philpott, Stacy M.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2009},
	pages = {142--153},
	file = {Chazdon et al. - 2009 - Beyond Reserves A Research Agenda for Conserving .pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/78JLL6V9/Chazdon et al. - 2009 - Beyond Reserves A Research Agenda for Conserving .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{clarkeIdentifyingAreasNeed2017,
	title = {Identifying {Areas} of {Need} in {Tropical} {Research}: {A} {Reply} to {Stroud} and {Feeley}},
	volume = {32},
	issn = {0169-5347},
	shorttitle = {Identifying {Areas} of {Need} in {Tropical} {Research}},
	url = {https://www.cell.com/trends/ecology-evolution/abstract/S0169-5347(17)30155-6},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tree.2017.06.007},
	language = {English},
	number = {9},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Trends in Ecology \& Evolution},
	author = {Clarke, David A. and York, Paul H. and Rasheed, Michael A. and Northfield, Tobin D.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2017},
	pmid = {28711196},
	note = {Publisher: Elsevier},
	pages = {628},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/X9IKJD8M/Clarke et al. - 2017 - Identifying Areas of Need in Tropical Research A .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/5NEQHFG7/S0169-5347(17)30155-6.html:text/html},
}

@article{janzenFutureTropicalEcology1986,
	title = {The future of tropical ecology},
	volume = {17},
	language = {en},
	journal = {Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics},
	author = {Janzen, D H},
	year = {1986},
	pages = {305--324},
	file = {Janzen - THE FUTURE OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/8NS4SZET/Janzen - THE FUTURE OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{bawaParadiseMeetingChallenges2004,
	title = {Beyond paradise: meeting the challenges in tropical biology in the 21st century},
	volume = {36},
	issn = {0006-3606, 1744-7429},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2004.tb00341.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1744-7429.2004.tb00341.x},
	abstract = {Tropical ecosystemssupport a diversity of species and ecologicalprocesses that are unparalleled anywhere else on Earth. Despite their tremendous social and scientific importance, tropical ecosystemsare rapidly disappearing. To help tropical ecosystems and the human communities dependent upon them better face the challenges of the 21st century, tropical biologists must provide critical knowledge in three areas: (1) the structure and functioning of tropical ecosystems; (2) the nature and magnitude of anthropogenic effects on tropical ecosystems; and (3) the socio-economic drivers of these anthropogenic effects. To develop effective strategies for conservation, restoration, and sustainable management of tropical ecosystems, scientific perspectives must be integrated with social necessities. Three principles for guiding tropical biological research are suggested: (1) broadening the set of concerns; (2) integration of biological knowledge with the social sciences and traditional knowledge; and (3) linking science to policy and action. Four broad recommendations are proposed for immediate action in tropical biology and conservation that are fundamental to all biological and social disciplines in the tropics: (1) assemble and disseminate information on life's diversity in the tropics; (2) enhance tropical field stations and build a worldwide network to link them with tropical field biologists at their field sites; (3)bring the field of tropical biology to the tropics by strengthening institutions in tropical countries through novel partnerships between tropical and temperate zone institutions and scientists; and (4) create concrete mechanisms to increase interactions between tropical biologists, social scientists, and policy makers.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	author = {Bawa, Kamaljit S. and Kress, W. John and Nadkarni, Nalini M. and Lele, Sharachchandra},
	month = dec,
	year = {2004},
	pages = {437--446},
	file = {Bawa et al. - 2004 - Beyond Paradise-Meeting the Challenges in Tropical.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/PHI86QB9/Bawa et al. - 2004 - Beyond Paradise-Meeting the Challenges in Tropical.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{cayuelaStateEuropeanResearch2018,
	title = {The state of {European} research in tropical biology},
	volume = {50},
	issn = {00063606},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/btp.12514},
	doi = {10.1111/btp.12514},
	abstract = {Research institutions from the Global North have made significant contributions to the knowledge of tropical ecosystems, but contributions have varied greatly between countries. We show that European nations that share a language, cultural affinity, and/or retain social and political ties with tropical countries (e.g., those with an overseas history) make larger contributions to tropical biological research than countries without these ties. However, exceptions to this pattern demonstrate how science policy agendas can skew the capacity of countries to conduct biological research in the tropics. We conclude that some countries could make a far more important contribution to tropical biological knowledge, but for this to materialize, greater commitment by a country’s scientific community is needed, along with better financial and intellectual support from its public administrations.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	author = {Cayuela, Luis and Granzow-de la Cerda, Íñigo and Méndez, Marcos},
	month = mar,
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {scientific productivity, financial support, publication leadership, research policy},
	pages = {202--207},
	file = {Cayuela et al. - 2018 - The state of European research in tropical biology.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/GTKAD6II/Cayuela et al. - 2018 - The state of European research in tropical biology.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/56G8METR/Cayuela et al. - 2018 - The state of European research in tropical biology.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/XQUU42VK/btp.html:text/html},
}

@article{reidEducationTrainingTropical,
	title = {Education and {Training} {For} {Tropical} {Ecosystem} {Conservation}},
	language = {en},
	author = {Reid, John and Bonine, Kim and Dalzen, Robyn and Randrianarisoa, Bernard and Rivas, Cecilia and Hasenclever, Leonardo},
	pages = {269},
	file = {Reid et al. - Education and Training For Tropical Ecosystem Cons.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/GXFZ5SY7/Reid et al. - Education and Training For Tropical Ecosystem Cons.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{burlingameEvolutionOrganizationTropical,
	title = {Evolution of the {Organization} for {Tropical} {Studies}},
	abstract = {The Organization for Tropical Studies (OTS)/Organización para Estudios Tropicales (OET) has evolved in many ways since its founding in 1963 as a non-profit consortium offering graduate courses and facilitating research in tropical ecology in Costa Rica. By 2002, its international membership included about 65 institutions, including four from Costa Rica. It had developed three Costa Rican field stations (La Selva, Las Cruces, and Palo Verde) with excellent facilities for teaching and research, and it was constructing a new Costa Rican office at the University of Costa Rica. Combinations of internal and external pressures influenced OTS to develop in new directions in the 1980s and 1990s. It became more diversified and more concerned with applied science in its traditional areas of graduate education and research facilitation. The Organization also evolved into new niches: more applied biology, professional education, environmental education and policy, conservation efforts, and an expanded geographic distribution to other Latin American countries. OTS was composed of changing combinations of people (Boards, members, staff) with evolving and competing priorities for limited financial resources. External environmental changes also shaped OTS’s evolution. New problems of increased tropical deforestation, the emergence of the biodiversity “crisis” and conservation biology, global climate change, and calls for sustainable development affected OTS constituents and funding priorities of governments and foundations. Both internal and external pressures have in some cases demanded for OTS to improve its relationship with: Costa Rican biologists and their institutions, the Costa Rican government, and Costa Ricans living around the three OTS field stations.},
	language = {en},
	journal = {REVISTA DE BIOLOGÍA TROPICAL},
	author = {Burlingame, Leslie J},
	pages = {34},
	file = {Burlingame - Evolution of the Organization for Tropical Studies.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/FSQR7RQ3/Burlingame - Evolution of the Organization for Tropical Studies.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{pirescamposLinesScientificExpeditions2016,
	title = {Between {The} {Lines}: {Scientific} {Expeditions} in {Colonial} and {Imperial} {Brazil}, and {Science} {History} – {The} {Expeditions} {Undertaken} {To} {Espírito} {Santo}},
	volume = {21},
	issn = {22790845, 22790837},
	shorttitle = {Between {The} {Lines}},
	url = {http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jhss/papers/Vol.%2021%20Issue1/Version-2/N021127582.pdf},
	doi = {10.9790/0837-21127582},
	abstract = {An aspect little studied by the historiography regards to the role that the scientific expeditions played to the Science History. These expeditions gave a glance of the Brazilian way of living and specially of the captaincy of Espírito Santo to Europe and helped to build the Brazilian social representations by Europeans, while they set up a notion about the imaginary and how people worked to tame the land and turn it as their needs. Upcoming the science at a contextualized point of view, the purpose of this paper is to present a panel of scientific expeditions undertaken to the Espírito Santo Capitaincy from the sixteenth century to the late nineteenth century, by imperial times, and, in this approach, to highlight the ideological reasons of the mechanisms that led to the occurrence of such expeditions. After the analyses of the travel reports and narratives produced, we realized that the Brazilian Science History was based on the European point of view which influenced the constitution of its cultural diversity. Maybe many of the prejudice against Brazil that has still existed until today originated from these expeditions.},
	language = {en},
	number = {01},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science},
	author = {Pires Campos, Carlos Roberto},
	month = jan,
	year = {2016},
	pages = {75--82},
	file = {Pires Campos - 2016 - Between The Lines Scientific Expeditions in Colon.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/DQ9WEFMA/Pires Campos - 2016 - Between The Lines Scientific Expeditions in Colon.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{buissonResearchAgendaRestoration2021,
	title = {A research agenda for the restoration of tropical and subtropical grasslands and savannas},
	volume = {29},
	issn = {1061-2971, 1526-100X},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/rec.13292},
	doi = {10.1111/rec.13292},
	abstract = {Despite growing recognition of the conservation value of grassy biomes, our understanding of how to restore biodiverse tropical and subtropical grassy biomes (grasslands and savannas; TGB) remains limited. Several tools have recently been identified for TGB restoration, including prescribed fires, appropriate management of livestock and wild herbivores, tree cutting and shrub removal, invasive species control, and the reintroduction of native grasses and forbs via seeding or transplants. However, additional research for improved TGB restoration is needed. This article aims to identify ecological research priorities for TGB restoration. The following points are crucial to scale up TGB restoration and meet the challenges of the UN Restoration Decade. Research should focus on: disentangling the reasons why TGB are often undervalued and misunderstood; mapping TGB restoration opportunities; identifying regions where TGB and other biomes naturally exist as alternative stable states; recognizing areas with natural regeneration potential to avoid unnecessary intervention; restoring soil conditions; disentangling factors driving low seed quality, determining germination requirements and developing vegetative propagation techniques for TGB species; disentangling the limiting factors and key ecological processes underlying seedling establishment and community assembly; improving and validating long-term management to mimic natural disturbance regimes; setting the minimum attributes of desirable TGB in terms of structure, composition, functioning, and resilience; and improving monitoring of restoration outcomes. Such research has the potential to advance theory, policy, and practice in TGB restoration, ultimately resulting in long-term benefits for people and nature in some of the more neglected ecosystems of our planet.},
	language = {en},
	number = {S1},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Restoration Ecology},
	author = {Buisson, Elise and Fidelis, Alessandra and Overbeck, Gerhard E. and Schmidt, Isabel B. and Durigan, Giselda and Young, Truman P. and Alvarado, Swanni T. and Arruda, André J. and Boisson, Sylvain and Bond, William and Coutinho, André and Kirkman, Kevin and Oliveira, Rafael S. and Schmitt, Melissa H. and Siebert, Frances and Siebert, Stefan J. and Thompson, Dave I. and Silveira, Fernando A. O.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2021},
	file = {Buisson et al. - 2021 - A research agenda for the restoration of tropical .pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/JJL327EA/Buisson et al. - 2021 - A research agenda for the restoration of tropical .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{marcolinScienceColonialBrazil,
	title = {Science in colonial {Brazil}},
	language = {en},
	author = {Marcolin, Neldson},
	pages = {2},
	file = {Marcolin - Science in colonial Brazil.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/KQ49LUJK/Marcolin - Science in colonial Brazil.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{macbrideProposedBiologicalLaboratory1903,
	title = {The {Proposed} {Biological} {Laboratory} at the {Tortugas}},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},
	url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.17.440.909.b},
	doi = {10.1126/science.17.440.909.b},
	language = {en},
	number = {440},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Science},
	author = {MacBride, E. W.},
	month = jun,
	year = {1903},
	pages = {909--910},
	file = {MacBride - 1903 - The Proposed Biological Laboratory at the Tortugas.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/DNPNK7WZ/MacBride - 1903 - The Proposed Biological Laboratory at the Tortugas.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{johnsonAdvantagesGovernmentCinchona1903,
	title = {The {Advantages} of the {Government} {Cinchona} {Plantation} in {Jamaica} as a {Tropical} {Botanical} {Station}},
	volume = {18},
	issn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},
	url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.18.450.210.b},
	doi = {10.1126/science.18.450.210.b},
	language = {en},
	number = {450},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Science},
	author = {Johnson, Duncan S.},
	month = aug,
	year = {1903},
	pages = {210--211},
	file = {Johnson - 1903 - The Advantages of the Government Cinchona Plantati.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/UZPR9VRV/Johnson - 1903 - The Advantages of the Government Cinchona Plantati.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{johnsonCinchonaTropicalStation1916,
	title = {Cinchona as a {Tropical} {Station} for {American} {Botanists}},
	volume = {43},
	issn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},
	url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.43.1122.917},
	doi = {10.1126/science.43.1122.917},
	language = {en},
	number = {1122},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Science},
	author = {Johnson, Duncan S. and Campbell, Douglas Houghton and Evans, A. W. and Farr, C. H. and Shreve, Forrest},
	month = jun,
	year = {1916},
	pages = {917--919},
	file = {Johnson et al. - 1916 - Cinchona as a Tropical Station for American Botani.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/ZNNQSB9L/Johnson et al. - 1916 - Cinchona as a Tropical Station for American Botani.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{earleInstitutionTropicalResearch1920,
	title = {An institution for tropical research},
	volume = {52},
	issn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},
	url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.52.1346.363},
	doi = {10.1126/science.52.1346.363},
	language = {en},
	number = {1346},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Science},
	author = {Earle, F. S.},
	month = oct,
	year = {1920},
	pages = {363--365},
	file = {Earle - 1920 - An Institution for Tropical Research.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/4DZ4SVXB/Earle - 1920 - An Institution for Tropical Research.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{fairchildGardenPropagationTropical1923,
	title = {Garden for the {Propagation} of {Tropical} and {Subtropical} {Plants}},
	volume = {57},
	issn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},
	url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.57.1467.166},
	doi = {10.1126/science.57.1467.166},
	language = {en},
	number = {1467},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Science},
	author = {Fairchild, David},
	month = feb,
	year = {1923},
	pages = {166--168},
	file = {Fairchild - 1923 - Garden for the Propagation of Tropical and Subtrop.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/3AQN6HQX/Fairchild - 1923 - Garden for the Propagation of Tropical and Subtrop.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{warmkeStudiesNaturalPollination1952,
	title = {Studies on {Natural} {Pollination} of \textit{{Hevea} brasiliensis} in {Brazil}},
	volume = {116},
	issn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},
	url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.116.3018.474},
	doi = {10.1126/science.116.3018.474},
	language = {en},
	number = {3018},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Science},
	author = {Warmke, H. E.},
	month = oct,
	year = {1952},
	pages = {474--475},
	file = {Warmke - 1952 - Studies on Natural Pollination of Hevea brasili.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/BWIH2I3D/Warmke - 1952 - Studies on Natural Pollination of Hevea brasili.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{simonsUncertainFutureTropical2011,
	title = {Uncertain {Future} for {Tropical} {Ecology}},
	volume = {332},
	issn = {0036-8075, 1095-9203},
	url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.332.6027.298},
	doi = {10.1126/science.332.6027.298},
	abstract = {Three premier research outfits are scaling back ambitions—and struggling to maintain local staffs as funds grow scarce.
          , 
            Paraecologists—locals trained to do the nuts and bolts of ecology research—are an example of excellent science on a shoestring. By hiring and training locally, scientists can boost productivity and cut costs, all while supporting conservation. Over the past 2 decades, paraecologists have discovered thousands of species and churned out hundreds of peer-reviewed articles. Although most paraecologists start with little science knowledge, some have gone on to earn advanced degrees and take key positions in national forest management and conservation. But paraecologists may be a vanishing breed; money woes are threatening the concept of local, long-term hiring for field research.
            * Craig Simons is a writer in Beijing.},
	language = {en},
	number = {6027},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Science},
	author = {Simons, Craig},
	month = apr,
	year = {2011},
	pages = {298--299},
	file = {Simons - 2011 - Uncertain Future for Tropical Ecology.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/52HYHHJL/Simons - 2011 - Uncertain Future for Tropical Ecology.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{baldiniTropicalPlantCollections2017,
	title = {Tropical plant collections - {Legacies} from the past? {Essential} tools for the future?},
	volume = {72},
	issn = {0083-7792, 2169-4060},
	shorttitle = {Tropical plant collections - {Legacies} from the past?},
	url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00837792.2017.1396521},
	doi = {10.1080/00837792.2017.1396521},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Webbia},
	author = {Baldini, Riccardo M.},
	month = jul,
	year = {2017},
	pages = {303--304},
	file = {Baldini - 2017 - Tropical plant collections - Legacies from the pas.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/G7GU8XM6/Baldini - 2017 - Tropical plant collections - Legacies from the pas.pdf:application/pdf;Baldini - 2017 - Tropical plant collections - Legacies from the pas.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/PZJBPVKM/Baldini - 2017 - Tropical plant collections - Legacies from the pas.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{wrightFutureTropicalForests2010,
	title = {The future of tropical forests: {Future} tropical forests},
	volume = {1195},
	issn = {00778923},
	shorttitle = {The future of tropical forests},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05455.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05455.x},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences},
	author = {Wright, S. Joseph},
	month = may,
	year = {2010},
	pages = {1--27},
	file = {Wright - 2010 - The future of tropical forests Future tropical fo.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/YU4ZRFNC/Wright - 2010 - The future of tropical forests Future tropical fo.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{stroudNeglectTropicsWidespread2017,
	title = {Neglect of the {Tropics} {Is} {Widespread} in {Ecology} and {Evolution}: {A} {Comment} on {Clarke} et al.},
	volume = {32},
	issn = {01695347},
	shorttitle = {Neglect of the {Tropics} {Is} {Widespread} in {Ecology} and {Evolution}},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169534717301544},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tree.2017.06.006},
	language = {en},
	number = {9},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Trends in Ecology \& Evolution},
	author = {Stroud, James T. and Feeley, Kenneth J.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2017},
	pages = {626--628},
	file = {Stroud and Feeley - 2017 - Neglect of the Tropics Is Widespread in Ecology an.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/4LU4T6CP/Stroud and Feeley - 2017 - Neglect of the Tropics Is Widespread in Ecology an.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{feeleyMostGlobalReviews2017,
	title = {Most ‘global’ reviews of species’ responses to climate change are not truly global},
	volume = {23},
	issn = {1472-4642},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ddi.12517},
	doi = {10.1111/ddi.12517},
	abstract = {It is critical that we understand the effects of climate change on natural systems if we ever hope to predict or mitigate consequent changes in diversity and ecosystem function. In order to identify coherent ‘fingerprints’ of climate change across Earth's terrestrial and marine ecosystems, various reviews have been conducted to synthesize studies of climate change impacts on individual species, assemblages and systems. These reviews help to make information about climate change impacts accessible for researchers as well as for the general public and policymakers. As such, these reviews can be highly influential in setting the direction of policy and research. Unfortunately, due to limited data availability, the majority of reviews of climate change impacts suffer from severe taxonomic and geographic biases. In particular, tropical and marine systems are grossly underrepresented, as are plants and endothermic animals. These biases may preclude a comprehensive understanding of how climate change is affecting Earth's natural systems at a global scale. In order to advance our understanding of climate change impacts on species and ecosystems, we need to first assess the types of data that are and are not available and then correct these biases through directed studies and initiatives.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Diversity and Distributions},
	author = {Feeley, Kenneth J. and Stroud, James T. and Perez, Timothy M.},
	year = {2017},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ddi.12517},
	keywords = {climate change, terrestrial, climate change responses, geographic bias, global review, marine, taxonomic bias},
	pages = {231--234},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/32GT2T6J/Feeley et al. - 2017 - Most ‘global’ reviews of species’ responses to cli.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/3IDH7LN2/ddi.html:text/html},
}

@article{cameronUnevenGlobalDistribution2019,
	title = {Uneven global distribution of food web studies under climate change},
	volume = {10},
	issn = {2150-8925},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ecs2.2645},
	doi = {10.1002/ecs2.2645},
	abstract = {Trophic interactions within food webs affect species distributions, coexistence, and provision of ecosystem services but can be strongly impacted by climatic changes. Understanding these impacts is therefore essential for managing ecosystems and sustaining human well-being. Here, we conducted a global synthesis of terrestrial, marine, and freshwater studies to identify key gaps in our knowledge of climate change impacts on food webs and determine whether the areas currently studied are those most likely to be impacted by climate change. We found research suffers from a strong geographic bias, with only 3.5\% of studies occurring in the tropics. Importantly, the distribution of sites sampled under projected climate changes was biased—areas with decreases or large increases in precipitation and areas with low magnitudes of temperature change were under-represented. Our results suggest that understanding of climate change impacts on food webs could be broadened by considering more than two trophic levels, responses in addition to species abundance and biomass, impacts of a wider suite of climatic variables, and tropical ecosystems. Most importantly, to enable better forecasts of biodiversity responses to climate change, we identify critically under-represented geographic regions and climatic conditions which should be prioritized in future research.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Ecosphere},
	author = {Cameron, Erin K. and Sundqvist, Maja K. and Keith, Sally A. and CaraDonna, Paul J. and Mousing, Erik A. and Nilsson, Karin A. and Metcalfe, Daniel B. and Classen, Aimée T.},
	year = {2019},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecs2.2645},
	keywords = {climate change, warming, food webs, precipitation, global, terrestrial, species interactions, marine, aquatic, data gaps, extreme events, freshwater},
	pages = {e02645},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/7TSVSXJE/Cameron et al. - 2019 - Uneven global distribution of food web studies und.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/NUXNQERG/ecs2.html:text/html},
}

@article{clarkeDoesBiodiversityEcosystem2017,
	title = {Does {Biodiversity}–{Ecosystem} {Function} {Literature} {Neglect} {Tropical} {Ecosystems}?},
	volume = {32},
	issn = {0169-5347},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534717300484},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tree.2017.02.012},
	abstract = {Current evidence suggests that there is a positive relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, but few studies have addressed tropical ecosystems where the highest levels of biodiversity occur. We develop two hypotheses for the implications of generalizing from temperate studies to tropical ecosystems, and discuss the need for more tropical research.},
	language = {en},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Trends in Ecology \& Evolution},
	author = {Clarke, David A. and York, Paul H. and Rasheed, Michael A. and Northfield, Tobin D.},
	month = may,
	year = {2017},
	pages = {320--323},
	file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/F3G2U75U/S0169534717300484.html:text/html},
}

@article{stocksGeographicalInstitutionalDistribution2008,
	title = {The geographical and institutional distribution of ecological research in the tropics},
	volume = {40},
	issn = {1744-7429},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2007.00393.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1744-7429.2007.00393.x},
	abstract = {We reviewed 1333 papers published in Biotropica and the Journal of Tropical Ecology from 1995 to 2004. Only 62 percent of tropical countries were represented in our survey, with 62 percent of the publications based on research conducted in only ten countries. Sixty-two percent of papers had lead authors that were based at institutions outside the country where the research was conducted. Cross-national collaboration was limited, accounting for only 28 percent of papers with multiple authors. To evaluate if our choice of focal journals could have biased our results, we also reviewed 652 papers published in Ecology, Oecologia, Conservation Biology, and Biological Conservation for five randomly selected years from the same time period. While some differences in authorship and the geographic distribution of research existed, the results from these journals generally mirrored patterns observed in the two focal ones—almost 54 percent of publications were based on research conducted in only ten countries, and most studies had lead authors from a developed country. The results of our review suggest that the geographical distribution of research in the tropics is unequal, and that some important regions remain understudied. The results also suggest a need for a greater focus on establishing collaborative relationships with scientists from tropical countries.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	author = {Stocks, Gabriela and Seales, Lisa and Paniagua, Franklin and Maehr, Erin and Bruna, Emilio M.},
	year = {2008},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2007.00393.x},
	keywords = {conservation, capacity building, development, north–south collaboration, scientific productivity, tropical ecology},
	pages = {397--404},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/FIR9EZNH/Stocks et al. - 2008 - The Geographical and Institutional Distribution of.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/E5A52TV6/j.1744-7429.2007.00393.html:text/html},
}

@article{archerEconomicEcologicalImplications2014,
	title = {Economic and ecological implications of geographic bias in pollinator ecology in the light of pollinator declines},
	volume = {123},
	issn = {1600-0706},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00949.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00949.x},
	abstract = {Understanding the causes and consequences of pollinator declines is a priority in ecological research. However, across much of the globe we have a poor understanding of pollinator assemblages, population trends and the ecological and economic importance of particular pollinators, due to a marked geographic bias in research effort. Here, we show that almost half the data cited in thirteen recent meta-analyses, which ask important and diverse questions in pollination ecology, were collected in just five countries: Australia, Brazil, Germany, Spain and the USA. In contrast, the entire continent of Africa contributed only 4\% of the data. We believe that the consequences of this geographic bias are severe. Foremost, pollinator assemblages (and possibly their sensitivity to ecological drivers) can greatly vary among these regions. In addition, many communities that rely on pollinators, bees in particular, for food security and wealth generation are in geographic regions where our understanding of pollination is poor. Collecting accurate information on pollinator populations in data deficient areas will allow us to identify vulnerable populations and species and so better target conservation measures. Moreover, it will help us to determine if our current understanding of pollinator losses, based on data collected in a few locations and on the species that predominate in those regions, is representative of the wide diversity of ecosystems. We propose means of collecting such data given socioeconomic constraints.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Oikos},
	author = {Archer, C. R. and Pirk, C. W. W. and Carvalheiro, L. G. and Nicolson, S. W.},
	year = {2014},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00949.x},
	pages = {401--407},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/4E6KMX4C/Archer et al. - 2014 - Economic and ecological implications of geographic.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/ANLFALSW/j.1600-0706.2013.00949.html:text/html},
}

@article{bakerDecolonizingFieldEcology2019,
	title = {Decolonizing field ecology},
	volume = {51},
	issn = {0006-3606, 1744-7429},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/btp.12663},
	doi = {10.1111/btp.12663},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	author = {Baker, Kate and Eichhorn, Markus P. and Griffiths, Mark},
	month = may,
	year = {2019},
	pages = {288--292},
	file = {Baker et al. - 2019 - Decolonizing field ecology.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/V4PW2HJ3/Baker et al. - 2019 - Decolonizing field ecology.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{malhadoGeographicTemporalTrends2014,
	title = {Geographic and {Temporal} {Trends} in {Amazonian} {Knowledge} {Production}},
	volume = {46},
	issn = {1744-7429},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/btp.12079},
	doi = {10.1111/btp.12079},
	abstract = {The presence of researchers from Western (i.e., developed world) institutions in Amazonia has frequently been contentious due to fears of ‘scientific imperialism’ or suspicions that they may be exerting undue influence over research agendas and knowledge production to the detriment of local researchers. Such negative perceptions are widespread, but not well substantiated. A more nuanced understanding of these issues requires information on who is conducting research in Amazonia and how knowledge production has changed over time. We performed a bibliometric analysis on Thomson Reuters'ISI Web of Science of all research articles about the Amazon published in three time periods: 1986–1989, 1996–1999, and 2006–2009. We found that the number of articles published and the diversity of countries involved in Amazonian research increased dramatically over the three time periods. The representation of several Amazonian countries—especially Brazil—increased, while the proportion of articles without a single author from an Amazonian country also increased. The results indicate that the research capacity of Amazonian countries has increased, but that leadership of high-impact projects may still largely reside with researchers from developed countries.},
	language = {pt},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	author = {Malhado, Ana C. M. and de Azevedo, Rafael S. D. and Todd, Peter A. and Santos, Ana M. C. and Fabré, Nídia N. and Batista, Vandick S. and Aguiar, Leonardo J. G. and Ladle, Richard J.},
	year = {2014},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/btp.12079},
	keywords = {collaboration, Amazonia, scientific productivity, citations},
	pages = {6--13},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/SYTNI22D/Malhado et al. - 2014 - Geographic and Temporal Trends in Amazonian Knowle.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/X3SH6F3W/btp.html:text/html},
}

@article{deikumahBiogeographicalTaxonomicBiases2014,
	title = {Biogeographical and {Taxonomic} {Biases} in {Tropical} {Forest} {Fragmentation} {Research}},
	volume = {28},
	issn = {1523-1739},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/cobi.12348},
	doi = {10.1111/cobi.12348},
	abstract = {Despite several decades of research on the effects of fragmentation and habitat change on biodiversity, there remain strong biases in the geographical regions and taxonomic species studied. The knowledge gaps resulting from these biases are of particular concern if the forests most threatened with modification are also those for which the effects of such change are most poorly understood. To quantify the nature and magnitude of such biases, we conducted a systematic review of the published literature on forest fragmentation in the tropics for the period 1980–2012. Studies included focused on any type of response of single species, communities, or assemblages of any taxonomic group to tropical forest fragmentation and on fragmentation-related changes to forests. Of the 853 studies we found in the SCOPUS database, 64\% were conducted in the Neotropics, 13\% in Asia, 10\% in the Afrotropics, and 5\% in Australasia. Thus, although the Afrotropics is subject to the highest rates of deforestation globally, it was the most disproportionately poorly studied biome. Significant taxonomic biases were identified. Of the taxonomic groups considered, herpetofauna was the least studied in the tropics, particularly in Africa. Research examining patterns of species distribution was by far the most common type (72\%), and work focused on ecological processes (28\%) was rare in all biomes, but particularly in the Afrotropics and for fauna. We suggest research efforts be directed toward less-studied biogeographic regions, particularly where the threat of forest fragmentation continues to be high. Increased research investment in the Afrotropics will be important to build knowledge of threats and inform responses in a region where almost no efforts to restore its fragmented landscapes have yet begun and forest protection is arguably most tenuous. Sesgos Biogeográficos y Taxonómicos en la Investigación de la Fragmentación de Bosques Tropicales},
	language = {es},
	number = {6},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Conservation Biology},
	author = {Deikumah, Justus P. and Mcalpine, Clive A. and Maron, Martine},
	year = {2014},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/cobi.12348},
	keywords = {deforestation, taxonomic bias, Afrotrópicos, Afrotropics, biogeographic bias, biomas de bosque tropical, declinación poblacional de fauna, deforestación, fauna population decline, sesgo biogeográfico, sesgo taxonómico, tropical forest biomes},
	pages = {1522--1531},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/XM7FEDF9/Deikumah et al. - 2014 - Biogeographical and Taxonomic Biases in Tropical F.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/7DE2JRDL/cobi.html:text/html},
}

@article{parreiraRolesGeographicDistance2017,
	title = {The roles of geographic distance and socioeconomic factors on international collaboration among ecologists},
	volume = {113},
	issn = {1588-2861},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2502-z},
	doi = {10.1007/s11192-017-2502-z},
	abstract = {The number of authors from different countries have recently increased in ecology papers, but the international collaboration among ecologists does not occur in an idiosyncratic way. In this paper, we quantified the level of international collaboration in ecology papers and the influence of geographic distance and socioeconomic factors on collaboration between countries. We obtained all papers from Thomson-ISI, classified as subject ecology between years 2000 and 2014 (total of 62,667 papers with international collaboration in 179 countries). The gravity model (binomial negative model) indicated that the level of international collaboration is moderate spatially structured, decreasing as the geographical distance among countries increase. Moreover, the geographic distance and socioeconomic factors explained 10\% of the scientific collaboration among countries (Pseudo R2 = 0.10). Highly collaborative countries were found in similar trade blocs, with similar Human Development Index, similar scientific structure (i.e., number of citation per documents) and tended to be geographically close. Thus, international collaboration will continue increasing, and young ecologists will experience international collaboration, even with distant countries (both geographical and socioeconomic).},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Scientometrics},
	author = {Parreira, Micael Rosa and Machado, Karine Borges and Logares, Ramiro and Diniz-Filho, José Alexandre Felizola and Nabout, João Carlos},
	month = dec,
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Gravity models, HDI, Research collaboration, Trade blocs},
	pages = {1539--1550},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/TUGRRTBK/Parreira et al. - 2017 - The roles of geographic distance and socioeconomic.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{campos-arceizStrikingUnderrepresentationBiodiversityrich2018,
	title = {Striking underrepresentation of biodiversity-rich regions among editors of conservation journals},
	volume = {220},
	issn = {0006-3207},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006320717312788},
	doi = {10.1016/j.biocon.2017.07.028},
	abstract = {Biodiversity conservation is hampered by mismatches between conservation capacity and needs for research, funding, policy, and management. Here we show that a profound geographical mismatch also exists among editors of 20 leading conservation science journals. Collectively, these journals had few or sometimes no editors from many of the most biodiverse countries. This geographic bias likely influences what papers and topics are published and highlighted, and hinders global conservation goals. Compared with other biases, it is relatively easy to address this mismatch through journal policies and practices to recruit editors from under-represented countries, perhaps helping to reduce other mismatches too. Recruiting more editors from biodiversity-rich countries could improve conservation science by (1) adding diversity of expertise and perspectives to editorial boards and (2) creating capacity and empowering conservation leaders in countries where effective conservation is most needed.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Biological Conservation},
	author = {Campos-Arceiz, Ahimsa and Primack, Richard B. and Miller-Rushing, Abraham J. and Maron, Martine},
	month = apr,
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {Editorial boards, Diversity, Conservation capacity, Conservation science, Geographic bias, National biodiversity index},
	pages = {330--333},
	file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/533A6ZMP/S0006320717312788.html:text/html},
}

@article{culumberWidespreadBiasesEcological2019,
	title = {Widespread {Biases} in {Ecological} and {Evolutionary} {Studies}},
	volume = {69},
	issn = {0006-3568},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz063},
	doi = {10.1093/biosci/biz063},
	abstract = {There has been widespread discussion of biases in the sciences. The extent of most forms of bias has scarcely been confronted with rigorous data. In the present article, we evaluated the potential for geographic, taxonomic, and citation biases in publications between temperate and tropical systems for nine broad topics in ecology and evolutionary biology. Across 1,800 papers sampled from 60,000 peer-reviewed, empirical studies, we found consistent patterns of bias in the form of increased numbers of studies in temperate systems. Tropical studies were nearly absent from some topics. Furthermore, there were strong taxonomic biases across topics and geographic regions, as well as evidence for citation biases in many topics. Our results indicate a strong geographic imbalance in publishing patterns and among different taxonomic groups across a wide range of topics. The task ahead is to address what these biases mean and how they influence the state of our knowledge in ecology and evolution.},
	number = {8},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {BioScience},
	author = {Culumber, Zachary W and Anaya-Rojas, Jaime M and Booker, William W and Hooks, Alexandra P and Lange, Elizabeth C and Pluer, Benjamin and Ramírez-Bullón, Natali and Travis, Joseph},
	month = aug,
	year = {2019},
	pages = {631--640},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/V5K2G3XZ/Culumber et al. - 2019 - Widespread Biases in Ecological and Evolutionary S.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/JYH4GKSM/5523265.html:text/html},
}

@article{peirsonQuantitativePerspectivesFifty2017,
	title = {Quantitative {Perspectives} on {Fifty} {Years} of the {Journal} of the {History} of {Biology}},
	volume = {50},
	issn = {1573-0387},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10739-017-9499-2},
	doi = {10.1007/s10739-017-9499-2},
	abstract = {Journal of the History of Biology provides a fifty-year long record for examining the evolution of the history of biology as a scholarly discipline. In this paper, we present a new dataset and preliminary quantitative analysis of the thematic content of JHB from the perspectives of geography, organisms, and thematic fields. The geographic diversity of authors whose work appears in JHB has increased steadily since 1968, but the geographic coverage of the content of JHB articles remains strongly lopsided toward the United States, United Kingdom, and western Europe and has diversified much less dramatically over time. The taxonomic diversity of organisms discussed in JHB increased steadily between 1968 and the late 1990s but declined in later years, mirroring broader patterns of diversification previously reported in the biomedical research literature. Finally, we used a combination of topic modeling and nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques to develop a model of multi-article fields within JHB. We found evidence for directional changes in the representation of fields on multiple scales. The diversity of JHB with regard to the representation of thematic fields has increased overall, with most of that diversification occurring in recent years. Drawing on the dataset generated in the course of this analysis, as well as web services in the emerging digital history and philosophy of science ecosystem, we have developed an interactive web platform for exploring the content of JHB, and we provide a brief overview of the platform in this article. As a whole, the data and analyses presented here provide a starting-place for further critical reflection on the evolution of the history of biology over the past half-century.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Journal of the History of Biology},
	author = {Peirson, B. R. Erick and Bottino, Erin and Damerow, Julia L. and Laubichler, Manfred D.},
	month = nov,
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Data visualization, Computational HPS, Computational humanities, Digital HPS, Topic modeling},
	pages = {695--751},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/QPU5ULYA/Peirson et al. - 2017 - Quantitative Perspectives on Fifty Years of the Jo.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{livingstonPerspectivesGlobalDisparity2016,
	title = {Perspectives on the {Global} {Disparity} in {Ecological} {Science}},
	volume = {66},
	issn = {0006-3568},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biv175},
	doi = {10.1093/biosci/biv175},
	abstract = {Currently, countries with the highest human development index (HDI) dominate the production of ecological research. This is problematic because ecology is a discipline that is highly relevant to the challenges facing countries with lower indices. We characterize the full state of current inequity at the authorship and editorial levels, investigating the relative role of gross domestic product (GDP) versus research investment in driving publication patterns. We find that the representation of low HDI countries decreases dramatically from authorship to editorial levels. GDP was the best predictor of publication rate for high HDI countries, whereas research investment was an equal or better predictor for low HDI countries. In light of our results, we propose an alternative model of knowledge sharing and production that emphasizes (a) increasing equity in the communication of ecological science at a global scale, (b) expanding ecology funding in low HDI countries, and (c) prioritizing ecological science in low HDI regions.},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {BioScience},
	author = {Livingston, George and Waring, Bonnie and Pacheco, Luis F. and Buchori, Damayanti and Jiang, Yuexin and Gilbert, Lawrence and Jha, Shalene},
	month = feb,
	year = {2016},
	pages = {147--155},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/LWXRLYM6/Livingston et al. - 2016 - Perspectives on the Global Disparity in Ecological.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/V6TC5CAI/2468676.html:text/html},
}

@article{pitmanResearchBiodiversityHotspots2010,
	title = {Research in biodiversity hotspots should be free},
	volume = {25},
	issn = {0169-5347},
	url = {https://www.cell.com/trends/ecology-evolution/abstract/S0169-5347(10)00080-7},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tree.2010.04.002},
	language = {English},
	number = {7},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Trends in Ecology \& Evolution},
	author = {Pitman, Nigel C. A.},
	month = jul,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20430471},
	note = {Publisher: Elsevier},
	pages = {381},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/I9XMSPAA/Pitman - 2010 - Research in biodiversity hotspots should be free.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/MDN3CIYR/S0169-5347(10)00080-7.html:text/html},
}

@article{perezChangingNatureCollaboration2018,
	title = {The changing nature of collaboration in tropical ecology and conservation},
	volume = {50},
	issn = {1744-7429},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/btp.12573},
	doi = {10.1111/btp.12573},
	abstract = {Collaboration can improve conservation initiatives through increases in article impact and by building scientific understating required for conservation practice. We investigated temporal trends in collaboration in the tropical ecology and conservation literature by examining patterns of authorship for 2271 articles published from 2000 to 2016 in Biotropica and the Journal of Tropical Ecology. Consistent with trends in other studies and scientific disciplines, we found that the number of authors per article increased from 2.6 in 2000 to 4.2 in 2015 using a generalized linear model (glm). We modeled changes in multinational collaboration in articles using a glm and found that the mean number of author-affiliated countries increased from 1.3 (±0.6 SD) to 1.7 (±0.8 SD) over time and that increases were best explained by the number of authors per article. The proportion of authors based in tropical countries increased, but the probability of tropical–extratropical collaboration did not and was best explained solely by the number of authors per article. Overall, our analyses suggest that only certain types of collaboration are increasing and that these increases coincide with a general increase in the number of authors per article. Such changes in author numbers and collaboration could be the result of increased data sharing, changes in the scope of research questions, changes in authorship criteria, or scientific migration. We encourage tropical conservation scientists continue to build collaborative ties, particularly with researchers based in underrepresented tropical countries, to ensure that tropical ecology and conservation remains inclusive and effective.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	author = {Perez, Timothy M. and Hogan, J. Aaron},
	year = {2018},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/btp.12573},
	keywords = {collaboration, tropical, conservation, ecology, authorship, bibliometrics, publication metrics, scientometrics},
	pages = {563--567},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/WP2JWCB8/Perez and Hogan - 2018 - The changing nature of collaboration in tropical e.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/FFCHTWIZ/Perez and Hogan - 2018 - The changing nature of collaboration in tropical e.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/VPPC72YT/btp.html:text/html},
}

@article{rabyColonialOriginsTropical2017,
	title = {The colonial origins of tropical field stations: to confront persistent geographic and demographic biases in environmental science, researchers must understand the history of their field sites},
	volume = {105},
	issn = {00030996},
	shorttitle = {The colonial origins of tropical field stations},
	url = {https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&issn=00030996&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA499406493&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs},
	abstract = {{\textless}em{\textgreater}Gale{\textless}/em{\textgreater} Academic OneFile includes The colonial origins of tropical field stations: to con by Megan Raby. Click to explore.},
	language = {English},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {American Scientist},
	author = {Raby, Megan},
	month = jul,
	year = {2017},
	note = {Publisher: Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society},
	pages = {216--224},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/PADVVYXI/i.html:text/html},
}

@article{hazlettGeographyPublishingAnthropocene2020,
	title = {The geography of publishing in the {Anthropocene}},
	volume = {2},
	issn = {2578-4854},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/csp2.270},
	doi = {10.1111/csp2.270},
	abstract = {One key aspect of the Anthropocene is the inherent disparities between the Global North and the Global South. These differences manifest in the causes and impacts of pollution, climate change, and species extinctions, but are they also present in the ways we write about the Anthropocene? We examine 77 peer-reviewed papers spanning 2009–2019 that explicitly feature conservation in an Anthropocene context. We compare these papers to a control group of papers that feature conservation but do not engage specifically with the Anthropocene literature. We found that both “Anthropocene” and “conservation” papers include a disproportionately large number of authors with affiliations in the Global North, despite half of the research taking place in the Global South. Moreover, this overrepresentation occurs regardless of author position or journal impact factor. We find that 84\% of Anthropocene articles and 91\% of conservation articles occurring in the Global North had a first author from the country of study, as opposed to only 55\% of Anthropocene articles and 62\% of conservation articles from the Global South. Studies occurring in the Global North almost always had at least one coauthor from the country of study (96\% of Anthropocene articles and 97\% of conservation articles). In contrast, only 81\% of Anthropocene articles and 83\% of conservation articles occurring in the Global South had any local coauthors. We used two text-mining algorithms to characterize the authorship networks and topics occurring in Anthropocene and conservation papers. These analyses showed that while both groups are interdisciplinary, Anthropocene papers had more distributed authorship networks and greater linkages across topics, and therefore have a flatter “topic surface” than the conservation papers. Our work suggests that conservation research programs that are explicitly grounded in the Anthropocene as a theoretical framework are more likely to reach across disciplinary lines.},
	language = {en},
	number = {10},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Conservation Science and Practice},
	author = {Hazlett, Megan A. and Henderson, Kate M. and Zeitzer, Ilana F. and Drew, Joshua A.},
	year = {2020},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/csp2.270},
	keywords = {diversity, representation, Academic publishing, conservation biology, content analysis, global divide},
	pages = {e270},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/6UKZCGZ6/Hazlett et al. - 2020 - The geography of publishing in the Anthropocene.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/EDEM862Z/csp2.html:text/html},
}

@article{rabyJungleOurDoor2016,
	title = {"{The} {Jungle} at {Our} {Door}": {Panama} and {American} {Ecological} {Imagination} in the {Twentieth} {Century}},
	volume = {21},
	issn = {1084-5453},
	shorttitle = {"{The} {Jungle} at {Our} {Door}"},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/24691585},
	abstract = {Historians have not fully recognized the degree to which encounters in Panama have shaped biological understandings of tropical forests. The history of Barro Colorado Island (BCI) offers a critical case in point. This island, a by-product of the construction of the Panama Canal, became the site of a biological field station in 1923. Its position in the Canal Zone encouraged generations of US biologists to work there, helping to make it a model tropical forest. Although scientists initially characterized the forest as typical, by the 1950s they questioned how knowledge of the forest on BCI could extend to tropical forests in general. Was the jungle at their door really a door to understanding the jungle? This essay considers the legacy of the Panama Canal for ecological understandings of tropical forests.},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Environmental History},
	author = {Raby, Megan},
	year = {2016},
	note = {Publisher: [Oxford University Press, Forest History Society, American Society for Environmental History]},
	pages = {260--269},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/4D242RHQ/Raby - 2016 - The Jungle at Our Door Panama and American Ecol.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{toomeyWritingHistoryPresent2017,
	title = {Writing history in the present: {The} implications of localized forms of science in {Latin} {America} for a postcolonial world},
	volume = {4},
	copyright = {Copyright (c) 2022},
	issn = {2057-4924},
	shorttitle = {Writing history in the present},
	url = {https://journals.warwick.ac.uk/index.php/alternautas/article/view/1053},
	doi = {10.31273/alternautas.v4i1.1053},
	abstract = {Scientific research practices, in particular in the biological sciences, are currently undergoing a great deal of scrutiny and change due to recent debates in the social sciences about bioprospecting, biopiracy and the co-production of knowledge. Nowhere are these debates more relevant than in countries with high levels of both biological and cultural diversity that have been subject to a history of colonialism, such as in tropical regions of South America. Many authors have written critically about these issues – however, there is less understanding about the links between such histories and the policies, discourses and relationships as occur in scientific practices in these regions of the world today. In particular, little notice has been taken of localized creations of scientific practice in non-western settings, especially in terms of how they shift scientific trends and debates on a global scale. This essay takes the case of ‘Bolivian science’ in order to show how research encounters in the so-called scientific ‘peripheries’ of the world can have implications for the production and use of science that far outstretch the limits of geographical boundaries, and lead to the decolonization of science back on Western soils.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Alternautas},
	author = {Toomey, Anne},
	year = {2017},
	note = {Number: 1},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/H57TPRKB/Toomey - 2017 - Writing history in the present The implications o.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{heddingHereBeDragons2021,
	title = {“{Here} be dragons!” {The} gross under-representation of the {Global} {South} on editorial boards in {Geography}},
	volume = {187},
	issn = {1475-4959},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/geoj.12405},
	doi = {10.1111/geoj.12405},
	abstract = {One manifestation of the glaring lack of equality, diversity, and inclusion in higher education relates to the underrepresentation of certain individuals and/or regions in the scholarly publication process. Here, we analyse the affiliations of editorial board members in 126 Geography journals. Specifically, we examine editorial board membership by region and determine the extent to which the regional representation of editorial board members is associated with journal impact factor as a measure of journal reach and quality. Of the 5,202 editorial board members examined, almost 80\% are located in mainland Europe, North America, and the British Isles, while roughly five percent are located in Central America, South America, the Middle East, and Africa combined. Moreover, editorial board members located in these four regions from the Global South are most often editorial board members of journals in the lowest quartile (by impact factor). These findings highlight the outdated and exclusionary practices that pervade the scholarly publication process in science in general, and Geography specifically.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {The Geographical Journal},
	author = {Hedding, David William and Breetzke, Gregory},
	year = {2021},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/geoj.12405},
	keywords = {diversity, equality, inclusion, editorial board membership, geography, Global South},
	pages = {331--345},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/K9RJP9I4/Hedding and Breetzke - 2021 - “Here be dragons!” The gross under-representation .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/8ZZEQWXT/geoj.html:text/html},
}

@article{estradaRecognizingRoleTropical2008,
	title = {Recognizing the {Role} of {Tropical} {Scientists} in {Tropical} {Research}},
	volume = {1},
	issn = {1940-0829},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/194008290800100301},
	doi = {10.1177/194008290800100301},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Tropical Conservation Science},
	author = {Estrada, Alejandro and Butler, Rhett},
	month = sep,
	year = {2008},
	note = {Publisher: SAGE Publications Inc},
	pages = {i--v},
	file = {SAGE PDF Full Text:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/AR254GKV/Estrada and Butler - 2008 - Recognizing the Role of Tropical Scientists in Tro.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{vallesLowContributionCaribbeanbased2021,
	title = {Low contribution of {Caribbean}-based researchers to academic publications on biodiversity conservation in the insular {Caribbean}},
	volume = {19},
	issn = {2530-0644},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2530064421000729},
	doi = {10.1016/j.pecon.2021.07.006},
	abstract = {The insular Caribbean is among the most threatened global biodiversity hotspots, warranting urgent and effective action in conservation. However, the capacity of Caribbean-based researchers to address challenges in biodiversity conservation appears limited. To assess the latter, we used the contribution of Caribbean-based authors to the production of peer-reviewed journal papers on biodiversity conservation in the insular Caribbean as a proxy for research capacity. Moreover, because the insular Caribbean is a complex geopolitical system including sovereign states and overseas territories, we examined the contributions of these two groups to the number of papers published. We used the Web of Science Core collection to search for papers by combining the terms “Biodiversity” and/or “Conservation” with either “Carib*” or “Antill*” between 2000 and 2015. This procedure yielded 489 peer-reviewed papers in 145 scientific journals. Over the study period, only 36.6\% of all papers included Caribbean-based authors, and Caribbean-based authors accounted for only 17.4\% of yearly authorships per paper, with no increases over time. The proportion of papers with only Caribbean-based authors was small (8.0\%), although the impact factors of the journals where these papers were published increased over time. Overall, Caribbean-based authors from overseas territories produced more papers than those from sovereign states, but this was mainly due to the large contribution of Puerto Rico. Despite facing similar biodiversity challenges, there was little research collaboration between overseas territories and sovereign states. Our results are a call to action to change the status quo in biodiversity research in one of the most biodiversity-rich regions of the world.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2022-06-09},
	journal = {Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation},
	author = {Vallès, Henri and Labaude, Sophie and Bezault, Etienne and Browne, Darren and Deacon, Amy and Guppy, Reia and Pujadas Clavel, Aimara and Cézilly, Frank},
	month = oct,
	year = {2021},
	keywords = {Conservation, Biodiversity, Global South, Antilles, Authorship, Caribbean, Research capacity, West Indies},
	pages = {443--453},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/YDJE72NK/Vallès et al. - 2021 - Low contribution of Caribbean-based researchers to.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/58D5QWVR/S2530064421000729.html:text/html},
}

@misc{FredericoFreitas,
	title = {Frederico {Freitas}},
	url = {https://fredericofreitas.org/},
	abstract = {History and Design},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-06-10},
	journal = {Frederico Freitas},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/S7S7RSC2/fredericofreitas.org.html:text/html},
}

@article{christenReviewFoundationsTropical2003,
	title = {Review of {Foundations} of {Tropical} {Forest} {Biology}: {Classic} {Papers} with {Commentaries}},
	volume = {36},
	issn = {0022-5010},
	shorttitle = {Review of {Foundations} of {Tropical} {Forest} {Biology}},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/4331839},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-10},
	journal = {Journal of the History of Biology},
	author = {Christen, Catherine A.},
	collaborator = {Chazdon, Robin L. and Whitmore, T. C.},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Publisher: Springer},
	pages = {612--613},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/XVPWMFX6/Christen - 2003 - Review of Foundations of Tropical Forest Biology .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{christenInformationCandidateSCB,
	title = {Information on candidate for {SCB} {Board} of {Governors}},
	language = {en},
	author = {Christen, Kate},
	pages = {6},
	file = {Christen - Information on candidate for SCB Board of Governor.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/PHL86SXB/Christen - Information on candidate for SCB Board of Governor.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@misc{archivesAccession06131Records1966,
	type = {text},
	title = {Accession 06-131 {Records}, 1966-1970},
	copyright = {Usage conditions apply},
	url = {https://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_arc_259473},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-06-10},
	journal = {Smithsonian Institution Archives},
	author = {Archives, Smithsonian Institution},
	year = {1966},
	note = {Publisher: Smithsonian Institution},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/QUSMA76Z/siris_arc_259473.html:text/html},
}

@misc{archivesAccession10152Departmental1973,
	type = {text},
	title = {Accession 10-152 {Departmental} {Records}, 1973-2008},
	copyright = {Usage conditions apply},
	url = {https://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_arc_293057},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-06-10},
	journal = {Smithsonian Institution Archives},
	author = {Archives, Smithsonian Institution},
	year = {1973},
	note = {Publisher: Smithsonian Institution},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/D4YQ4VFT/siris_arc_293057.html:text/html},
}

@article{hansenHowWeEnsure2018,
	title = {How do we ensure the future of our discipline is vibrant? {Student} reflections on careers and culture of ecology},
	volume = {9},
	issn = {2150-8925},
	shorttitle = {How do we ensure the future of our discipline is vibrant?},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ecs2.2099},
	doi = {10.1002/ecs2.2099},
	abstract = {Ecology must attract and retain diverse talented people to produce innovative research and relevant solutions to 21st-century environmental problems. Careers and culture form the foundation of scientific advancement, and substantial progress has been made over recent decades in both realms. Yet, important challenges persist in expanding career paths, inclusion of underrepresented groups, and communication with the public. The ESA Student Section organized a horizon scanning exercise to address the following goals: (1) to identify challenges that 21st-century ecologists contend with or expect to contend with in careers and outreach to society, (2) to anticipate opportunities to help ecologists meet challenges, and (3) to identify concrete steps that could be taken by individual laboratories, institutions, and the ESA to foster progress. In spring 2016, the ESA Student Section solicited input from student members and organized a working group to assess the state of the discipline and to envision how we might cultivate a more inclusive and effective community. We identified three major challenges. First, PhDs are produced faster than academic positions become available and disconnects between academia and other sectors may keep early-career ecologists from realizing the breadth of available positions. We propose an online jobs hub to make non-academic sectors more accessible to ecologists. We also suggest students develop skills portfolios to prepare for non-academic positions. Second, the composition of people who are ecologists differs from broader society, partially due to implicit biases and institutional barriers. We propose steps to reduce attrition of diversity in ecology that include countering implicit biases and creating mentorship networks. We offer steps to improve recruitment by increasing awareness of ecology among high school students and undergraduates and providing opportunities to engage in ecological research. Finally, ecology is only relevant if the public perceives it to be. We must improve science communication and begin cultivating trust. We propose that ad hoc communication by all ecologists is insufficient; translational ecologists should be hired in every department and formal training in translational ecology is necessary. We hope this paper catalyzes critical thinking and partnerships among students, professional ecologists, and the ESA to ensure the future of ecology is vibrant.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-10},
	journal = {Ecosphere},
	author = {Hansen, Winslow D. and Scholl, Joshua P. and Sorensen, Amanda E. and Fisher, Kelsey E. and Klassen, Jessica A. and Calle, Leonardo and Kandlikar, Gaurav S. and Kortessis, Nicholas and Kucera, Dion C. and Marias, Danielle E. and Narango, Desiree L. and O'Keeffe, Kayleigh and Recart, Wilnelia and Ridolfi, Elizabeth and Shea, Monika E.},
	year = {2018},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecs2.2099},
	keywords = {careers, Ecological Society of America, inclusion, science communication, students},
	pages = {e02099},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/P3TNEAK2/Hansen et al. - 2018 - How do we ensure the future of our discipline is v.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/VRWTXLVJ/ecs2.html:text/html},
}

@article{parkObservationsConcerningFuture1945,
	title = {Observations concerning the future of ecology},
	volume = {26},
	issn = {0012-9658},
	doi = {10.2307/1931910},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2022-06-10},
	journal = {Ecology},
	author = {Park, Orlando},
	year = {1945},
	note = {Publisher: Ecological Society of America},
	pages = {1--9},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/JWRFD6N9/Park - 1945 - Observations Concerning the Future of Ecology.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{tigreCooperationAmazonCountries,
	title = {Cooperation of {Amazon} {Countries}: {A} {Comparative} {Analysis} of {Forest} {Law} {Towards} a {Cooperative} {Effort} for the {Conservation} and ({Sustainable}) {Development} of the {Amazon} {Rainforest}},
	language = {en},
	author = {Tigre, Maria Antonia},
	pages = {245},
	file = {Tigre - Cooperation of Amazon Countries A Comparative Ana.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/N7BNXFBX/Tigre - Cooperation of Amazon Countries A Comparative Ana.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@misc{RemingtonKelloggPapers,
	title = {Remington {Kellogg} {Papers} {\textbar} {Contents} {\textbar} {SOVA}},
	url = {https://sova.si.edu/details/SIA.FARU7170?s=0&n=10&t=P&q=*%3A*#refIDd1e781},
	urldate = {2022-06-10},
	file = {Remington Kellogg Papers | Contents | SOVA:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/MCCH7BG3/SIA.html:text/html},
}

@book{incBulletinAtomicScientists1948,
	title = {Bulletin of the {Atomic} {Scientists}},
	abstract = {The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.},
	language = {en},
	publisher = {Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc.},
	author = {Inc, Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science},
	month = nov,
	year = {1948},
	note = {Google-Books-ID: 0AsAAAAAMBAJ},
}

@misc{HyleanAmazonInstitute,
	title = {Hylean {Amazon} {Institute} created: {Iquitos} {Conference} establishes seat of {IIHA} in {Manaus}, {Brazil} - {UNESCO} {Digital} {Library}},
	url = {https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000073774},
	urldate = {2022-06-10},
	file = {Hylean Amazon Institute created\: Iquitos Conference establishes seat of IIHA in Manaus, Brazil - UNESCO Digital Library:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/HWRVIAKP/pf0000073774.html:text/html},
}

@article{vandresserFutureAmazon1948,
	title = {The {Future} of the {Amazon}},
	volume = {178},
	issn = {0036-8733},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2022-06-10},
	journal = {Scientific American},
	author = {van Dresser, Peter},
	year = {1948},
	note = {Publisher: Scientific American, a division of Nature America, Inc.},
	pages = {11--15},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/5B757T6Y/van Dresser - 1948 - THE FUTURE OF THE AMAZON.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{hagenProblemsInstitutionalizationTropical1990,
	title = {Problems in the {Institutionalization} of {Tropical} {Biology}: {The} {Case} of the {Barro} {Colorado} {Island} {Biological} {Laboratory}},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {0391-9714},
	shorttitle = {Problems in the {Institutionalization} of {Tropical} {Biology}},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/23330585},
	abstract = {This article examines the changing status of tropical biology by considering the origins and early development of the Barro Colorado Island Biological Laboratory. Today the laboratory is part of a large diversified tropical research center operated by the Smithsonian Institution. However, for most of its history the laboratory led a tenuous existence. Both the early problems and eventual success of the institution can only be explained by considering the interaction of various intellectual, institutional, and broader social factors.},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-10},
	journal = {History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences},
	author = {Hagen, Joel B.},
	year = {1990},
	note = {Publisher: Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - Napoli},
	pages = {225--247},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/AZ8WYJU4/Hagen - 1990 - Problems in the Institutionalization of Tropical B.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{royEvolutionForestRestoration,
	title = {The evolution of forest restoration in {India}: {The} journey from precolonial to {India}'s 75th year of {Independence}},
	volume = {n/a},
	issn = {1099-145X},
	shorttitle = {The evolution of forest restoration in {India}},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ldr.4258},
	doi = {10.1002/ldr.4258},
	abstract = {This paper examines the history of forest restoration in India. While contemporary literature often emphasizes the novelty of forest restoration programmes as exemplified in large-scale global pledges such as the Bonn Challenge or the Trillion Trees initiative, we show that forest restoration has thousands of years of history in India. Furthermore, this history plays an important role in shaping current restoration efforts, in ways that often undermine restoration goals. We find four themes in this history: the definitions of forests changed as the national administration metamorphosed, the philosophy behind the afforestation practices transitioned from commercial to a focus on forest cover that still underemphasizes ecological and subsistence values of forests, the involvement of forest-dependent people in forest restoration has been limited by government policies through much of this period, and current restoration practice draws more from the history of commercial timber production than from contemporary restoration science. Drawing on these insights, we argue that restoration programmes need to be reconsidered in India.},
	language = {en},
	number = {n/a},
	urldate = {2022-06-10},
	journal = {Land Degradation \& Development},
	author = {Roy, Anirban and Fleischman, Forrest},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ldr.4258},
	keywords = {India, forest restoration, afforestation, colonial, postcolonial, precolonial},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/2NHJG6MN/Roy and Fleischman - The evolution of forest restoration in India The .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/2A44CHGB/ldr.html:text/html},
}

@misc{PropostasRestauracaoFlorestas,
	title = {As {Propostas} de {Restauração} de {Florestas} {Nativas} no {Brasil} (1912-1944) {\textbar} {História} {Revista}},
	url = {https://www.revistas.ufg.br/historia/article/view/43091},
	urldate = {2022-06-10},
}

@article{carmelTrendsEcologicalResearch2013,
	title = {Trends in ecological research during the last three decades: a systematic review},
	volume = {8},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	url = {https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059813},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0059813},
	abstract = {It is thought that the science of ecology has experienced conceptual shifts in recent decades, chiefly from viewing nature as static and balanced to a conception of constantly changing, unpredictable, complex ecosystems. Here, we ask if these changes are reflected in actual ecological research over the last 30 years. We surveyed 750 articles from the entire pool of ecological literature and 750 articles from eight leading journals. Each article was characterized according to its type, ecological domain, and applicability, and major topics. We found that, in contrast to its common image, ecology is still mostly a study of single species (70\% of the studies); while ecosystem and community studies together comprise only a quarter of ecological research. Ecological science is somewhat conservative in its topics of research (about a third of all topics changed significantly through time), as well as in its basic methodologies and approaches. However, the growing proportion of problem-solving studies (from 9\% in the 1980s to 20\% in the 2000 s) may represent a major transition in ecological science in the long run.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2022-06-14},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	author = {Carmel, Yohay and Kent, Rafi and Bar-Massada, Avi and Blank, Lior and Liberzon, Jonathan and Nezer, Oded and Sapir, Gill and Federman, Roy},
	month = apr,
	year = {2013},
	pages = {e59813},
	file = {Carmel et al. - 2013 - Trends in Ecological Research during the Last Thre.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/L2B4F4KW/Carmel et al. - 2013 - Trends in Ecological Research during the Last Thre.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{estesSpatialTemporalDomains2018,
	title = {The spatial and temporal domains of modern ecology},
	volume = {2},
	copyright = {2018 The Author(s)},
	issn = {2397-334X},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-018-0524-4},
	doi = {10.1038/s41559-018-0524-4},
	abstract = {To understand ecological phenomena, it is necessary to observe their behaviour across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Since this need was first highlighted in the 1980s, technology has opened previously inaccessible scales to observation. To help to determine whether there have been corresponding changes in the scales observed by modern ecologists, we analysed the resolution, extent, interval and duration of observations (excluding experiments) in 348 studies that have been published between 2004 and 2014. We found that observational scales were generally narrow, because ecologists still primarily use conventional field techniques. In the spatial domain, most observations had resolutions ≤1 m2 and extents ≤10,000 ha. In the temporal domain, most observations were either unreplicated or infrequently repeated ({\textgreater}1 month interval) and ≤1 year in duration. Compared with studies conducted before 2004, observational durations and resolutions appear largely unchanged, but intervals have become finer and extents larger. We also found a large gulf between the scales at which phenomena are actually observed and the scales those observations ostensibly represent, raising concerns about observational comprehensiveness. Furthermore, most studies did not clearly report scale, suggesting that it remains a minor concern. Ecologists can better understand the scales represented by observations by incorporating autocorrelation measures, while journals can promote attentiveness to scale by implementing scale-reporting standards.},
	language = {en},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2022-06-14},
	journal = {Nature Ecology \& Evolution},
	author = {Estes, Lyndon and Elsen, Paul R. and Treuer, Timothy and Ahmed, Labeeb and Caylor, Kelly and Chang, Jason and Choi, Jonathan J. and Ellis, Erle C.},
	month = may,
	year = {2018},
	note = {Number: 5
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	keywords = {Ecology},
	pages = {819--826},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/5DBA55YD/Estes et al. - 2018 - The spatial and temporal domains of modern ecology.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/LR9SKIGD/s41559-018-0524-4.html:text/html},
}

@article{mccallenTrendsEcologyShifts2019,
	title = {Trends in ecology: shifts in ecological research themes over the past four decades},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {1540-9309},
	shorttitle = {Trends in ecology},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/fee.1993},
	doi = {10.1002/fee.1993},
	abstract = {As ecology enters a critical era, more comprehensive studies are needed to improve our understanding of the key themes, major trends, and potential gaps within the discipline. However, as the number of published scientific papers continues to grow, tracking the ever-expanding body of work becomes increasingly challenging. To identify trends in ecological research, we used recently developed machine learning techniques to perform an automated content analysis on over 84,841 articles published in 33 top-ranked scientific journals over the past four decades. We detected a clear decline in the relative frequency of classical theoretical research, and increases in data-intensive research at both micro- and macroscales and on anthropogenic themes. Scattered around the periphery of the expanding thematic space, themes such as microbial ecology, genetics, biogeochemistry, and management and policy have all increased in relative frequency. New educational and research frameworks, as well as funding priorities, should incorporate these contemporary themes so that the field of ecology can better address societal challenges.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-14},
	journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment},
	author = {McCallen, Emily and Knott, Jonathan and Nunez-Mir, Gabriela and Taylor, Benjamin and Jo, Insu and Fei, Songlin},
	year = {2019},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/fee.1993},
	pages = {109--116},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/RK4KGAH9/McCallen et al. - 2019 - Trends in ecology shifts in ecological research t.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/4DPGNL6W/fee.html:text/html},
}

@article{monge-najeraTropicalBiologyConservation2016,
	title = {of {Tropical} {Biology} and {Conservation}: document types, languages,},
	volume = {64},
	abstract = {The Revista de Biología Tropical / International Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation, founded in 1953, publishes feature articles about tropical nature and is considered one of the leading journals in Latin America. This article analyzes document type, language, countries, institutions, citations and –for the first time– article lifespan, from 1976 through 2014. We analyzed 3 978 documents from the Science Citation Index Expanded. Articles comprised 88 \% of the total production and had 3.7 citations on average, lower than reviews. Spanish and English articles were nearly equal in numbers, and citation for English articles was only slightly higher. Costa Rica, Mexico, and the USA are the countries with more articles, and the leading institutions were Universidad de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico and Universidad de Oriente (Venezuela). The citation lifespan of articles is long, around 37 years. It is not surprising that Costa Rica, Mexico, and Venezuela lead in productivity and cooperation, because they are mostly covered by tropical ecosystems and share a common culture and a tradition of scientific cooperation. The same applies to the leading institutions, which are among the largest Spanish language universities in the neotropical region. American output can be explained by the regional presence of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and the Organization for Tropical Studies. Tropical research does not have the rapid change typical of medical research, and for this reason, the impact factor misses most of citations for the Revista, which are made after the two-year window used by the Web of Science. This issue is especially damaging for the Revista because most journals that deal with tropical biology are never checked when citations are counted by the Science Citation Index. Rev. Biol. Trop. 64 (3): 1223-1235. Epub 2016 September 01.},
	language = {en},
	journal = {Rev. Biol. Trop.},
	author = {Monge-Nájera, Julián and Ho, Yuh-Shan},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {21},
	file = {Monge-Nájera and Ho - 2016 - of Tropical Biology and Conservation document typ.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/XTWMRH7L/Monge-Nájera and Ho - 2016 - of Tropical Biology and Conservation document typ.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{defilippoBibliometriaColaboracionImpacto2016,
	title = {Bibliometría de la colaboración e impacto de la {Revista} de {Biología} {Tropical} ({Web} of {Science} 2003-2012)},
	volume = {64},
	issn = {2215-2075, 0034-7744},
	url = {http://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/18241},
	doi = {10.15517/rbt.v64i1.18241},
	abstract = {Bibliometry of collaboration and impact of the Revista de Biología Tropical (Web of Science 2003-2012). The activity analysis of a scientific journal is relevant to know the evolution of its characteristics over time. In this paper, results of a bibliometric study of the Revista de Biología Tropical/International Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation (Costa Rica) are presented. The goal of this study was to describe the main characteristics of its scientific production, and analyze its level of collaboration and its impact between the years 2003-2012. Data was derived from the Web of Science (Thomson-Reuters), and the relationship among authors and coauthors, institutions and countries, and their links with the citations received were analyzed for that period. Descriptive statistics about production (number of documents per year, institution and country), collaboration (authorship index, collaboration among institutions and countries) and impact (IF, position in JCR and number of citations received) were collected. Results showed that the journal has published 1 473 papers in this period, in similar proportions English and Spanish. Mexico, Costa Rica, Venezuela and Colombia are the most common countries of origin, with the Universidad of Costa Rica, Universidad Autónoma de Mexico and the University of Puerto Rico as the most common leader institutions. Collaboration between authors, institutions and countries has shown an increasing trend over the last decade. The co-author index was 3.07 per document, 63 \% of publications included 2 or more institutions, and 22 \% of the papers were product of international collaboration. The most common collaboration link was between Costa Rica and the United States of America. The impact factor has been oscillating during this last decade, reaching a maximum in 2012 (IF JCR = 0.553). Besides, 10 \% of the most cited papers concentrated half of the citations received by the journal, and have a very high number of citations, compared with the journal mean. The main countries that cite the journal were USA, Brazil, Mexico, Argentina and Costa Rica. Data showed an increasing collaboration between authors, institutions and countries, and a direct relationship between the increase of this collaboration and the received impact. Rev. Biol. Trop. 64 (1): 147-156. Epub 2016 March 01.},
	language = {es},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2022-06-14},
	journal = {Revista de Biología Tropical},
	author = {De Filippo, Daniela and Córdoba González, Saray and Sanz-Casado, Elías},
	month = jun,
	year = {2016},
	pages = {147},
	file = {De Filippo et al. - 2016 - Bibliometría de la colaboración e impacto de la Re.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/3RDCM8JR/De Filippo et al. - 2016 - Bibliometría de la colaboración e impacto de la Re.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{michanBibliometriaSistematicaBiologica2009,
	title = {Bibliometría de la sistemática biológica sobre {América} {Latina} durante el siglo {XX} en tres bases de datos mundiales},
	volume = {58},
	issn = {2215-2075, 0034-7744},
	url = {http://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/5227},
	doi = {10.15517/rbt.v58i2.5227},
	abstract = {Bibliometry of biological systematics in Latin America during the twentieth century in three global databases. We present a review of the biological systematic research in Latin America during the twentieth century, applying a bibliometric analysis to the information contained in international databases with the largest number of biological records: Biosis (since 1969), CAB (since 1910) and Science Citation Index (since 1900), to recognize certain patterns and trends regarding the document production. We obtained 19 079 documents and 1 387 journals for Biosis, 14326 and 2537 for CAB, 3257 and 1636 for SCI. Of the documents, 54.6\% related to new species, 15.3\% dealt with morphology, 14.9\% keys, 12.5\% descriptions, 10.6\% cases of synonymies, 6\% new genera, 4.9\% new geographical records, 23.6\% geographical distribution, 4.2\% redescriptions, and 3.6\% with new nomenclatural combinations. The regions mentioned were South America with 11.9\%, Central America with 4\% and America (all) with 2.56\%. Nineteen Latin American countries appear, whereas outside this region we found the United States of America with 12.6\% of representation and Canada with 3\%. Animals (65.6\%) were the most studied taxa, which was 1.7 times higher than what was published for plants (37\%), 11 times higher than fungi (6\%) and nearly 30 times higher than microorganisms (2.3\%). Out of the 155 journals that produced 66\% of the papers, 76.5\% were better represented in Biosis, 21.4\% in CAB and 2\% in SCI. Twenty-nine journals published 33\% of the articles, the maximum number of records obtained was 69\% for Biosis, CAB 24\% and 6.9\% for SCI, three (10.3\%) are in biology, 11 (37.9\%) in botany, 13 (44.8\%) zoology, and two (6.9\%) paleontology; eight of these journals (27.5\%) were published in Latin America and twenty were indexed in the Science Citation Index. In the last two years more journals of the region that publish on taxonomy have been indexed, but their impact factor is still low. However, the impact factor of a number of Latin American journals that published biodiversity increased with time. Countries that are more interested in studying the Latin American biota from the taxonomic point of view are Brazil, the United States, Argentina and Mexico. The most active institutions in this discipline were the Universidade de São Paulo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, and the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; together they produced 24\% of the documents. Rev. Biol. Trop. 58 (2): 531-545. Epub 2010 June 02.},
	language = {es},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-14},
	journal = {Revista de Biología Tropical},
	author = {Michán, Layla and Llorente-Bousquets, Jorge},
	month = sep,
	year = {2009},
	file = {Michán and Llorente-Bousquets - 2009 - Bibliometría de la sistemática biológica sobre Amé.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/2QST9PIX/Michán and Llorente-Bousquets - 2009 - Bibliometría de la sistemática biológica sobre Amé.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{walterEbbFlowCommunication2018,
	title = {The {Ebb} and {Flow} of {Communication} {Research}: {Seven} {Decades} of {Publication} {Trends} and {Research} {Priorities}},
	volume = {68},
	issn = {0021-9916, 1460-2466},
	shorttitle = {The {Ebb} and {Flow} of {Communication} {Research}},
	url = {https://academic.oup.com/joc/article/68/2/424/4958955},
	doi = {10.1093/joc/jqx015},
	abstract = {An analysis of all published research articles in the Journal of Communication (N = 1574) revealed a slow progression toward openness and diversity of thought, interrupted by temporal slowdowns and declines. Among the recorded gaps is the overwhelmingly small representation of voices outside the United States. The assumption of interdisciplinarity is also questioned, as primary journal contributors were limited to a small set of sub-disciplines. The results also reveal a dominance of the (post-)positivistic paradigm and quantitative methods. While the relative proportion of atheoretical research is decreasing, there is also a remarkable slowdown in new theory development. Finally, with a steep decline in federal funding, communication scholars are becoming more reliant on universities, public organizations, and private donors.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-14},
	journal = {Journal of Communication},
	author = {Walter, Nathan and Cody, Michael J and Ball-Rokeach, Sandra J},
	month = apr,
	year = {2018},
	pages = {424--440},
	file = {Walter et al. - 2018 - The Ebb and Flow of Communication Research Seven .pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/FY6RRJWV/Walter et al. - 2018 - The Ebb and Flow of Communication Research Seven .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{bronsteinHerJoyousEnthusiasm2018a,
	title = {“{Her} {Joyous} {Enthusiasm} for {Her} {Life}-{Work} …”: {Early} {Women} {Authors} in \textit{{The} {American} {Naturalist}}},
	volume = {192},
	issn = {0003-0147, 1537-5323},
	shorttitle = {“{Her} {Joyous} {Enthusiasm} for {Her} {Life}-{Work} …”},
	url = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/700119},
	doi = {10.1086/700119},
	abstract = {Women have long been underrepresented in the natural sciences, and although great progress has been made in recent decades, many subtle and not-so-subtle barriers persist. In this context, it is easy to get the impression that the early history of ecology and evolutionary biology was exclusively the domain of male researchers. In fact, a number of women made very substantial contributions to The American Naturalist in its first decades. In a follow-up to a series of retrospective essays celebrating 150 years of this journal, we highlight the scientific contributions of the women published in it during its first 50 years (1867–1916). We also discuss the diverse paths that their scientific careers took and the barriers they faced along the way.},
	language = {en},
	number = {6},
	urldate = {2022-06-14},
	journal = {The American Naturalist},
	author = {Bronstein, Judith L. and Bolnick, Daniel I.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2018},
	pages = {655--663},
	file = {Bronstein and Bolnick - 2018 - “Her Joyous Enthusiasm for Her Life-Work …” Early.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/CZJWKY8U/Bronstein and Bolnick - 2018 - “Her Joyous Enthusiasm for Her Life-Work …” Early.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{zukTemperateAssumptionsHow2016,
	title = {Temperate assumptions: how where we work influences how we think},
	volume = {188},
	issn = {0003-0147, 1537-5323},
	shorttitle = {Temperate {Assumptions}},
	url = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/687546},
	doi = {10.1086/687546},
	abstract = {Scientists have been observing the natural world for centuries and have long been intrigued by the high biodiversity and complexity of the tropics. They also usually had North American or European—in other words, outsider—perspectives and frequently concluded that the tropics were qualitatively different from the temperate regions in their ecology, evolution, and behavior. In particular, the tropics were seen as having a more benign abiotic environment, which in turn fostered more complex biotic relationships, with increased competition and other interactions. This may or may not be the case. Regardless, these ideas establish the temperate regions of the world as a kind of model system, a norm to which the tropics are compared and seen as different or unusual. The tropics are warmer or more diverse, rather than the temperate zone being cooler or less diverse. Such an attitude makes it difficult both to appreciate the scope of variation in nature and to develop accurate and general models for ecological and evolutionary processes.},
	language = {en},
	number = {S1},
	urldate = {2022-06-14},
	journal = {The American Naturalist},
	author = {Zuk, Marlene},
	month = sep,
	year = {2016},
	pages = {S1--S7},
	file = {Zuk - 2016 - Temperate Assumptions How Where We Work Influence.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/KMU7HMDC/Zuk - 2016 - Temperate Assumptions How Where We Work Influence.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{feeleyWhereEarthAre2018,
	title = {Where on {Earth} are the “tropics”?},
	volume = {10},
	url = {https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3vc5s2t3},
	doi = {10.21425/F5FBG38649},
	abstract = {The tropics have long been a focal point of interest in ecology and evolutionary biology - but where actually are the tropics? Classically, the tropics have been defined as all areas lying between 23.4° North and South as these zones receive direct overhead solar radiation at some point during the year. However, a suite of different environmental and climatic characteristics have also been employed to classify regions as tropical or not. The aims of this paper are to 1) briefly review some of the different criteria commonly used to define the tropics, 2) map the extent and distribution of tropical land areas according to these different criteria, and 3) asses the concordance between these criteria and a sample of recent “tropical” studies. More specifically, we review eight criteria that are frequently used (implicitly or explicitly) to define the tropics. We then map the location and extent of land areas that are “definitely tropical” (i.e., the core tropics) and areas that are “tropical by most definitions”. Finally, we examine how the different classifications apply to tropical research through an analysis of the study locations of \>200 recent tropical biology articles. Depending on the definition, the extent of the terrestrial tropics ranges from 23 million to 66 million km2 – a nearly threefold difference. Likewise, the classification of many areas as being tropical vs. non-tropical depends on the specific criterion employed. Of the tropical studies reviewed here, only 44\% were based on data collected from the core tropics, and 12\% of tropical studies were based on data collected from sites outside of the geographic tropics but with tropical climates. Many different criteria are used to classify areas as tropical vs. non-tropical, leading to inconsistencies when estimating the extent of tropical areas and variation in the classification of ecosystems and species as being tropical vs. non-tropical.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1-2},
	urldate = {2022-06-14},
	journal = {Frontiers of Biogeography},
	author = {Feeley, Kenneth J. and Stroud, James T.},
	year = {2018},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/IFEDLCB6/Feeley and Stroud - 2018 - Where on Earth are the “tropics”.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/PFVRW2V4/3vc5s2t3.html:text/html},
}

@article{moreiraMentalIllnessesTropical2017a,
	title = {Mental illnesses in tropical climates (1906)},
	volume = {29},
	issn = {0954-0261, 1369-1627},
	url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09540261.2017.1285967},
	doi = {10.1080/09540261.2017.1285967},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-15},
	journal = {International Review of Psychiatry},
	author = {Moreira, Juliano and Peixoto, Afrânio},
	month = may,
	year = {2017},
	pages = {216--224},
	file = {Moreira and Peixoto - 2017 - Mental illnesses in tropical climates (1906).pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/VHI763EH/Moreira and Peixoto - 2017 - Mental illnesses in tropical climates (1906).pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{phillipsTropicalHammockMiami1940,
	title = {A {Tropical} {Hammock} on the {Miami} ({Florida}) {Limestone}},
	volume = {21},
	issn = {0012-9658},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/1930483},
	doi = {10.2307/1930483},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-15},
	journal = {Ecology},
	author = {Phillips, Walter S.},
	year = {1940},
	note = {Publisher: Ecological Society of America},
	pages = {166--175},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/54W8SF4Q/Phillips - 1940 - A Tropical Hammock on the Miami (Florida) Limeston.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{kenoyerGeneralSuccessionalEcology1929,
	title = {General and {Successional} {Ecology} of the {Lower} {Tropical} {Rain}-{Forest} at {Barro} {Colorado} {Island}, {Panama}},
	volume = {10},
	issn = {0012-9658},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/1932295},
	doi = {10.2307/1932295},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-15},
	journal = {Ecology},
	author = {Kenoyer, Leslie A.},
	year = {1929},
	note = {Publisher: Ecological Society of America},
	pages = {201--222},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/BKNI8RAH/Kenoyer - 1929 - General and Successional Ecology of the Lower Trop.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@misc{ElsevierEnhancedReader,
	title = {Elsevier {Enhanced} {Reader}},
	url = {https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0006320720309162?token=726B5EFD3C4F105344200D14952936F620465E983C6E5E52CD22EE9D1A7EA65C12CD4A683476CF0DA74FE669AECFA24B&originRegion=us-east-1&originCreation=20220615152055},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-06-15},
	doi = {10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108858},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/T34EPCR5/S0006320720309162.html:text/html},
}

@article{alleeMeasurementEnvironmentalFactors1926,
	title = {Measurement of {Environmental} {Factors} in the {Tropical} {Rain}-{Forest} of {Panama}},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {1939-9170},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/1929311},
	doi = {10.2307/1929311},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-15},
	journal = {Ecology},
	author = {Allee, W. C.},
	year = {1926},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2307/1929311},
	pages = {273--302},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/MHBLEYB2/1929311.html:text/html},
}

@article{visherTropicalClimatesEcological1923,
	title = {Tropical {Climates} from an {Ecological} {Viewpoint}},
	volume = {4},
	issn = {0012-9658},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/1929267},
	doi = {10.2307/1929267},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2022-06-15},
	journal = {Ecology},
	author = {Visher, Stephen S.},
	year = {1923},
	note = {Publisher: Ecological Society of America},
	pages = {1--10},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/I4WUHMR8/Visher - 1923 - Tropical Climates from an Ecological Viewpoint.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ballariReviewEcologicalRestoration2020,
	title = {A {Review} of {Ecological} {Restoration} {Research} in the {Global} {South} and {North} to {Promote} {Knowledge} {Dialogue}},
	volume = {18},
	issn = {0972-4923},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/26937770},
	abstract = {To determine global trends in ecological restoration (ER) research, we conducted a geographically-explicit English-language literature review. We assessed a representative sample (n=603) of publications that use the ER concept (n=8,678). Only 19.2\% (n=118) were explicit ER studies, and these were evaluated to determine geographic location, research framework, ER paradigm, journal disciplinary orientation, article type, disturbance factor studied, and ER-response measurements. The Global North produced 2x more studies than the South, and ecological research frameworks predominated overall. However, significantly more Southern studies operated under a postmodern paradigm (i.e., addressing ecosystem processes, functions and health) than in the North, where more studies sought to reconstitute pre-disturbance biotic assemblages (i.e., classical paradigm). Both regions published mostly in natural science journals, but significantly more in the North; in the South, there were significantly more publications in engineering journals. An incipient socio-ecological research framework was detected in the North (23.1\%) and South (32.5\%), but social science studies were only found in the North (11.5\%). Plus, the North had significantly more conceptual publications. Opportunities exist in both regions to enhance a holistic ER perspective. Southern scientists and practitioners could pay attention to context-specific concepts and approaches. Understanding global and regional ER research trends can contribute to improving theoretical, practical and ethical outcomes.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-15},
	journal = {Conservation \& Society},
	author = {Ballari, Sebastián A. and Roulier, Catherine and Nielsen, Erik A. and Pizarro, Cristóbal and Anderson, Christopher B.},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Publisher: [Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd.]},
	pages = {298--310},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/DSV4NN5U/Ballari et al. - 2020 - A Review of Ecological Restoration Research in the.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{medinaWhyEcologistsSearch2018,
	title = {Why do ecologists search for co-authorships? {Patterns} of co-authorship networks in ecology (1977–2016)},
	volume = {116},
	issn = {1588-2861},
	shorttitle = {Why do ecologists search for co-authorships?},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-018-2835-2},
	doi = {10.1007/s11192-018-2835-2},
	abstract = {Here, the pattern of co-authorship among ecologists was evaluated using a network approach that was built using four time periods (1977–1986, 1987–1996, 1997–2006, and 2007–2016). Furthermore, four potential explanations (geographic distance, word similarity, reputation asymmetry, and country development) for this pattern were evaluated. Distance and reputation asymmetry effects on collaboration have decreased in recent decades, whereas word similarity was a good predictor in recent decades. Of interest, country development was not a good predictor of co-authorship among ecologists.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-15},
	journal = {Scientometrics},
	author = {Medina, Anderson Matos},
	month = sep,
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {Ecology, Research collaboration, Co-authorship networks, Homophily},
	pages = {1853--1865},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/WAJZ8CWW/Medina - 2018 - Why do ecologists search for co-authorships Patte.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{finardiEcologyKnowledgesLanguages2022,
	title = {Ecology of knowledges and languages in {Latin} {American} academic production},
	issn = {1809-4465, 0104-4036},
	url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-40362022005003203&tlng=en},
	doi = {10.1590/s0104-40362022003003538},
	abstract = {The Latin American academic production is analyzed relating to its visibility, internationalization, and the ecology of knowledges and languages. Bibliometric tools were used to form a corpus of 2,939 studies in the Scopus database between 2010-2019, analyzed in two dimensions: the output/editorial dimension, and the input/epistemological dimension, focusing on three aspects: (1) evolution per year and per country; (2) most used languages and journals; and (3) international collaborations. The results of the epistemological dimension showed a greater collaboration with authors from the Global North, especially with Spain, the United States and England (in the case of Mexico and Chile) and Portugal (in the case of Brazil). Regarding the quantitative evolution, a steady growth was observed in Latin America, with Brazil occupying the first position. Spanish predominated as the language of publication, although a trend towards English was observed in the second five-year period analyzed, surpassing Portuguese. Taken together, the results of the study suggest that the patterns of academic production in Latin America do not show an ecology of knowledges and languages.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-06-15},
	journal = {Ensaio: Avaliação e Políticas Públicas em Educação},
	author = {Finardi, Kyria Rebeca and França, Claudio and Guimarães, Felipe Furtado},
	month = mar,
	year = {2022},
	file = {Finardi et al. - 2022 - Ecology of knowledges and languages in Latin Ameri.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/DRLCMFNI/Finardi et al. - 2022 - Ecology of knowledges and languages in Latin Ameri.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{shiffmanWhatCanProfessional2022,
	title = {What {Can} {Professional} {Scientific} {Societies} {Do} to {Improve} {Diversity}, {Equity}, and {Inclusion}: {A} {Case} {Study} of the {American} {Elasmobranch} {Society}},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {2504-284X},
	shorttitle = {What {Can} {Professional} {Scientific} {Societies} {Do} to {Improve} {Diversity}, {Equity}, and {Inclusion}},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/feduc.2022.842618},
	abstract = {Scientific professional societies are reviewing diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) practices and policies in response to recent calls for much-needed change. Organizations like scientific professional societies contribute to establishing disciplinary norms, and can influence the diversity of disciplinary workforces in multiple ways through both action and inaction. This paper examines these issues using the American Elasmobranch Society (AES), a medium-sized professional scientific society, as a case study. It consists of three parts: (1) an analysis of the demographics of AES members, leaders, and award winners; (2) an evaluation of a diversity initiative created by the society which includes a survey of program alumni focusing on potential improvements to the program; and (3) a synthesis of recommendations of steps that AES and similarly sized societies can take to better support DEI goals. AES’s membership in recent years is more than half women, but 71.5\% of all leadership positions in the Society’s history (including all but two Presidents) have been held by men since the society was founded in 1983. AES’s membership has significantly fewer Black/African-American members than the United States scientific workforce overall, with just 1 member out of over 400 identifying as Black in 2019, and 86.6\% of Society leadership positions have been held by white-presenting members. The Society’s diversity initiative has led to some limited professional benefits for awardees, but could benefit from additional resources and support to enact suggested expansions and improvements. We provide a series of actionable recommendations that will make the annual meetings of societies like AES, and the field of chondrichthyan science, safer and more inclusive.},
	urldate = {2022-06-15},
	journal = {Frontiers in Education},
	author = {Shiffman, David S. and Arguedas Álvarez, Triana and Bangley, Charles W. and Boyt, Reilly and Côté, Isabelle M. and Daly-Engel, Toby S. and Davis, Alexandra C. D. and Gaskins, Leo C. and Graham, Jasmin and Graham, R. T. and Johri, Shaili and Macdonald, Catherine C. and Paig-Tran, E. W. Misty and Roca, Alberto I. and Schwieterman, Gail D. and Whitenack, Lisa B. and Wiley, Tonya R. and Ferry, Lara A.},
	year = {2022},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/FL43TCYZ/Shiffman et al. - 2022 - What Can Professional Scientific Societies Do to I.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{olsonUserGuideMetaphors2019,
	title = {A {User}’s {Guide} to {Metaphors} {In} {Ecology} and {Evolution}},
	volume = {34},
	issn = {0169-5347},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534719300813},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tree.2019.03.001},
	abstract = {Biologists energetically debate terminology in ecology and evolution, but rarely discuss general strategies for resolving these debates. We suggest focusing on metaphors, arguing that, rather than looking down on metaphors, biologists should embrace these terms as the powerful tools they are. Like any powerful tool, metaphors need to be used mindful of their limitations. We give guidance for recognizing metaphors and summarize their major limitations, which are hiding of important biological detail, ongoing vagueness rather than increasing precision, and seeming real rather than figurative. By keeping these limitations in mind, metaphors like adaptive radiation, adaptive landscape, biological invasion, and the ecological niche can be used to their full potential, powering scientific insight without driving research off the rails.},
	language = {en},
	number = {7},
	urldate = {2022-06-16},
	journal = {Trends in Ecology \& Evolution},
	author = {Olson, Mark E. and Arroyo-Santos, Alfonso and Vergara-Silva, Francisco},
	month = jul,
	year = {2019},
	keywords = {biology, evolution, ecology, metaphors, reification, terminology},
	pages = {605--615},
	file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/VUEQPZVP/S0169534719300813.html:text/html},
}

@article{caviglia-harrisSixDimensionsCollective2021,
	title = {The six dimensions of collective leadership that advance sustainability objectives: rethinking what it means to be an academic leader},
	volume = {26},
	copyright = {© 2021 by the author(s)},
	issn = {1708-3087},
	shorttitle = {The six dimensions of collective leadership that advance sustainability objectives},
	url = {https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol26/iss3/art9/},
	doi = {10.5751/ES-12396-260309},
	abstract = {Caviglia-Harris, J., K. E. Hodges, B. Helmuth, E. M. Bennett, K. Galvin, M. Krebs, K. Lips, M. Lowman, L. A. Schulte, and E. A. G. Schuur. 2021. The six dimensions of collective leadership that advance sustainability objectives: rethinking what it means to be an academic leader. Ecology and Society 26(3):9. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-12396-260309},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-16},
	journal = {Ecology and Society},
	author = {Caviglia-Harris, Jill and Hodges, Karen and Helmuth, Brian and Bennett, Elena and Galvin, Kathleen and Krebs, Margaret and Lips, Karen and Lowman, Meg and Schulte, Lisa and Schuur, Edward},
	month = aug,
	year = {2021},
	note = {Publisher: The Resilience Alliance},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/FGRJNIQK/Caviglia-Harris et al. - 2021 - The six dimensions of collective leadership that a.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/EAN5WKHI/art9.html:text/html},
}

@article{segarraScientificSocietiesFostering2020,
	title = {Scientific societies fostering inclusivity through speaker diversity in annual meeting programming: a call to action},
	volume = {31},
	issn = {1059-1524},
	shorttitle = {Scientific societies fostering inclusivity through speaker diversity in annual meeting programming},
	url = {https://www.molbiolcell.org/doi/10.1091/mbc.E20-06-0381},
	doi = {10.1091/mbc.E20-06-0381},
	abstract = {Scientific societies aiming to foster inclusion of scientists from underrepresented (UR) backgrounds among their membership often delegate primary responsibility for this goal to a diversity-focused committee. The National Science Foundation has funded the creation of the Alliance to Catalyze Change for Equity in STEM Success (ACCESS), a meta-organization bringing together representatives from several such STEM society committees to serve as a hub for a growing community of practice. Our goal is to coordinate efforts to advance inclusive practices by sharing experiences and making synergistic discoveries about what works. ACCESS has analyzed the approaches by which member societies have sought to ensure inclusivity through selection of annual meeting speakers. Here we discuss how inclusive speaker selection fosters better scientific environments for all and identify challenges and promising practices for societies striving to maximize inclusivity of speakers in their scientific programming.},
	number = {23},
	urldate = {2022-06-16},
	journal = {Molecular Biology of the Cell},
	author = {Segarra, Verónica A. and Primus, Clara and Unguez, Graciela A. and Edwards, Ashanti and Etson, Candice and Flores, Sonia C. and Fry, Catherine and Guillory, Ashley N. and Ingram, Susan L. and Lawson, Mark and McGee, Richard and Paxson, Stephanie and Phelan, Laura and Suggs, Kirsta and Vega, Leticia R. and Vuong, Elizabeth and Havran, J. Christopher and Leon, Alfredo and Burton, Michael D. and Lujan, J. Luis and Ramirez-Alvarado, Marina},
	month = nov,
	year = {2020},
	note = {Publisher: American Society for Cell Biology (mboc)},
	pages = {2495--2501},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/SISQYUPL/Segarra et al. - 2020 - Scientific societies fostering inclusivity through.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{rawatCurrentTrendsTropical,
	title = {Current trends in tropical biodiversity research and conservation},
	language = {en},
	author = {Rawat, G S},
	pages = {2},
	file = {Rawat - Current trends in tropical biodiversity research a.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/K99I7U6Q/Rawat - Current trends in tropical biodiversity research a.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{estradaTropicalScientistsEngage2010,
	title = {Tropical {Scientists} {Engage} in {Challenging} {Conservation} {Issues}},
	volume = {3},
	issn = {1940-0829},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/194008291000300209},
	doi = {10.1177/194008291000300209},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-16},
	journal = {Tropical Conservation Science},
	author = {Estrada, Alejandro and Butler, Rhett},
	month = jun,
	year = {2010},
	note = {Publisher: SAGE Publications Inc},
	pages = {i--iv},
	file = {SAGE PDF Full Text:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/ARTU69E8/Estrada and Butler - 2010 - Tropical Scientists Engage in Challenging Conserva.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{alencarScientificProductivityBrazilian2019,
	title = {Scientific {Productivity} of {Brazilian} {Ecological} {Stations}},
	volume = {46},
	issn = {0376-8929, 1469-4387},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/environmental-conservation/article/scientific-productivity-of-brazilian-ecological-stations/9CE239AABED38F3D0DC50E7D01FD7622},
	doi = {10.1017/S0376892919000018},
	abstract = {Protected areas are frequently used loci for ecological and conservation research, with several national/international designations identifying scientific research as a key objective. For example, Ecological Stations (ESs) in Brazil are strictly protected areas with the explicit goals of protecting nature and hosting scientific research. Nevertheless, simply mandating scientific research does not necessarily translate into action. Here, we quantitatively assess the scientific productivity of ESs and identify the main socio-ecological factors associated with different levels of scientific research. Specifically, we adopt a multi-model inference approach with a hurdle regression model to independently evaluate the factors associated with the presence/absence of research and the volume of studies in ESs. Surprisingly, given their stated remit, a large proportion of ESs had little or no scientific productivity. Results also indicate that older ESs were more likely to be associated with published research and that the volume of publications was associated with the number of years since the first article was published. The presence of a management plan and a management council were also significant positive drivers of research. Our results strongly suggest that, despite their clear mandate, ESs are not effectively fulfilling their role as a policy instrument for generating valuable scientific data.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-16},
	journal = {Environmental Conservation},
	author = {Alencar, Heverton and Jepson, Paul and Ladle, Richard J. and Correia, Ricardo and Bragagnolo, Chiara and Malhado, Ana CM and Batista, Vandick S.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2019},
	note = {Publisher: Cambridge University Press},
	keywords = {conservation, biodiversity, bibliometrics, Ecological Stations, PADDD, protected areas, research effort},
	pages = {219--225},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/WLNWHYCT/Alencar et al. - 2019 - Scientific Productivity of Brazilian Ecological St.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/M8ZXDKH2/9CE239AABED38F3D0DC50E7D01FD7622.html:text/html},
}

@article{mammidesIncreasingGeographicDiversity2016,
	title = {Increasing geographic diversity in the international conservation literature: {A} stalled process?},
	volume = {198},
	issn = {0006-3207},
	shorttitle = {Increasing geographic diversity in the international conservation literature},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006320716301173},
	doi = {10.1016/j.biocon.2016.03.030},
	abstract = {Tropical countries are important to conservation because of the threats to the high levels of biodiversity there, but research on conservation science in these mostly developing countries has traditionally been written by foreigners. This disconnect could have serious implications for the practice of conservation, as local scientists can be more effective than foreigners in interacting with practitioners or pushing forward conservation action themselves. These scientists' careers are strengthened by participation in the international literature, and their knowledge about conservation's success in their country provides necessary feedback to the theoretical literature. We assess the past and current status of geographic diversity in the international conservation literature, over 30years and in comparison to other fields, as well as present acceptance rate data from prominent journals, broken down by the country of corresponding authorship. While the proportion of articles in all fields contributed by low and medium income countries increases over time, the percentage of conservation articles contributed by corresponding authors from low income countries is actually declining. Manuscripts by authors from low income countries were less than half as likely to be published as those from high income countries. We present a list of specific policies that journals can implement to reverse these trends, such as having regional editors, providing editing assistance, waiving fees, and seeking locally focused studies from which globally relevant strategies and lessons can be drawn. We also stress that long-term the problem can best be addressed by funding educational institutions that develop young researchers in the tropics.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-06-16},
	journal = {Biological Conservation},
	author = {Mammides, Christos and Goodale, Uromi M. and Corlett, Richard T. and Chen, Jin and Bawa, Kamaljit S. and Hariya, Hetal and Jarrad, Frith and Primack, Richard B. and Ewing, Harry and Xia, Xue and Goodale, Eben},
	month = jun,
	year = {2016},
	keywords = {Conservation education, Conservation funding, Institutional capacity, Peer review process, Publication trends, Sustainable development},
	pages = {78--83},
	file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/ZEPQFLX7/S0006320716301173.html:text/html},
}

@article{gomez-pompaRoleBiodiversityScientists2004,
	title = {The role of biodiversity scientists in a troubled world},
	volume = {54},
	issn = {0006-3568},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0217:TROBSI]2.0.CO;2},
	doi = {10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0217:TROBSI]2.0.CO;2},
	abstract = {Biotic resources are under all kinds of old and new threats. Ecosystem transformation in many areas of high biodiversity has not diminished, in spite of national and international meetings, agreements, and discussions. The main reasons to protect these resources are that little information is available on those we know exist and that the great majority of resources are yet to be discovered. One argument used to convince the general public and governments of the need to preserve biological resources is that there are many potential uses of unknown plants, animals, or micro organisms: New medicines, foods, chemicals, and genes are there to be discovered. Unfortunately, this argument has been overused and, as a result, has created unrealistic expectations of great riches and spurred stringent legal measures to restrict biodiversity research. The limits placed on biodiversity research and on access to biological resources are becoming a major obstacle to scientific discovery. Major projects have been suspended following unjustified criticisms. In this article, I discuss possible explanations for this problem and present some possible solutions.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-06-16},
	journal = {BioScience},
	author = {Gómez-Pompa, Arturo},
	month = mar,
	year = {2004},
	pages = {217--225},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/BCMWZGMI/Gómez-Pompa - 2004 - The Role of Biodiversity Scientists in a Troubled .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/VH4YYYET/223084.html:text/html},
}

@article{driverConstructingTropicsIntroduction2000,
	title = {Constructing the tropics: introduction},
	volume = {21},
	issn = {1467-9493},
	shorttitle = {Constructing the {Tropics}},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-9493.00059},
	doi = {10.1111/1467-9493.00059},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2022-06-16},
	journal = {Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography},
	author = {Driver, Felix and Yeoh, Brenda S.A.},
	year = {2000},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1467-9493.00059},
	pages = {1--5},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/LMJH59VI/Driver and Yeoh - 2000 - Constructing the Tropics Introduction.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/JYF3LQ5I/1467-9493.html:text/html},
}

@incollection{gibsonIntroductionGivingVoice2013,
	title = {Introduction: {Giving} a {Voice} to the {Tropics}},
	isbn = {978-1-118-67983-8},
	shorttitle = {Introduction},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781118679838.ch1},
	abstract = {This introductory chapter of Conservation Biology: Voices from the Tropics provides an overview of the contents discussed in different chapters of the book. The book deals with an apparent paradox: the apparently lush ecosystems of the world's tropics, teeming with life, are exceedingly vulnerable to disturbance and disintegration. The book presents diverse examples of the ways that scientific principles have been applied to the conservation of tropical ecosystems, and the success of these efforts. There are some significant gaps in the coverage in the book. Although many tropical countries are represented, gaps remain particularly in Central America, Andean and northern South America, central and southern Africa, and large parts of Southeast Asia. The book highlights many problems — and some of the potential solutions — facing countries in the tropics, and ultimately every one of us as well.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-06-16},
	booktitle = {Conservation {Biology}},
	publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd},
	author = {Gibson, Luke and Raven, Peter H.},
	year = {2013},
	doi = {10.1002/9781118679838.ch1},
	note = {Section: 1
\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/9781118679838.ch1},
	keywords = {conservation biology, tropical ecosystems},
	pages = {1--3},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/GJ4DMQ4D/9781118679838.html:text/html},
}

@article{richardsProgrammeTropicalBiology1964,
	title = {Towards a programme for tropical biology.},
	issn = {0571-5725},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Bulletin of the Association for Tropical Biology},
	author = {Richards, P. W.},
	year = {1964},
	note = {Publisher: [Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Wiley]},
	pages = {8--15},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/D3JC2WRG/Richards - 1964 - TOWARDS A PROGRAMME FOR TROPICAL BIOLOGY.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{richardsWhatTropicsCan1963,
	title = {What the tropics can contribute to ecology},
	volume = {51},
	issn = {0022-0477},
	doi = {10.2307/2257682},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2022-06-27},
	journal = {Journal of Ecology},
	author = {Richards, P. W.},
	year = {1963},
	note = {Publisher: [Wiley, British Ecological Society]},
	pages = {231--241},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/AUZ9DQVC/Richards - 1963 - What the Tropics Can Contribute to Ecology.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@misc{ColonialOriginsTropical2017,
	title = {The {Colonial} {Origins} of {Tropical} {Field} {Stations}},
	url = {https://www.americanscientist.org/article/the-colonial-origins-of-tropical-field-stations},
	abstract = {To confront persistent geographic and demographic biases in environmental science, researchers must understand the history of their field sites.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-07-01},
	journal = {American Scientist},
	month = jun,
	year = {2017},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/SE8JZZWA/the-colonial-origins-of-tropical-field-stations.html:text/html},
}

@article{monge-najeraCualesSonRevistas2004,
	title = {¿{Cuáles} son las revistas, libros y personas más influyentes en la biología latinoamericana?},
	volume = {52},
	issn = {0034-7744},
	url = {http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0034-77442004000100003&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=es},
	language = {es},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2022-07-05},
	journal = {Revista de Biología Tropical},
	author = {Monge-Nájera, Julián and Benavides-Varela, Catalina and Morera, Bernal},
	month = mar,
	year = {2004},
	note = {Publisher: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0},
	pages = {1--17},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/2V9CURNK/scielo.html:text/html},
}

@article{tennantWebScienceScopus2020,
	title = {Web of {Science} and {Scopus} are not global databases of knowledge},
	volume = {46},
	issn = {2518-3354, 0258-3127},
	url = {https://ese.arphahub.com/article/51987/},
	doi = {10.3897/ese.2020.e51987},
	abstract = {Both Web of Science and Scopus are critical components of the current research ecosystem, providing the basis for university and global rankings as well as for bibliometric research. However, both platforms are structurally biased against research produced in non-Western countries, non-English language research, and research from the arts, humanities, and social sciences. This viewpoint emphasizes the damage that these systematic inequities inflict upon global knowledge production systems and the need for research funders to unite to form a more globally representative, non-profit, community-controlled infrastructure for the global pool of research knowledge.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-07-07},
	journal = {European Science Editing},
	author = {Tennant, Jonathan},
	month = oct,
	year = {2020},
	pages = {e51987},
	file = {Tennant - 2020 - Web of Science and Scopus are not global databases.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/A5GNKH3Y/Tennant - 2020 - Web of Science and Scopus are not global databases.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ramirez-castanedaDisadvantagesPreparingPublishing2020,
	title = {Disadvantages in preparing and publishing scientific papers caused by the dominance of the {English} language in science: {The} case of {Colombian} researchers in biological sciences},
	volume = {15},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	shorttitle = {Disadvantages in preparing and publishing scientific papers caused by the dominance of the {English} language in science},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0238372},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0238372},
	abstract = {The success of a scientist depends on their production of scientific papers and the impact factor of the journal in which they publish. Because most major scientific journals are published in English, success is related to publishing in this language. Currently, 98\% of publications in science are written in English, including researchers from English as a Foreign Language (EFL) countries. Colombia is among the countries with the lowest English proficiency in the world. Thus, understanding the disadvantages that Colombians face in publishing is crucial to reducing global inequality in science. This paper quantifies the disadvantages that result from the language hegemony in scientific publishing by examining the additional costs that communicating in English creates in the production of articles. It was identified that more than 90\% of the scientific articles published by Colombian researchers are in English, and that publishing in a second language creates additional financial costs to Colombian doctoral students and results in problems with reading comprehension, writing ease and time, and anxiety. Rejection or revision of their articles because of the English grammar was reported by 43.5\% of the doctoral students, and 33\% elected not to attend international conferences and meetings due to the mandatory use of English in oral presentations. Finally, among the translation/editing services reviewed, the cost per article is between one-quarter and one-half of a doctoral monthly salary in Colombia. Of particular note, we identified a positive correlation between English proficiency and higher socioeconomic origin of the researcher. Overall, this study exhibits the negative consequences of hegemony of English that preserves the global gap in science. Although having a common language is important for science communication, generating multilinguistic alternatives would promote diversity while conserving a communication channel. Such an effort should come from different actors and should not fall solely on EFL researchers.},
	language = {en},
	number = {9},
	urldate = {2022-07-07},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	author = {Ramírez-Castañeda, Valeria},
	month = sep,
	year = {2020},
	note = {Publisher: Public Library of Science},
	keywords = {Scientific publishing, Scientists, Grammar, Human learning, Language, Multilingualism, Principal component analysis, Salaries},
	pages = {e0238372},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/NDKI38KT/Ramírez-Castañeda - 2020 - Disadvantages in preparing and publishing scientif.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/FYR2ZFVK/article.html:text/html},
}

@misc{huttner-korosWhyScienceUniversal2015,
	title = {Why {Science}'s {Universal} {Language} {Is} a {Problem} for {Research}},
	url = {https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2015/08/english-universal-language-science-research/400919/},
	abstract = {The vast majority of scientific papers today are published in English. What gets lost when other languages get left out?},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-07-07},
	journal = {The Atlantic},
	author = {Huttner-Koros, Adam},
	month = aug,
	year = {2015},
	note = {Section: Science},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/A4F5VWFK/400919.html:text/html},
}

@article{espinPersistentLackInternational2017,
	title = {A persistent lack of international representation on editorial boards in environmental biology},
	volume = {15},
	issn = {1545-7885},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.2002760},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.2002760},
	abstract = {The scholars comprising journal editorial boards play a critical role in defining the trajectory of knowledge in their field. Nevertheless, studies of editorial board composition remain rare, especially those focusing on journals publishing research in the increasingly globalized fields of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). Using metrics for quantifying the diversity of ecological communities, we quantified international representation on the 1985–2014 editorial boards of 24 environmental biology journals. Over the course of 3 decades, there were 3,827 unique scientists based in 70 countries who served as editors. The size of the editorial community increased over time—the number of editors serving in 2014 was 4-fold greater than in 1985—as did the number of countries in which editors were based. Nevertheless, editors based outside the “Global North” (the group of economically developed countries with high per capita gross domestic product [GDP] that collectively concentrate most global wealth) were extremely rare. Furthermore, 67.18\% of all editors were based in either the United States or the United Kingdom. Consequently, geographic diversity—already low in 1985—remained unchanged through 2014. We argue that this limited geographic diversity can detrimentally affect the creativity of scholarship published in journals, the progress and direction of research, the composition of the STEM workforce, and the development of science in Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, and much of Asia (i.e., the “Global South”).},
	language = {en},
	number = {12},
	urldate = {2022-07-14},
	journal = {PLoS Biology},
	author = {Espin, Johanna and Palmas, Sebastian and Carrasco-Rueda, Farah and Riemer, Kristina and Allen, Pablo E. and Berkebile, Nathan and Hecht, Kirsten A. and Kastner-Wilcox, Kay and Núñez-Regueiro, Mauricio M. and Prince, Candice and Rios, Constanza and Ross, Erica and Sangha, Bhagatveer and Tyler, Tia and Ungvari-Martin, Judit and Villegas, Mariana and Cataldo, Tara T. and Bruna, Emilio M.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2017},
	note = {Publisher: Public Library of Science},
	keywords = {Scientific publishing, Scientists, Asia, Geography, Biogeography, Community ecology, Environmental geography, Medical journals},
	pages = {e2002760},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/R26HM5KY/Espin et al. - 2017 - A persistent lack of international representation .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/QXEPDJYV/article.html:text/html},
}

@misc{HowDiversityMakes,
	title = {How {Diversity} {Makes} {Us} {Smarter}},
	url = {https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/how_diversity_makes_us_smarter},
	abstract = {Being around people who are different from us makes us more creative, diligent, and hard-working.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-07-14},
	journal = {Greater Good},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/7TPAGU28/how_diversity_makes_us_smarter.html:text/html},
}

@article{maasWomenGlobalSouth2021,
	title = {Women and {Global} {South} strikingly underrepresented among top-publishing ecologists},
	volume = {14},
	issn = {1755-263X},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/conl.12797},
	doi = {10.1111/conl.12797},
	abstract = {The global scientific community has become increasingly diverse over recent decades, but is this ongoing development also reflected among top-publishing authors and potential scientific leaders? We surveyed 13 leading journals in ecology, evolution, and conservation to investigate the diversity of the 100 top-publishing authors in each journal between 1945 and 2019. Out of 1051 individual top-publishing authors, only 11\% are women. The United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, and Canada account for more than 75\% of top-publishing authors, while countries of the Global South (as well as Russia, Japan, and South Korea) were strikingly underrepresented. The number of top-publishing authors who are women and/or are from the Global South is increasing only slowly over time. We outline transformative actions that scientific communities can take to enhance diversity, equity and inclusion at author, leadership, and society level. The resulting promotion of scientific innovation and productivity is essential for the development of global solutions in conservation science.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2022-07-13},
	journal = {Conservation Letters},
	author = {Maas, Bea and Pakeman, Robin J and Godet, Laurent and Smith, Linnea and Devictor, Vincent and Primack, Richard},
	year = {2021},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/conl.12797},
	keywords = {diversity, global, gender, inclusion, authorship, leadership, publication metrics, national bias, peer-reviewed journals, scientific society},
	pages = {e12797},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/KRH5XXUE/Maas et al. - 2021 - Women and Global South strikingly underrepresented.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/MHB69ZHM/conl.html:text/html},
}

@article{padianTenMythsCharles2009,
	title = {Ten {Myths} about {Charles} {Darwin}},
	volume = {59},
	issn = {0006-3568},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2009.59.9.11},
	doi = {10.1525/bio.2009.59.9.11},
	abstract = {Charles Darwin is one of the most revered (and at times reviled) figures in Western history. A great many “facts” about him and his ideas are the stuff of textbook myths, others are inaccuracies spread by antievolutionists, and still others are conventional historical mistakes long corrected but still repeated. I present 10 such misconceptions, and some quick and necessarily incomplete rebuttals. New scholarship is rapidly clearing away some of these myths.},
	number = {9},
	urldate = {2022-07-13},
	journal = {BioScience},
	author = {Padian, Kevin},
	month = oct,
	year = {2009},
	pages = {800--804},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/5YK7BVWV/Padian - 2009 - Ten Myths about Charles Darwin.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/8JYNM7VL/248702.html:text/html},
}

@misc{clintonMappingWorldBiodiversity,
	title = {Mapping the {World}'s {Biodiversity}},
	url = {https://biodiversitymapping.org/},
	abstract = {Explore the variety of life with the latest biodiversity maps, including birds, mammals, amphibians, and marine species. GIS data available.},
	language = {en-US},
	urldate = {2022-07-13},
	journal = {BiodiversityMapping.org},
	author = {{Clinton}},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/5998VFBA/biodiversitymapping.org.html:text/html},
}

@article{bernardDowngradingDownsizingDegazettement2014,
	title = {Downgrading, {Downsizing}, {Degazettement}, and {Reclassification} of {Protected} {Areas} in {Brazil}},
	volume = {28},
	issn = {0888-8892},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/24480073},
	abstract = {Protected areas (PAs) are key elements for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services. Brazil has the largest PA system in the world, covering approximately 220 million ha. This system expanded rapidly in the mid-1990s to the mid-2000s. Recent events in Brazil, however, have led to an increase in PA downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement (PADDD). Does this reflect a shift in the country's PA policy? We analyzed the occurrence, frequency, magnitude, type, spatial distribution, and causes of changes in PA boundaries and categories in Brazil. We identified 93 PADDD events from 1981 to 2012. Such events increased in frequency since 2008 and were ascribed primarily to generation and transmission of electricity in Amazonia. In Brazilian parks and reserves, 7.3 million ha were affected by PADDD events, and of these, 5.2 million ha were affected by downsizing or degazetting. Moreover, projects being considered by the Federal Congress may degazette 2.1 million ha of PA in Amazonia alone. Relaxing the protection status of existing PAs is proving to be politically easy in Brazil, and the recent increase in frequency and extension of PADDD reflects a change in governmental policy. By taking advantage of chronic deficiencies in financial and personnel resources and surveillance, disputes over land tenure, and the slowness of the Brazilian justice, government agencies have been implementing PADDD without consultation of civil society. If parks and reserves are to maintain their integrity, there will need to be investments in Brazilian PAs and a better understanding of the benefits PAs provide. Las áreas protegidas (APs) son elementos clave para la conservación de la biodiversidad y los servicios ecosistémicos. Brasil tiene el sistema más grande de APs en el mundo, cubriendo aproximadamente 220 millones de hectáreas. Este sistema se expandió rápidamente desde la mitad de los 90s hasta mediados de los 2000s. Sin embargo, los eventos recientes en Brasil han llevado a un incremento en la degradación, reajuste y eliminación de listas (PADDD, en inglés) de las áreas protegidas. ¿Esto refleja un cambio en la política de de APs del país? Analizamos la ocurrencia, la frecuencia, la magnitud, el tipo, la distribución espacial y las causas del cambio en las fronteras y categorías de las APs en Brasil. Identificamos 93 eventos de PADDD desde 1981 hasta 2012. La frecuencia de dichos eventos incrementaron desde 2008 y fueron adscritos principalmente a la generación y transmisión de electricidad en Amazonia. En las reservas y parques brasileños, 7.3 millones de hectáreas fueron afectadas por eventos de PADD, y de estos, 5.2 millones de hectáreas fueron afectadas por el reajuste o la eliminación de las listas. Además, proyectos que están siendo considerados por el Congreso Federal pueden remover 2.1 millones de hectáreas de AP tan solo en Amazonia. Relajar el estado de protección de APs existentes está probando ser políticamente fácil en Brasil, y el incremento reciente en la frecuencia y la extensión de PADDD refleja un cambio en la política gubernamental. Al tomar ventaja de las deficiencias crónicas en los recursos financieros y de personal y en la vigilancia, de las disputas por tenencia de terrenos, y de la lentitud de la justicia brasileña, las agencias de gobierno han estado implementados PADDD son consulta de la sociedad civil. Si los parques y las reservas quieren mantener su integridad, las inversiones en las APs brasileñas serán necesarias junto con un mejor entendimiento de los beneficios que las APs proporcionan.},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2022-07-11},
	journal = {Conservation Biology},
	author = {BERNARD, E. and PENNA, L. A. O. and ARAÚJO, E.},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Publisher: [Wiley, Society for Conservation Biology]},
	pages = {939--950},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/7AQWIY2W/BERNARD et al. - 2014 - Downgrading, Downsizing, Degazettement, and Reclas.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{andradeSucessivosCortesNo,
	title = {Sucessivos cortes no orçamento fragilizam a capacidade de financiamento à pesquisa no {Brasil}},
	language = {pt},
	author = {Andrade, Rodrigo de Oliveira},
	pages = {7},
	file = {Andrade - Sucessivos cortes no orçamento fragilizam a capaci.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/NIT3FBD8/Andrade - Sucessivos cortes no orçamento fragilizam a capaci.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{davisNewDirectionsTropical2022,
	title = {New directions in tropical phenology},
	volume = {37},
	issn = {0169-5347},
	url = {https://www.cell.com/trends/ecology-evolution/abstract/S0169-5347(22)00112-4},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tree.2022.05.001},
	language = {English},
	number = {8},
	urldate = {2022-08-02},
	journal = {Trends in Ecology \& Evolution},
	author = {Davis, Charles C. and Lyra, Goia M. and Park, Daniel S. and Asprino, Renata and Maruyama, Rogério and Torquato, Débora and Cook, Benjamin I. and Ellison, Aaron M.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2022},
	pmid = {35680467},
	note = {Publisher: Elsevier},
	keywords = {climate change, plants, phylogeny, physiology, tropical phenology},
	pages = {683--693},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/FTUYTQHG/Davis et al. - 2022 - New directions in tropical phenology.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/FUKGTGX4/S0169-5347(22)00112-4.html:text/html},
}

@book{robinsonTopicModelingText,
	title = {6 {Topic} modeling {\textbar} {Text} {Mining} with {R}},
	url = {https://www.tidytextmining.com/topicmodeling.html},
	abstract = {In text mining, we often have collections of documents, such as blog posts or news articles, that we’d like to divide into natural groups so that we can understand them separately. Topic modeling...},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-08-02},
	author = {Robinson, Julia Silge {and} David},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/4JLWNAP2/topicmodeling.html:text/html},
}

@misc{DocumentClustering,
	title = {2. document clustering},
	url = {https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/textmineR/vignettes/b_document_clustering.html},
	urldate = {2022-08-02},
	file = {2. document clustering:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/773ETNMF/b_document_clustering.html:text/html},
}

@misc{DataExplorationMachine,
	title = {Data {Exploration} \& {Machine} {Learning}, {Hands}-on},
	url = {https://amunategui.github.io/stringdist/},
	urldate = {2022-08-02},
	file = {Data Exploration & Machine Learning, Hands-on:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/E2DT9RI3/stringdist.html:text/html},
}

@article{haelewatersTenSimpleRules2021,
	title = {Ten simple rules for {Global} {North} researchers to stop perpetuating helicopter research in the {Global} {South}},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {1553-7358},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009277},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009277},
	language = {en},
	number = {8},
	urldate = {2022-08-02},
	journal = {PLoS Computational Biology},
	author = {Haelewaters, Danny and Hofmann, Tina A. and Romero-Olivares, Adriana L.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2021},
	note = {Publisher: Public Library of Science},
	keywords = {Peer review, Scientists, Biodiversity, Research funding, Culture, Indigenous populations, Research ethics, Research grants},
	pages = {e1009277},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/XA99M6PP/Haelewaters et al. - 2021 - Ten simple rules for Global North researchers to s.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/LFU5R64K/article.html:text/html},
}

@misc{ParachuteScienceFalls,
	title = {Parachute science falls to earth},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/nature-index/news-blog/parachute-science-falls-to-earth},
	abstract = {Researchers say more needs to be done to correct past injustices.\ },
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-08-02},
	journal = {Nature Index},
	note = {Cg\_cat: Parachute science falls to earth},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/KPJUIN93/parachute-science-falls-to-earth.html:text/html},
}

@article{robinson1978tropical,
	title = {Is tropical biology real},
	volume = {19},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Tropical Ecology},
	author = {Robinson, Michael H},
	year = {1978},
	pages = {30--52},
}

@book{chazdonFoundationsTropicalForest2001,
	address = {Chicago, IL},
	title = {Foundations of {Tropical} {Forest} {Biology}: {Classic} {Papers} with {Commentaries}},
	isbn = {978-0-226-10225-2},
	shorttitle = {Foundations of {Tropical} {Forest} {Biology}},
	url = {https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/F/bo3637848.html},
	abstract = {Foundations of Tropical Forest Biology presents a timely collection of pioneering work in the study of these diverse and fascinating ecosystems. Modeled on the highly successful Foundations of Ecology, this book consists of facsimiles of papers chosen by world experts in tropical biology as the "classics" in the field. The papers are organized into sections on related topics, each introduced with a discussion of their role in triggering subsequent research. Topics covered include ecological and evolutionary perspectives on the origins of tropical diversity; plant-animal interactions; patterns of species diversity and distribution of arthropods, vertebrates, and plants; forest dynamics and ecosystem ecology; conservation biology; and tropical forest management.Foundations of Tropical Forest Biology makes essential works in the development of tropical biology available in a convenient form to both senior scholars interested in the roots of their discipline and to students encountering the field for the first time, as well as to everyone concerned with tropical conservation.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2023-01-18},
	publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
	editor = {Chazdon, Robin L. and Whitmore, T. C.},
	month = oct,
	year = {2001},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/E9KSEQZW/bo3637848.html:text/html},
}

@article{kainerPartneringGreaterSuccess2009,
	title = {Partnering for greater success: local stakeholders and research in tropical biology and conservation},
	volume = {41},
	issn = {1744-7429},
	shorttitle = {Partnering for {Greater} {Success}},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00560.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00560.x},
	abstract = {Local communities are important stakeholders in resource management and conservation efforts, particularly in the developing world. Although evidence is mixed in suggesting that these resident stakeholders are optimal forest stewards, it is highly unlikely that large tracts of tropical forests will be conserved without engaging local people who depend on them daily for their livelihoods. Stakeholders, who reside in biodiverse ecosystems like tropical forests, are the largest direct users and ultimate decision-makers of forest fate, can be important investors in conservation, harbor local ecological knowledge that complements Western science and frequently have long-term legitimate claims on lands where they reside. Research partnerships with local stakeholders can increase research relevance, enhance knowledge exchange and result in greater conservation success. Different phases of the research cycle present distinct opportunities for partnership, with flexibility in timing, approaches and strategies depending on researcher and local stakeholder needs and interests. Despite being the last step in the research process, dissemination of results can be the best starting point for researchers interested in experimenting with local stakeholder engagement. Still, tropical biologists might not choose to partner with local people because of lack of institutional rewards, insufficient training in stakeholder engagement, insecure research infrastructure in community settings, and time and funding limitations. Although not appropriate in all cases and despite significant challenges, some biological scientists and research institutions have successfully engaged local stakeholders in the research process, proving mutually beneficial for investigators and local people alike and resulting in important innovations in tropical biology and conservation.},
	language = {en},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2023-01-26},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	author = {Kainer, Karen A. and DiGiano, Maria L. and Duchelle, Amy E. and Wadt, Lúcia H. O. and Bruna, Emilio M. and Dain, Jonathan L.},
	year = {2009},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00560.x},
	keywords = {community, dissemination, participatory research, returning results},
	pages = {555--562},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/EENTYNG3/Kainer et al. - 2009 - Partnering for Greater Success Local Stakeholders.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{kainerGraduateEducationFramework2006,
	title = {A graduate education framework for tropical conservation and development},
	volume = {20},
	issn = {1523-1739},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00356.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00356.x},
	abstract = {Abstract: Conventional graduate training related to tropical conservation and development has typically separated the two fields, with students focusing on either conservation from the perspective of the biophysical sciences or development as an extension of the social sciences. On entering the workforce, however, graduates find they are required to work beyond disciplinary boundaries to address the complex interconnectivity between biological conservation and human well-being. We devised a framework for graduate education that broadens students' skill sets to learn outside their immediate disciplines and think in terms of linked socioecological systems, work in teams, communicate in nonacademic formats, and reflect critically on their own perspectives and actions. The University of Florida's Tropical Conservation and Development program has adopted a learning and action platform that blends theory, skills, and praxis to create an intellectual, social, and professionally safe space where students, faculty, and other participants can creatively address the complex challenges of tropical conservation and development. This platform operates within a nondegree-granting program and includes core courses that are taught by a team of biophysical and social scientists. It incorporates a range of alternative learning spaces such as student-led workshops, retreats, visiting professionals, practitioner experiences, and a weekly student-led seminar that collectively encourage students and faculty to enhance their skills and systematically and thoroughly reflect on program activities. Challenges to the described approach include increased service demands on faculty, a redefinition of research excellence to include effective and equitable collaboration with host-country partners, and the trade-offs and uncertainties inherent in more collaborative, interdisciplinary research. Despite these challenges, growing interdisciplinary programs, coupled with adaptive educational approaches that emphasize learning and action networks of students, faculty, and field partners, provide the best hope for responding to the emerging challenges of tropical conservation and development.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2023-01-26},
	journal = {Conservation Biology},
	author = {Kainer, Karen A. and Schmink, Marianne and Covert, Hannah and Stepp, John Richard and Bruna, Emilio M. and Dain, Jonathan L. and Espinosa, Santiago and Humphries, Shoana},
	year = {2006},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00356.x},
	keywords = {alternative learning spaces, collaborative research, educación interdisciplinaria, espacios alternativos de aprendizaje, host-country partnerships, interdisciplinary education, investigación en equipo, investigación orientada a problemas, learning platform, plataforma de aprendizaje, problem-oriented research, sociedades de países anfitriones},
	pages = {3--13},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/VHBLVIIM/Kainer et al. - 2006 - A Graduate Education Framework for Tropical Conser.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/398B4ELW/j.1523-1739.2006.00356.html:text/html},
}

@article{duchelleGraduateStudentsKnowledge2009,
	title = {Graduate students and knowledge exchange with local stakeholders: possibilities and preparation},
	volume = {41},
	issn = {1744-7429},
	shorttitle = {Graduate {Students} and {Knowledge} {Exchange} with {Local} {Stakeholders}},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00563.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00563.x},
	abstract = {Tropical biologists are exploring ways to expand their role as researchers through knowledge exchange with local stakeholders. Graduate students are well positioned for this broader role, particularly when supported by graduate programs. We ask: (1) how can graduate students effectively engage in knowledge exchange during their research; and (2) how can university programs prepare young scientists to take on this partnership role? We present a conceptual framework with three levels at which graduate students can exchange knowledge with stakeholders (information sharing, skill building, and knowledge generation) and discuss limitations of each. Examples of these strategies included disseminating preliminary research results to southern African villages, building research skills of Brazilian undergraduate students through semester-long internships, and jointly developing and implementing a forest ecology research and training program with one community in the Amazon estuary. Students chose strategies based on stakeholders' interests, research goals, and a realistic evaluation of student capacity and skill set. As strategies became more complex, time invested, skills mobilized, and strength of relationships between students and stakeholders increased. Graduate programs can prepare students for knowledge exchange with partners by developing specialized skills training, nurturing external networks, offering funding, maximizing strengths of universities in developed and developing regions through partnership, and evaluating knowledge exchange experiences. While balancing the needs of academia with those of stakeholders is challenging, the benefits of enhancing local scientific capacity and generating more locally relevant research for improved conservation may be worth the risks associated with implementing this type of graduate training model.},
	language = {en},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2023-01-26},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	author = {Duchelle, Amy E. and Biedenweg, Kelly and Lucas, Christine and Virapongse, Arika and Radachowsky, Jeremy and Wojcik, Deborah J. and Londres, Marina and Bartels, Wendy-Lin and Alvira, Diana and Kainer, Karen A.},
	year = {2009},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00563.x},
	keywords = {Brazilian Amazon, collaborative partnerships, graduate education, southern Africa},
	pages = {578--585},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/J26XUPG6/Duchelle et al. - 2009 - Graduate Students and Knowledge Exchange with Loca.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/2352AAML/j.1744-7429.2009.00563.html:text/html},
}

@article{smithScientificImpactNations2014,
	title = {The scientific impact of nations: journal placement and citation performance},
	volume = {9},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0109195},
	abstract = {International collaboration is becoming increasingly important for the advancement of science. To gain a more precise understanding of how factors such as international collaboration influence publication success, we divide publication success into two categories: journal placement and citation performance. Analyzing all papers published between 1996 and 2012 in eight disciplines, we find that those with more countries in their affiliations performed better in both categories. Furthermore, specific countries vary in their effects both individually and in combination. Finally, we look at the relationship between national output (in papers published) and input (in citations received) over the 17 years, expanding upon prior depictions by also plotting an expected proportion of citations based on Journal Placement. Discrepancies between this expectation and the realized proportion of citations illuminate trends in performance, such as the decline of the Global North in response to rapidly developing countries, especially China. Yet, most countries' show little to no discrepancy, meaning that, in most cases, citation proportion can be predicted by Journal Placement alone. This reveals an extreme asymmetry between the opinions of a few reviewers and the degree to which paper acceptance and citation rates influence career advancement.},
	language = {English},
	number = {10},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	author = {Smith, Matthew J. and Weinberger, Cody and Bruna, Emilio M. and Allesina, Stefano},
	month = oct,
	year = {2014},
	note = {Place: 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
Publisher: PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
Type: Article},
	keywords = {Ecology, Bibliometrics, Citation analysis, Scientific publishing, Condensed matter physics, Evolutionary genetics, Theoretical ecology, United States},
	file = {PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/BMJXARLW/Smith et al. - 2014 - The Scientific Impact of Nations Journal Placemen.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@incollection{janzenWhitherTropicalEcology1972,
	address = {New York},
	title = {Whither {Tropical} {Ecology}},
	booktitle = {Challenging {Biological} {Problems}: {Directions} {Toward} {Their} {Solution}},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	author = {Janzen, Daniel},
	editor = {Behnke, John A.},
	year = {1972},
	pages = {281--296},
	file = {Whither Tropical Ecology.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/IVKQRKAZ/Whither Tropical Ecology.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{annanChallengeWorldScientists2003,
	title = {A challenge to the world's scientists},
	volume = {299},
	url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.299.5612.1485},
	doi = {10.1126/science.299.5612.1485},
	number = {5612},
	urldate = {2022-10-25},
	journal = {Science},
	author = {Annan, Kofi},
	month = mar,
	year = {2003},
	note = {Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science},
	pages = {1485--1485},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/Y558MX94/Annan - 2003 - A Challenge to the World's Scientists.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@misc{SouthFloridaCouple,
	title = {South {Florida} couple goes viral on {TikTok}, now selling exotic fruit online – {WSVN} {7News} {\textbar} {Miami} {News}, {Weather}, {Sports} {\textbar} {Fort} {Lauderdale}},
	url = {https://wsvn.com/entertainment/south-florida-couple-goes-viral-on-tiktok-now-selling-exotic-fruit-online/},
	urldate = {2023-03-14},
	file = {South Florida couple goes viral on TikTok, now selling exotic fruit online – WSVN 7News | Miami News, Weather, Sports | Fort Lauderdale:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/KAN2VQHQ/south-florida-couple-goes-viral-on-tiktok-now-selling-exotic-fruit-online.html:text/html},
}

@misc{kuteskoAdidasShowsChanging2014,
	title = {Adidas shows the changing face of {Brazil} with tropical collection},
	url = {http://theconversation.com/adidas-shows-the-changing-face-of-brazil-with-tropical-collection-26546},
	abstract = {A row of ripe orange pineapples with green stalks, blossoms of fresh white orchids amid verdant foliage. A tranquil sunset of turquoise green, fuchsia pink and deep purple, a flock of yellow-beaked toucans…},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2023-03-14},
	journal = {The Conversation (available at http://theconversation.com/adidas-shows-the-changing-face-of-brazil-with-tropical-collection-26546)},
	author = {Kutesko, Elizabeth},
	month = may,
	year = {2014},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/5V4PVFGI/adidas-shows-the-changing-face-of-brazil-with-tropical-collection-26546.html:text/html},
}

@article{yongReelConservationCan2011,
	title = {Reel conservation: {Can} big screen animations save tropical biodiversity?},
	volume = {4},
	issn = {1940-0829},
	shorttitle = {Reel conservation},
	url = {https://bioone.org/journals/tropical-conservation-science/volume-4/issue-3/194008291100400302/Reel-conservation-Can-big-screen-animations-save-tropical-biodiversity/10.1177/194008291100400302.full},
	doi = {10.1177/194008291100400302},
	abstract = {Outreach and education on conservation issues are crucial elements of successful conservation programmes. Big screen animations have a global reach, yet are not fully capitalised by conservationists and there remains great potential in developing them into powerful biodiversity and conservation education outreach tools despite known shortfalls and limitations in scientific value. We reviewed recent major animated features with multiple conservation themes (e.g. extinction, wildlife trade, ex-situ conservation) and that especially feature tropical biodiversity, especially endemics, charismatic flagships or threatened species in authentic natural settings. We acknowledge that while the potential to develop them into effective biodiversity and conservation education tools is undoubted and there are recent examples, there is a crucial need to complement them with supporting educational materials, campaigns and activities. Partnerships between the animation studios, conservation NGOs and local stakeholders will be integral to effect this.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2023-03-14},
	journal = {Tropical Conservation Science},
	author = {Yong, Ding Li and Fam, Shun Deng and Lum, Shawn},
	month = sep,
	year = {2011},
	note = {Publisher: SAGE Publishing},
	pages = {244--253},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/Q7KB4NIX/Yong et al. - 2011 - Reel conservation Can big screen animations save .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{albertTwentyMostCharismatic2018,
	title = {The twenty most charismatic species},
	volume = {13},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0199149},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0199149},
	abstract = {Charisma is a term commonly used in conservation biology to describe species. However, as the term “charismatic species” has never been properly defined, it needs to be better characterized to fully meet its potential in conservation biology. To provide a more complete depiction, we collected information from four different sources to define the species currently considered to be the most charismatic and to understand what they represent to the Western public. First, we asked respondents of two separate surveys to identify the 10 animal species that they considered to be the most charismatic and associate them with one to six traits: Rare, Endangered, Beautiful, Cute, Impressive, and Dangerous. We then identified the wild animals featured on the website homepages of the zoos situated in the world’s 100 largest cities as well as on the film posters of all Disney and Pixar films, assuming in both cases that the most charismatic species were generally chosen to attract viewers. By combining the four approaches, we set up a ranked list of the 20 most charismatic animals. The majority are large exotic, terrestrial mammals. These species were deemed charismatic, mainly because they were regarded as beautiful, impressive, or endangered, although no particular trait was discriminated, and species were heterogeneously associated with most of the traits. The main social characteristics of respondents did not have a significant effect on their choices. These results provide a concrete list of the most charismatic species and offer insights into the Western public’s perception of charismatic species, both of which could be helpful to target new species for conservation campaigns.},
	language = {en},
	number = {7},
	urldate = {2023-03-14},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	author = {Albert, Céline and Luque, Gloria M. and Courchamp, Franck},
	month = jul,
	year = {2018},
	note = {Publisher: Public Library of Science},
	keywords = {Conservation biology, Conservation science, Language, Endangered species, Eagles, Mammals, Species delimitation, Surveys},
	pages = {e0199149},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/CVJDW2CC/Albert et al. - 2018 - The twenty most charismatic species.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{regoEthnozoologyMediatingKnowledge2021,
	title = {Ethnozoology {Mediating} {Knowledge} {About} {Sea} {Turtles} and {Environmental} {Education} {Strategies} in the {North}-{Central} {Coast} of {Rio} {De} {Janeiro}, {Brazil}},
	volume = {14},
	issn = {1940-0829},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/19400829211023265},
	doi = {10.1177/19400829211023265},
	abstract = {Natural environment has undergone rapid transformations, primarily attributed to human actions that threaten ecosystems' balance. Understanding the relationship between humans and nature is essential to generate effective strategies for sustainably using resources. In this study, we analyzed the environmental perception and knowledge about the biology of sea turtles through 120 informal interviews with visitors at beaches on the north-central coast of Rio de Janeiro state. Residents noticed garbage more often than tourists, as did women and younger individuals. The perception of initiatives necessary to increase the preservation of the beaches was higher for people with higher education. In general, there were no differences in biological knowledge about sea turtles between residents, tourists and people who work or study at the cities. The results point to the need for oceanic education strategies that can help raise environmental awareness through long-term conservation programs.},
	urldate = {2023-03-14},
	journal = {Tropical Conservation Science},
	author = {Rêgo, Raísa da Silva Costa and Cutrim, Caio Henrique Gonçalves and Miranda, Amanda Soares and Campos, Juliana Loureiro Almeida and Araújo, Vinícius Albano},
	month = jan,
	year = {2021},
	note = {Publisher: SAGE Publications Inc},
	pages = {19400829211023265},
	file = {SAGE PDF Full Text:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/9GQK5T2D/Rêgo et al. - 2021 - Ethnozoology Mediating Knowledge About Sea Turtles.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@incollection{moreiraTamarProjectConservation2017,
	address = {Cham},
	series = {Geoheritage, {Geoparks} and {Geotourism}},
	title = {Tamar {Project}: conservation and education in ecotourism activities related to turtles in {Fernando} de {Noronha} {Archipelago}, {Brazil}},
	isbn = {978-3-319-55574-4},
	shorttitle = {Tamar {Project}},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55574-4_10},
	abstract = {The TAMAR Project (Marine Turtle Project) has focused on the research and conservation of sea turtles along the Brazilian coast since 1980, with 23 research bases and nine visitor centers throughout the country. On the archipelago of Fernando de Noronha (Northeast of Brazil), the TAMAR works since 1984, because it is a strategic location for food and nesting of these kind of turtles. Fernando de Noronha is one of the country’s leading ecotourism destinations. It is a National Park, a Biosphere Reserve, and a proposed UNESCO Geopark project is being developed. The turtles were important in the recognition of the area as a World Heritage Site, also designated by UNESCO. In Noronha, TAMAR’s efforts are in scientific research activities, conservation and management, environmental education, awareness, and community action. Understanding the importance of environmental awareness, the TAMAR project develops various activities that allow participation by the public. These include turtle nest openings, “tartarugada” (activity during the night, when the turtle makes nest on the beaches) and intentional capture of sea turtles. There are nightly exhibitions and environmental education talks at the Visitor Center. During the daylight hours, the team seeks out and captures turtles by diving and snorkeling for the sole purpose of research to support the sustainability of the turtles. Tourists have the opportunity to follow this exciting field research, and they are encouraged to take pictures and interact with the turtles. This high degree of interaction develops awareness about the importance of field research and the importance of conservation and research in Noronha.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2023-03-14},
	booktitle = {Wildlife {Tourism}, {Environmental} {Learning} and {Ethical} {Encounters}: {Ecological} and {Conservation} {Aspects}},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	author = {Moreira, Jasmine Cardozo and Robles, Rafael Azevedo},
	editor = {Borges de Lima, Ismar and Green, Ronda J.},
	year = {2017},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-55574-4_10},
	keywords = {Conservation, Environmental education, Ecotourism, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Turtles},
	pages = {169--181},
}

@article{meloFootballBiodiversityConservation2014,
	title = {Football and biodiversity conservation: {FIFA} and {Brazil} can still hit a green goal},
	volume = {46},
	issn = {1744-7429},
	shorttitle = {Football and {Biodiversity} {Conservation}},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/btp.12114},
	doi = {10.1111/btp.12114},
	abstract = {Resumo A seleção do tatu-bola (Tolypeutes tricinctus), uma espécie endêmica e ameaçada do Brasil como o mascote oficial da Copa do Mundo FIFA 2014 é significativa e representa uma grande oportunidade para engajar os parceiros do maior evento esportivo do mundo emu ma agenda efetiva de conservação. Frente ao mal estado de conservação da espécie escolhida e de seu habitat principal, a Caatinga do nordeste do Brasil, nós encorajamos a FIFA e o Governo Brasileiro a incorporarem três ações conservacionistas concretas no legado prometido para a Copa. Ainda há tempo para um grande gol ambiental e provocamos a FIFA e o Brasil a estabelecerem uma meta ambiciosa: para cada gol marcado na Copa, ao menos 1000 hectares de Caatinga devem ser protegidos como parques e reservas.},
	language = {pt},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2023-03-14},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	author = {Melo, Felipe P. and Siqueira, José A. and Santos, Bráulio A. and Álvares-da-Silva, Orione and Ceballos, Gerardo and Bernard, Enrico},
	year = {2014},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/btp.12114},
	keywords = {armadillo, Caatinga, environmental policy, legacy, soccer, sports events},
	pages = {257--259},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/W83N96YW/btp.html:text/html},
}

@article{sartore-baldwinExaminingSportFans2019,
	title = {Examining sport fans and the endangered species who represent their affiliated team mascots},
	volume = {29},
	issn = {1568-5306, 1063-1119},
	url = {https://brill.com/view/journals/soan/29/3/article-p268_3.xml},
	doi = {10.1163/15685306-12341605},
	abstract = {Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship sport fans have with their mascots when represented by a nonhuman animal who is a member of an endangered species group. Adopting a shared responsibility perspective, this study examined the level of knowledge sport fans possess about their endangered species mascot and how sport fan identity might impact one’s desire to learn more. Findings supported the hypothesis that highly identified fans would want to learn more about the endangered species, thus suggesting that sport organizations may be in an advantageous position to create change through organizational initiatives and practices involving partner organizations and in-house conservation efforts.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2023-03-14},
	journal = {Society \& Animals},
	author = {Sartore-Baldwin, Melanie and McCullough, Brian},
	month = mar,
	year = {2019},
	note = {Publisher: Brill},
	keywords = {endangered species, fan identity, nonhuman animals, sport mascots},
	pages = {268--286},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/G35CF8BY/Sartore-Baldwin and McCullough - 2019 - Examining Sport Fans and the Endangered Species Wh.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{zettlemoyerWhatAreWe2023,
	title = {What are we reading? {Hot} {Topics} and {Authorship} in {Ecology} {Literature} {Across} {Decades}},
	volume = {104},
	issn = {2327-6096},
	shorttitle = {What are we reading?},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/bes2.2025},
	doi = {10.1002/bes2.2025},
	abstract = {As the field of ecology evolves, analyses synthesizing trends in key topics addressed over the decades can provide historical context for the development of novel theories and methods, identify “hot topics” over time, and guide future research directions. Such syntheses in a field that aims to diversify can also help quantify efforts to increase representation and authorship by underrepresented groups in STEM. To identify hot topics in ecology, we analyzed key themes in the top-cited ecology papers in three two-decade timeframes spanning 1960–2019. We also analyzed authorship trends (gender identity and nationality) in the top-cited papers. We documented a shift from descriptive studies in single biological systems in the 1960–1970, to more synthesis-based papers and studies discussing human impacts on the environment in the 1980–1990, while the 2000s were dominated by novel quantitative and macroecological approaches. The top-cited papers were overwhelmingly from the United States and Europe, highlighting the need to make studies from across the globe more visible and accessible in the ecological literature. Finally, we detected a trend for more papers led by women authors, but a decline in papers with women last authors, indicating a need to retain women in leadership positions. Overall, our hot topics analysis highlights the expanding breadth and quantitative nature of ecology, but illustrates barriers to diversity in the perspectives represented in the top-cited papers.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2023-05-11},
	journal = {The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America},
	author = {Zettlemoyer, Meredith A. and Cortijo-Robles, Karina M. and Srodes, Nicholas and Johnson, Sarah E.},
	year = {2023},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/bes2.2025},
	keywords = {collaboration, ecology, gender, authorship, hot topics, literature synthesis, nationality, senior author, top-cited studies, undergraduate research},
	pages = {e02025},
	file = {downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/7NTIZJV6/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/6ZNR46JK/Zettlemoyer et al. - 2023 - What are we reading Hot Topics and Authorship in .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{brunaHeliconiaAcuminataReproductive2004e,
	title = {\textit{ {Heliconia} acuminata } reproductive success is independent of local floral density},
	volume = {34},
	issn = {0044-5967},
	url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672004000300012&lng=en&tlng=en},
	doi = {10.1590/S0044-59672004000300012},
	abstract = {Reproductive plants in tropical forests are patchily distributed, with some in large aggregations of reproductive consepecifics while others are relatively isolated. This variation in floral density is hypothesized to have a major effect on plant reproductive success, since individuals in higher density neighborhoods can attract more or higher quality pollinators. We experimentally tested this hypothesis with populations of the understory herb Heliconia acuminata in central Amazonia. We created replicated plots in which reproductive plant density spanned the range of naturally occurring floral neighborhood size, then measured three surrogates of plant fitness in focal plants in each array. There was no significant difference between any of the three floral neighborhood treatments in total seed production, fruit set, or the number of seeds produced per fruit. Pollinator visitation rates to plants in all treatments were extremely low, with many plants not visited at all during the observation period. This could be because H. acuminata’s hummingbird pollinators are unable to find the widely scattered reproductive plants, however this hypothesis appears unlikely. Instead, natural flowering plant densities may simply be below the threshold value at which neighborhood effects become important, even in “high-density” aggregations. Nutrient limitation, selective fruit abortion, and reproduction via male rather than female function may also be playing a role. We argue the absence of neighborhood effects may be a general phenomenon in central Amazonian forests, though additional experiments with other plant-pollinator systems are needed to determine the extent to which this hypothesis is supported.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2022-10-12},
	journal = {Acta Amazonica},
	author = {Bruna, Emilio M. and Kress, W. John and Marques, Francisco and Silva, Osmaildo Ferreira da},
	month = sep,
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {Phaethornis, pollinator limitation, resource limitation, transplants},
	pages = {467--471},
	file = {Bruna et al. - 2004 - Heliconia acuminata reproductive success is indepe.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/4P4EGPS5/Bruna et al. - 2004 - Heliconia acuminata reproductive success is indepe.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{bairleinCrosshemisphereMigration252012,
	title = {Cross-hemisphere migration of a 25 g songbird},
	volume = {8},
	url = {https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsbl.2011.1223},
	doi = {10.1098/rsbl.2011.1223},
	abstract = {The northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe) is a small (approx. 25 g), insectivorous migrant with one of the largest ranges of any songbird in the world, breeding from the eastern Canadian Arctic across Greenland, Eurasia and into Alaska (AK). However, there is no evidence that breeding populations in the New World have established overwintering sites in the Western Hemisphere. Using light-level geolocators, we demonstrate that individuals from these New World regions overwinter in northern sub-Sahara Africa, with Alaskan birds travelling approximately 14 500 km each way and an eastern Canadian Arctic bird crossing a wide stretch of the North Atlantic (approx. 3500 km). These remarkable journeys, particularly for a bird of this size, last between one to three months depending on breeding location and season (autumn/spring) and result in mean overall migration speeds of up to 290 km d−1. Stable-hydrogen isotope analysis of winter-grown feathers sampled from breeding birds generally support the notion that Alaskan birds overwinter primarily in eastern Africa and eastern Canadian Arctic birds overwinter mainly in western Africa. Our results provide the first evidence of a migratory songbird capable of linking African ecosystems of the Old World with Arctic regions of the New World.},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2023-09-11},
	journal = {Biology Letters},
	author = {Bairlein, Franz and Norris, D. Ryan and Nagel, Rolf and Bulte, Marc and Voigt, Christian C. and Fox, James W. and Hussell, David J. T. and Schmaljohann, Heiko},
	month = feb,
	year = {2012},
	note = {Publisher: Royal Society},
	keywords = {Africa, geolocator, northern wheatear, stable-hydrogen isotopes},
	pages = {505--507},
}

@article{webbBiologyTropics1960,
	title = {Biology in the {Tropics}},
	volume = {188},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/188617a0},
	doi = {10.1038/188617a0},
	number = {4751},
	journal = {Nature},
	author = {Webb, J. E.},
	month = nov,
	year = {1960},
	pages = {617--619},
	file = {Biology in the Tropics  Nature.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/RAE5UUSL/Biology in the Tropics  Nature.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{TropicalBotany1907,
	title = {Tropical {Botany}},
	volume = {75},
	copyright = {1907 Springer Nature Limited},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/075524a0},
	doi = {10.1038/075524a0},
	abstract = {AN interesting number of the Annals of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya (London: Dulau and Co.), has just appeared. In the first paper Mr. R. H. Lock gives the third instalment of his work on plant-sbreeding in the tropics, dealing with maize. Unlike some Mendelian experiments, the results have been obtained with large numbers, and on a total, for instance, of 111,697 seeds, the result was 50.17 against an expectation of 50.11. The second paper is by Mr. T. Petch, on the fungi of the nests of the common termites, or white ants, of Ceylon, a worthy successor of Möller's classical paper on the fungi of the leaf-cutting ants of South America. He has worked out in detail the entire life-histories of the fungi, and shows that while the regular “fungus is a Volvaria (already described elsewhere, as are so many of the tropical fungi that have only been worked at in Europe, under at least six genera), the garden also contains “weeds,” one of which, at least, a Xylaria, is impossible of eradication by the ants. incidentally, grave doubt is thrown on Möller's theory of selection of the fungus by the ants, for the “Kohl-rabi heads” occur in the termite nests in an even more perfect and complex form than in the leaf cutters nests, and yet the same form appears on an allied outside fungus not cultivated by the ants. The paper is well illustrated.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1952},
	urldate = {2023-09-29},
	journal = {Nature},
	month = mar,
	year = {1907},
	note = {Number: 1952
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	keywords = {Science, multidisciplinary, Humanities and Social Sciences},
	pages = {524--524},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/HY3GAPZY/1907 - Tropical Botany.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/CAF3KM9N/075524a0.html:text/html},
}

@article{hodgeBiologicalResearchCentres1962,
	title = {Biological {Research} {Centres} in {Tropical} {America}},
	issn = {0571-5725},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/45132456},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2023-09-29},
	journal = {Bulletin (Association for Tropical Biology)},
	author = {Hodge, W. H. and Keck, D. D.},
	year = {1962},
	note = {Publisher: [Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Wiley]},
	pages = {107--120},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/FJ9TBZCA/Hodge and Keck - 1962 - Biological Research Centres in Tropical America.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{chapmanNeedDevelopmentTropical1945,
	title = {Need for development of tropical ecological studies},
	volume = {156},
	copyright = {1945 Springer Nature Limited},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/156627a0},
	doi = {10.1038/156627a0},
	abstract = {THE development of the Colonies in respect of their plant resources should be at the present a matter of considerable importance, and anything which may hinder that development equally a matter of concern. As a result of numerous discussions between ourselves, and in the light of our varied experiences and contacts, we believe that a widening and broadening of tropical ecology is essential, especially in so far as it affects the workers in the field and the teachers in British universities. We have all come to the conclusion that our previous ideas or knowledge of tropical ecology gained from British universities were faulty in one or more important particulars. These misconceptions can be ascribed in part to a lack of balance in the academic teaching.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3969},
	urldate = {2024-01-18},
	journal = {Nature},
	author = {Chapman, V. J. and Flemmich, C. O. and Griffith, A. L. and Harley, J. L. and Hobbins, R. and Holmes, C. H. and De Rosayro, C. and Wyatt-Smith, J.},
	month = nov,
	year = {1945},
	note = {Number: 3969
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	keywords = {Science, multidisciplinary, Humanities and Social Sciences},
	pages = {627--628},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/U8TRD5TI/Chapman et al. - 1945 - Need for Development of Tropical Ecological Studie.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{richardsNeedDevelopmentTropical1946,
	title = {Need for the development of tropical ecological stations},
	volume = {157},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	doi = {10.1038/157377a0},
	abstract = {THE letter of Dr. V. J. Chapman and his associates in Nature of November 24, 1945, will be warmly welcomed by all who, like myself, have endeavoured to contribute to the study of tropical ecology. The necessity of fundamental ecological knowledge to the progress of forestry and agriculture, in fact to any rational scheme of land utilization in the tropics, is so clear that it need not be further argued ; it is also evident that much of our current teaching in ecology, as well as in other branches of biology, would be set in a truer perspective if more consideration were given to tropical vegetation and the conditions for plant growth in the tropics. As van Steenis1 has pointed out, in attempting to study vegetation and to arrive at generalizations which will serve to relate the various plant communities to one another, it would be more logical to begin with the floristically rich vegetation of the tropics than, as we now do, with the impoverished vegetation of northern Europe and North America. W. H. Brown2 wrote in much the same strain in 1919.},
	number = {3986},
	journal = {Nature},
	author = {Richards, P. W.},
	month = mar,
	year = {1946},
	pages = {377--377},
	file = {Richards - 1946 - Need for the development of tropical ecological st.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/HUBM66GT/Richards - 1946 - Need for the development of tropical ecological st.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{cornerNeedDevelopmentTropical1946,
	title = {Need for the development of tropical ecological stations},
	volume = {157},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/157377b0},
	doi = {10.1038/157377b0},
	abstract = {IN Nature of November 24, a letter appeared concerning the need for the development of tropical ecology, with a suggestion for co-operation from tropical foresters. My experience in Malaya during the last sixteen years tells me that this appeal is only a small part of a much greater problem and no way to succeed. The need is for the development of tropical biology in every branch by 'pure', not applied, biologists in proper biological institutes in the tropics.},
	number = {3986},
	journal = {Nature},
	author = {Corner, E. J. H.},
	month = mar,
	year = {1946},
	pages = {377--377},
	file = {CORNER - 1946 - Need for the Development of Tropical Ecological St.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/RXGQ5ZY9/CORNER - 1946 - Need for the Development of Tropical Ecological St.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{andersonTrendsEcologyConservation2021,
	title = {Trends in ecology and conservation over eight decades},
	volume = {19},
	copyright = {© 2021 Crown copyright. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of the Ecological Society of America.},
	issn = {1540-9309},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/fee.2320},
	doi = {10.1002/fee.2320},
	abstract = {The fields of ecology and conservation have evolved rapidly over the past century. Synthesizing larger trends in these disciplines remains a challenge yet is critical to bridging subdisciplines, guiding research, and informing educational frameworks. Here, we provide what we believe is the largest full-text culturomic analysis of ecology and conservation journals, covering 80 years, 52 journals, and half a billion words. Our analysis illuminates the boom-and-bust of ecological hypotheses and theories; the adoption of statistical, genetic, and social-science approaches; and the domination of terms that have emerged in recent decades (eg climate change, invasive species, ecosystem services, meta-analysis, and supplementary material, which largely replaced unpublished data). We track the evolution of ecology from a largely descriptive field focused on natural history and observational studies to a more data-driven, multidisciplinary field focused on applied environmental issues. Overall, our analysis highlights the increasing breadth of the field, illustrating that there is room for more diversity of ecologists and conservationists today than ever before.},
	language = {en},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2024-01-18},
	journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment},
	author = {Anderson, Sean C and Elsen, Paul R and Hughes, Brent B and Tonietto, Rebecca K and Bletz, Molly C and Gill, David A and Holgerson, Meredith A and Kuebbing, Sara E and McDonough MacKenzie, Caitlin and Meek, Mariah H and Veríssimo, Diogo},
	year = {2021},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/fee.2320},
	pages = {274--282},
	file = {downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/HIF4SVT7/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/YX6ENXUA/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/XNT46VRJ/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/AX5H78TG/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/X6N6NEJ8/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/JRGWL6ML/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/PJGLPDND/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/KXZD3H86/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/B46SUCF7/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/6DR77289/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/EGM2YMY9/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/XY8RMXHM/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/9NXT8IN4/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/CRP2SZ7M/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/IVMSV7XW/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/ZQVU29RJ/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/P8J36RSZ/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/5SH8UPCC/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/UIXRJZBW/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;downloadSupplement.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/TAZ7FF9H/downloadSupplement.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/D8QYKKX6/Anderson et al. - 2021 - Trends in ecology and conservation over eight deca.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/DX78LESI/fee.html:text/html},
}

@article{buechnerContributionWorldProgram1967,
	title = {A contribution toward a world program in tropical biology},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {0006-3568},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.2307/1294010},
	doi = {10.2307/1294010},
	abstract = {A conference on tropical biology was held in Panama to develop and clarify objectives of the Smithsonian Institution program in tropical biology and to consider the ecological implications of the construction of the proposed sea-level interoceanic canal. Guidelines were formulated for recommended ecological investigations to be made before, during, and after such construction.},
	number = {8},
	urldate = {2024-01-18},
	journal = {BioScience},
	author = {Buechner, Helmut K. and Fosberg, F. Raymond},
	month = aug,
	year = {1967},
	pages = {532--538},
	file = {Buechner1967.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/JLPK44KR/Buechner1967.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/5GZR656R/247280.html:text/html},
}

@article{monge-najeraThirtyfiveYearsTropical1988,
	title = {Thirty-five years of {Tropical} biology: a quantitative history},
	volume = {36},
	copyright = {Copyright (c) 1988 Revista de Biología Tropical},
	issn = {2215-2075},
	shorttitle = {Thirty-five years of {Tropical} biology},
	url = {https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/23679},
	abstract = {Citation indices are unappropriated measures of scientific output and impact. For that reason, nonparametric statistics were preferred to analyze 35 years of publication on Tropical biology in the Revista de Biología Tropical. The most frequent subjects are animal taxonomy, human biology -including medicine- ecology and animal behavior. Botany papers are less frequent and mainly deal with morphology and taxonomy. Applied studies are not predominant. In that period, only one case of unethical experimentation with humans was discovered in a paper of Mexican origin. The proportion of foreign institutions publishing in the journal has increased from 23\% (1953-1963) to 50\% in the last decade; similarly, the number of studies done in the Neotropics is on the rise. English and Spanish are equally frequent, although English is the basic language of ethology and evolution and Spanish predominantes in papers on animal morphology and parasitology. Most Costa Rican authors publish in Spanish, in contrast with many of their Latin American colleages. In recent years, there is a tendency to publish shorter papers written by more than one author. The Revista de Biología Tropical, covered by 18 data bases, accounts for most exchanges and sales in the Universidad de Costa Rica and has worldwide distribution.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2B},
	urldate = {2024-01-18},
	journal = {Revista de Biología Tropical},
	author = {Monge-Nájera, Julian and Díaz, Lizeth},
	month = nov,
	year = {1988},
	note = {Number: 2B},
	pages = {347--359},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/LGPWRA9G/Monge-Nájera and Díaz - 1988 - Thirty-five years of Tropical biology a quantitat.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{castrotorresNorthSouthNaming2022,
	title = {North and {South}: {Naming} practices and the hidden dimension of global disparities in knowledge production},
	volume = {119},
	issn = {0027-8424, 1091-6490},
	shorttitle = {North and {South}},
	url = {https://pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2119373119},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.2119373119},
	abstract = {Significance
            Contemporary social sciences aim to be diverse and inclusive, but traces of the historical dominance of Western European and North American academic institutions persist in scientific practices. One such practice is the phrasing of article titles. Our analysis shows that articles studying the global North are systematically less likely to mention the name of the country they study in their title compared to articles on the global South. This constitutes, potentially, an unwarranted claim on universality and may lead to lesser recognition of global South studies. Social and behavioral scientists must reflect on the phrasing of their article titles to avoid reproducing harmful relations of intellectual domination which limit inclusivity and constitute a barrier to the generalizability of scientific knowledge.
          , 
            The legacy of Eurocentrism continues to affect knowledge production in the social sciences. Evidence produced in and about the global North is assumed to be more “universal,” whereas evidence from or produced in the global South is considered valid only for specific contexts (i.e., “localized”). We argue that these dynamics are evident in the phrasing of articles’ titles based on the examination of more than half a million social science research articles indexed by Scopus (1996 to 2020). We find that empirical articles written by authors affiliated to institutions of the global North, using data from these countries, are less likely to include a concrete geographical reference in their titles. When authors are affiliated to global South institutions, and use evidence from global South countries, the names of these countries are more likely to be part of the article’s title. We confirm this overarching pattern by looking at 1) differences between world regions, 2) differences within world regions, and 3) patterns in 23 social science subfields. These gaps are large and consistent, yet article naming conventions are merely the “tip of the iceberg” of the imbalances in knowledge production between the global North and South.},
	language = {en},
	number = {10},
	urldate = {2024-01-18},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	author = {Castro Torres, Andrés F. and Alburez-Gutierrez, Diego},
	month = mar,
	year = {2022},
	pages = {e2119373119},
	file = {Castro Torres and Alburez-Gutierrez - 2022 - North and South Naming practices and the hidden d.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/SN42SHJT/Castro Torres and Alburez-Gutierrez - 2022 - North and South Naming practices and the hidden d.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{amanoLanguagesAreStill2016,
	title = {Languages are still a major barrier to global science},
	volume = {14},
	issn = {1545-7885},
	url = {https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2000933},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.2000933},
	language = {en},
	number = {12},
	urldate = {2024-01-18},
	journal = {PLoS Biology},
	author = {Amano, Tatsuya and González-Varo, Juan P. and Sutherland, William J.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2016},
	pages = {e2000933},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/8F54L2G9/Amano et al. - 2016 - Languages Are Still a Major Barrier to Global Scie.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{smithPeerReviewPerpetuates2023,
	title = {Peer review perpetuates barriers for historically excluded groups},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {2397-334X},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-023-01999-w},
	doi = {10.1038/s41559-023-01999-w},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2024-01-18},
	journal = {Nature Ecology \& Evolution},
	author = {Smith, Olivia M. and Davis, Kayla L. and Pizza, Riley B. and Waterman, Robin and Dobson, Kara C. and Foster, Brianna and Jarvey, Julie C. and Jones, Leonard N. and Leuenberger, Wendy and Nourn, Nan and Conway, Emily E. and Fiser, Cynthia M. and Hansen, Zoe A. and Hristova, Ani and Mack, Caitlin and Saunders, Alyssa N. and Utley, Olivia J. and Young, Moriah L. and Davis, Courtney L.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2023},
	pages = {512--523},
	file = {Smith et al. - 2023 - Peer review perpetuates barriers for historically .pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/6JJKBT9F/Smith et al. - 2023 - Peer review perpetuates barriers for historically .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{wrightSmithsonianTropicalResearch2020,
	title = {The {Smithsonian} {Tropical} {Research} {Institute}: {A} century of ecological and applied research},
	volume = {252},
	issn = {0006-3207},
	shorttitle = {The {Smithsonian} {Tropical} {Research} {Institute}},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006320720309162},
	doi = {10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108858},
	abstract = {The mission of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) is to increase “…knowledge about the past, present and future of tropical biodiversity and its relevance to human welfare.” Scientists pursue their own research interests within this broad mandate. This review concerns the history of STRI and recent ecological and applied research conducted at STRI, emphasizing research that extends across decades due to sustained efforts of single investigators or multiple investigators working across generations. STRI began as a rustic field station established in the forests of Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama in 1923 that prospered without outside funding setting the stage for the subsequent development of a major research center. Today, STRI employs 34 scientists, maintains nine field stations and six laboratories and hosts 1,200 visiting scientists and students each year. BCI provides examples of modern research being informed by results published up to 95 years earlier. Baselines recorded more systematically starting 50 years ago will be even more valuable in the future. The same will be true for each field station and research network described in this volume. As the natural world changes, data from these field stations and research networks will provide irreplaceable insights into how tropical forests and coral reefs once functioned and how function changed through time.},
	urldate = {2024-01-18},
	journal = {Biological Conservation},
	author = {Wright, S. Joseph},
	month = dec,
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {Barro Colorado Island, Tropical forest, Agua Salud, Bocas Research Station, Canopy crane, Coral reef, ForestGEO, Fortuna Reserve, Galeta Marine Station, Isla Coibita},
	pages = {108858},
	file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/NSFT659E/S0006320720309162.html:text/html},
}

@article{smithAssessingEffectArticle2021,
	title = {Assessing the effect of article processing charges on the geographic diversity of authors using {Elsevier}’s “{Mirror} {Journal}” system},
	volume = {2},
	issn = {2641-3337},
	url = {https://direct.mit.edu/qss/article/2/4/1123/107612/Assessing-the-effect-of-article-processing-charges},
	doi = {10.1162/qss_a_00157},
	abstract = {Journals publishing open access (OA) articles often require that authors pay article processing charges (APC). Researchers in the Global South often cite APCs as a major financial obstacle to OA publishing, especially in widely recognized or prestigious outlets. Consequently, it has been hypothesized that authors from the Global South will be underrepresented in journals charging APCs. We tested this hypothesis using more than 37,000 articles from Elsevier’s “Mirror journal” system, in which a hybrid “Parent” journal and its Gold OA “Mirror” share editorial boards and standards for acceptance. Most articles were non-OA; 45\% of articles had lead authors based in either the United States or China. After correcting for the effect of this dominance and differences in sample size, we found that OA articles published in Parent and Mirror journals had lead authors with similar Geographic Diversity. However, Author Geographic Diversity of OA articles was significantly lower than that of non-OA articles. Most OA articles were written by authors in high-income countries, and there were no articles in Mirror journals by authors in low-income countries. Our results for Elsevier’s Mirror-Parent system are consistent with the hypothesis that APCs are a barrier to OA publication for scientists from the Global South.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2024-01-18},
	journal = {Quantitative Science Studies},
	author = {Smith, Audrey C. and Merz, Leandra and Borden, Jesse B. and Gulick, Chris K. and Kshirsagar, Akhil R. and Bruna, Emilio M.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2021},
	pages = {1123--1143},
	file = {Smith et al. - 2021 - Assessing the effect of article processing charges.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/LCRWVM29/Smith et al. - 2021 - Assessing the effect of article processing charges.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@book{gourou1966tropical,
	title = {The tropical world: its social and economic conditions and its future status.},
	publisher = {Longman},
	author = {Gourou, Pierre and {others}},
	year = {1966},
	note = {Number: 4. ed.},
}

@misc{benoitStopwordsMultilingualStopword2021,
	address = {https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=stopwords},
	title = {stopwords: {Multilingual} stopword lists. https://{CRAN}.{R}-project.org/package=stopwords},
	url = {https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=stopwords},
	author = {Benoit, Kenneth and Muhr, David and Watanabe, Kohei},
	year = {2021},
}

@article{silgeTidytextTextMining2016,
	title = {tidytext: {Text} mining and analysis using tidy data principles in {R}},
	volume = {1(3)},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.21105/joss.00037},
	doi = {10.21105/joss.00037},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Journal of Open Source Software},
	author = {Silge, Julia and Robinson, David},
	year = {2016},
	note = {Publisher: The Open Journal},
}

@techreport{rcoreteamLanguageEnvironmentStatistical2023,
	address = {Vienna, Austria https://www.R-project.org/},
	type = {manual},
	title = {R: {A} language and environment for statistical computing},
	url = {https://www.R-project.org/},
	institution = {R Foundation for Statistical Computing},
	author = {{R Core Team}},
	year = {2023},
}

@book{raby2017american,
	title = {American tropics: the {Caribbean} roots of biodiversity science},
	publisher = {UNC Press Books},
	author = {Raby, Megan},
	year = {2017},
}

@incollection{huxleyEditorIntroduction1927,
	address = {New York},
	edition = {1st Edition},
	series = {Animal {Ecology} by {Charles} {Elton}},
	title = {Editor's {Introduction}},
	url = {https://archive.org/details/animalecology00elto/page/n7/mode/2up?ref=ol&view=theater},
	booktitle = {Animal {Ecology}},
	publisher = {The McMillan Company},
	author = {Huxley, Julian},
	year = {1927},
	pages = {ix--vvii},
}

@book{unescoSixtyYearsScience2006,
	address = {Paris},
	title = {Sixty years of science at {UNESCO} 1945-2005},
	isbn = {978-92-3-104047-4 978-92-3-104005-4},
	language = {en},
	publisher = {UNESCO Pub},
	editor = {{Unesco}},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Science, International cooperation History, Unesco},
	file = {Unesco - 2006 - Sixty years of science at UNESCO 1945-2005.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/RDPH4PE2/Unesco - 2006 - Sixty years of science at UNESCO 1945-2005.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{hoornwegPopulationPredictionsWorld2017,
	title = {Population predictions for the world’s largest cities in the 21st century},
	volume = {29},
	issn = {0956-2478},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0956247816663557},
	doi = {10.1177/0956247816663557},
	abstract = {We project populations to 2100 for the world’s larger cities. Three socioeconomic scenarios with various levels of sustainability and global cooperation are evaluated, and individual “best fit” projections made for each city using global urbanization forecasts. In 2010, 757 million people resided in the 101 largest cities – 11 per cent of the world’s population. By the end of the century, world population is projected to range from 6.9 billion to 13.1 billion, with 15 per cent to 23 per cent of people residing in the 101 largest cities (1.6 billion to 2.3 billion). The disparate effects of socioeconomic pathways on regional distribution of the world’s 101 largest cities in the 21st century are examined by changes in population rank for 2010, 2025, 2050, 2075 and 2100. Socioeconomic pathways are assessed based on their influence on the world’s largest cities. Two aspects of the projections raise concerns about reliability: the unlikely degree of growth of cities suggested for Africa and the growth of cities in coastal settings (and likely global immigration). Trends and the effect of sustainable development on regional distribution of large cities throughout the 21st century are discussed.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2024-04-09},
	journal = {Environment and Urbanization},
	author = {Hoornweg, Daniel and Pope, Kevin},
	month = apr,
	year = {2017},
	note = {Publisher: SAGE Publications Ltd},
	pages = {195--216},
	file = {SAGE PDF Full Text:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/3S3955N2/Hoornweg and Pope - 2017 - Population predictions for the world’s largest cit.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{gastonGlobalPatternsBiodiversity2000,
	title = {Global patterns in biodiversity},
	volume = {405},
	copyright = {2000 Macmillan Magazines Ltd.},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/35012228},
	doi = {10.1038/35012228},
	abstract = {To a first approximation, the distribution of biodiversity across the Earth can be described in terms of a relatively small number of broad-scale spatial patterns. Although these patterns are increasingly well documented, understanding why they exist constitutes one of the most significant intellectual challenges to ecologists and biogeographers. Theory is, however, developing rapidly, improving in its internal consistency, and more readily subjected to empirical challenge.},
	language = {en},
	number = {6783},
	urldate = {2024-04-09},
	journal = {Nature},
	author = {Gaston, Kevin J.},
	month = may,
	year = {2000},
	note = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	keywords = {Science, multidisciplinary, Humanities and Social Sciences},
	pages = {220--227},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/VGU7EHYF/Gaston - 2000 - Global patterns in biodiversity.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{reboredosegoviaWhoStudiesWhere2020,
	title = {Who studies where? {Boosting} tropical conservation research where it is most needed},
	volume = {18},
	copyright = {© The Ecological Society of America},
	issn = {1540-9309},
	shorttitle = {Who studies where?},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/fee.2146},
	doi = {10.1002/fee.2146},
	abstract = {Despite the mounting threats that tropical ecosystems face, conservation in the tropics remains severely under-researched relative to temperate systems. Efforts to address this knowledge gap have so far largely failed to analyze the relationship between an author's choice of study site and that author's country of origin. We examined factors that motivate both foreign and domestic scientists to conduct research in tropical countries, based on a sample of nearly 3000 tropical conservation research articles. Many barriers that have historically deterred foreign research effort appear to have been overcome, although US scientists still respond negatively to safety concerns and distance. The productivity of local scientists is affected by corruption and lack of institutional support. Both foreign and in-country scientists are increasingly working in places with more listed threatened species, but many regions still lack adequate conservation research. Although foreign scientists could be attracted to less-studied areas through targeted grants, the long-term solution must be to train and employ more local scientists.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2024-04-10},
	journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment},
	author = {Reboredo Segovia, Ana L and Romano, Donato and Armsworth, Paul R},
	year = {2020},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/fee.2146},
	pages = {159--166},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/WGDHN8WX/Reboredo Segovia et al. - 2020 - Who studies where Boosting tropical conservation .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/JB6FUSUW/fee.html:text/html},
}

@article{bassetConservationBiologicalMonitoring2004,
	title = {Conservation and biological monitoring of tropical forests: the role of parataxonomists},
	volume = {41},
	issn = {0021-8901},
	shorttitle = {Conservation and {Biological} {Monitoring} of {Tropical} {Forests}},
	abstract = {1. The demise of tropical rain forests will lead to a large-scale extinction of genetic diversity, particularly of arthropods. Curtailing these trends might be facilitated by (i) reducing rates of habitat loss and degradation, (ii) enhancing systematics and (iii) increasing the flow of primary information on tropical biodiversity. 2. We emphasize the need to examine alternative approaches that could generate a constant stream of data from tropical ecosystems. We argue that data collecting by paratoxonomists (local assistants trained by professional biologists) represents one of the most efficient approaches to the study of tropical ecosystems available to date. 3. Paratoxonomists can provide high-quality biological specimens and ecological information; statistical power will be high due to large sample sizes of data; database growth will be rapid and results will be published in a timely manner; and there will be collateral education of local people in conservation biology by the parataxonomists themselves. 4. We stress that training local parataxonomists to inventory and monitor biodiversity is a promising and efficient strategy that deserves more attention in conservation biology. In particular, it may be one of the most feasible approaches for the biological monitoring of small and cryptic organisms in species-rich environments, such as invertebrates in tropical rain forests. 5. Synthesis and applications. Permanent botanical plots yield a wealth of data on the organization of tropical forests, and their numbers should be increased to monitor tropical biodiversity. Likewise, augmenting the number of local parataxonomist groups in various tropical countries and networking these contingents to monitor functionally diverse taxa may provide an efficient biological monitoring system in tropical forests.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Ecology},
	author = {Basset, Yves and Novotny, Vojtech and Miller, Scott E. and Weiblen, George D. and Missa, Olivier and Stewart, Alan J. A.},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Publisher: [British Ecological Society, Wiley]},
	pages = {163--174},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/N7C5LJ6S/Basset et al. - 2004 - Conservation and Biological Monitoring of Tropical.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@misc{SocietyConservationBiology,
	title = {The {Society} for {Conservation} {Biology}},
	url = {https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/conl.13007},
	urldate = {2024-04-10},
}

@article{stegmannBrazilianPublicFunding2024,
	title = {Brazilian public funding for biodiversity research in the {Amazon}},
	volume = {22},
	issn = {2530-0644},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2530064424000038},
	doi = {10.1016/j.pecon.2024.01.003},
	abstract = {The Brazilian Amazon is one of Earth’s most biodiverse and ecologically important regions. However, research investments for biodiversity in the biome are disproportionately low compared with other regions of Brazil. In 2022, the Amazon received 13\% of master's, doctoral and postdoctoral scholarships and hosted 11\% of all researchers working in biodiversity postgraduate programs. Amazonian institutions received approximately 10\% of all federal budget spent on grants and scholarships and about 23\% of all resources destined to support long-term ecological sites. The cities of Manaus and Belém concentrate about 90\% of all grants and scholarships available for the entire region. Despite per capita research investment in the Amazon being equal to or better than that available for the more economically developed regions of Brazil, the distribution of resources by area is highly unequal. Increasing research funding for the Amazon region requires differential input by federal agencies and more transnational collaborations and integration between Amazonian programs and international funds.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2024-04-10},
	journal = {Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation},
	author = {Stegmann, Lis F. and França, Filipe M. and Carvalho, Raquel L. and Barlow, Jos and Berenguer, Erika and Castello, Leandro and Juen, Leandro and Baccaro, Fabrício B. and Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães and Nunes, Cássio Alencar and Oliveira, Rodrigo and Venticinque, Eduardo M. and Schietti, Juliana and Ferreira, Joice},
	month = jan,
	year = {2024},
	keywords = {Brazil, Amazon, Science policy, Biodiversity research},
	pages = {1--7},
	file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/XXTCR6HB/S2530064424000038.html:text/html},
}

@article{eppleyTropicalFieldStations2024,
	title = {Tropical field stations yield high conservation return on investment},
	copyright = {© 2024 The Authors. Conservation Letters published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.},
	issn = {1755-263X},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/conl.13007},
	doi = {10.1111/conl.13007},
	abstract = {Conservation funding is currently limited; cost-effective conservation solutions are essential. We suggest that the thousands of field stations worldwide can play key roles at the frontline of biodiversity conservation and have high intrinsic value. We assessed field stations’ conservation return on investment and explored the impact of COVID-19. We surveyed leaders of field stations across tropical regions that host primate research; 157 field stations in 56 countries responded. Respondents reported improved habitat quality and reduced hunting rates at over 80\% of field stations and lower operational costs per km2 than protected areas, yet half of those surveyed have less funding now than in 2019. Spatial analyses support field station presence as reducing deforestation. These “earth observatories” provide a high return on investment; we advocate for increased support of field station programs and for governments to support their vital conservation efforts by investing accordingly.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2024-04-10},
	journal = {Conservation Letters},
	author = {Eppley, Timothy M. and Reuter, Kim E. and Sefczek, Timothy M. and Tinsman, Jen and Santini, Luca and Hoeks, Selwyn and Andriantsaralaza, Seheno and Shanee, Sam and Fiore, Anthony Di and Setchell, Joanna M. and Strier, Karen B. and Abanyam, Peter A. and Mutalib, Aini Hasanah Abd and Abwe, Ekwoge and Ahmed, Tanvir and Ancrenaz, Marc and Andriantsimanarilafy, Raphali R. and Ang, Andie and Aureli, Filippo and Barrett, Louise and Beehner, Jacinta C. and Benítez, Marcela E. and Bezerra, Bruna M. and Bicca-Marques, Júlio César and Bikaba, Dominique and Bitariho, Robert and Boesch, Christophe and Bolt, Laura M. and Boonratana, Ramesh and Butynski, Thomas M. and Canale, Gustavo R. and Carvalho, Susana and Chapman, Colin A. and Chetry, Dilip and Cheyne, Susan M. and Cords, Marina and Cornejo, Fanny M. and Cortés-Ortiz, Liliana and Coudrat, Camille N. Z. and Crofoot, Margaret C. and Cronin, Drew T. and Dadjo, Alvine and Dakpogan, S. Chrystelle and Danquah, Emmanuel and Davenport, Tim R. B. and de Jong, Yvonne A. and de la Torre, Stella and Dempsey, Andrea and Dimalibot, Judeline C. and Dolch, Rainer and Donati, Giuseppe and Estrada, Alejandro and Farassi, Rassina A. and Fashing, Peter J. and Fernandez-Duque, Eduardo and da Silva, Maria J. Ferreira and Fischer, Julia and Flores-Negrón, César F. and Fruth, Barbara and Neba, Terence Fuh and Gamalo, Lief Erikson and Ganzhorn, Jörg U. and Garber, Paul A. and Gnanaolivu, Smitha D. and Gonder, Mary Katherine and Bi, Sery Ernest Gonedelé and Goossens, Benoit and Gordo, Marcelo and Guayasamin, Juan M. and Guzmán-Caro, Diana C. and Halloran, Andrew R. and Hartel, Jessica A. and Heymann, Eckhard W. and Hill, Russell A. and Hockings, Kimberley J. and Hohmann, Gottfried and Hon, Naven and Houngbédji, Mariano G. and Huffman, Michael A. and Ikemeh, Rachel A. and Imong, Inaoyom and Irwin, Mitchell T. and Izar, Patrícia and Jerusalinsky, Leandro and Kalema-Zikusoka, Gladys and Kaplin, Beth A. and Kappeler, Peter M. and Kivai, Stanislaus M. and Knott, Cheryl D. and Kolasartsanee, Intanon and Koops, Kathelijne and Kowalewski, Martin M. and Kujirakwinja, Deo and Kumar, Ajith and Le, Quyet K. and Lewis, Rebecca J. and Lin, Aung Ko and Link, Andrés and Loría, Luz I. and Lormie, Menladi M. and Louis Jr., Edward E. and Lwin, Ngwe and Maisels, Fiona and Malaivijitnond, Suchinda and Marisa, Lesley and McCabe, Gráinne M. and McGraw, W. Scott and Mekonnen, Addisu and Méndez-Carvajal, Pedro G. and Minhós, Tânia and Montgomery, David M. and Morelos-Juárez, Citlalli and Morgan, Bethan J. and Morgan, David and Etingüe, Amancio Motove and Ndiaye, Papa Ibnou and Nekaris, K. Anne-Isola and Nguyen, Nga and Nijman, Vincent and Nishuli, Radar and Norconk, Marilyn A. and Oklander, Luciana I. and Oktaviani, Rahayu and Ostner, Julia and Otali, Emily and Perry, Susan E. and Ramos, Eduardo J. Pinel and Porter, Leila M. and Pruetz, Jill D. and Pusey, Anne E. and Queiroz, Helder L. and Ramírez, Mónica A. and Randriatahina, Guy Hermas and Rasoanaivo, Hoby and Ratsimbazafy, Jonah and Ratsirarson, Joelisoa and Razafindramanana, Josia and Razafindratsima, Onja H. and Reynolds, Vernon and Rizaldi, Rizaldi and Robbins, Martha M. and Rodríguez, Melissa E. and Rosales-Meda, Marleny and Sanz, Crickette M. and Sarkar, Dipto and Savage, Anne and Schreier, Amy L. and Schülke, Oliver and Segniagbeto, Gabriel H. and Serio-Silva, Juan Carlos and Setiawan, Arif and Seyjagat, John and Silva, Felipe E. and Sinclair, Elizabeth M. and Smith, Rebecca L. and Spaan, Denise and Stewart, Fiona A. and Strum, Shirley C. and Surbeck, Martin and Svensson, Magdalena S. and Talebi, Mauricio and Tédonzong, Luc Roscelin and Urbani, Bernardo and Valsecchi, João and Vasey, Natalie and Vogel, Erin R. and Wallace, Robert B. and Wallis, Janette and Waters, Siân and Wittig, Roman M. and Wrangham, Richard W. and Wright, Patricia C. and Mittermeier, Russell A.},
	year = {2024},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/conl.13007},
	keywords = {sustainability, climate change, biodiversity, pandemic, protected areas, field stations, conservation funding, primate-range countries, return on investment},
	pages = {e13007},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/R7V5YC5D/Eppley et al. - Tropical field stations yield high conservation re.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/ZFSH9F9E/conl.html:text/html},
}

@article{claytonGeographyTropicalityPostcolonialism2006,
	title = {Geography, tropicality and postcolonialism: {Anglophone} and {Francophone} readings of the work of {Pierre} {Gourou}},
	volume = {35},
	issn = {0046-2497},
	shorttitle = {Geography, tropicality and postcolonialism},
	url = {https://www.cairn.info/revue-espace-geographique-2006-3-page-208.htm},
	doi = {10.3917/eg.353.0208},
	abstract = {RésuméLa lecture de l’œuvre de Pierre Gourou révèle l’influence qu’ont les constructions critiques de la ‘tropicalité’ et du post-colonialisme sur la géographie anglophone et francophone. Cet article montre comment l’interprétation francophone de Gourou a été articulée en termes disciplinaires et souligne l’absence d’une forte orientation postcoloniale au sein de la géographie française, tandis qu’une littérature anglophone sur la tropicalité a tendu à caricaturer l’engagement de Pierre Gourou et de la géographie tropicale française. L’article souligne enfin la nécessité d’un dialogue anglo-français sur cette question de la tropicalité en géographie.},
	language = {fr},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2024-04-10},
	journal = {L’Espace géographique},
	author = {Clayton, Daniel and Bowd, Gavin},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Place: Paris
Publisher: Belin},
	keywords = {géographie tropicale, Pierre Gourou, postcolonialisme, tropicalité},
	pages = {208--221},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/E3A32MR2/Clayton and Bowd - 2006 - Geography, tropicality and postcolonialism Anglop.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/MXW8ESII/revue-espace-geographique-2006-3-page-208.html:text/html},
}

@article{powerDegenerationTropicalGeography2004,
	title = {The {Degeneration} of {Tropical} {Geography}},
	volume = {94},
	issn = {0004-5608},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/3693931},
	abstract = {How did colonial and tropical geography as practiced in the aftermath of World War II become development geography by the 1970s? We excavate the genealogy of development geography, relating it to geopolitical, economic, and social traumas of decolonization. We examine how revolutionary pressures and insurgencies, coupled with the eclipse of formal colonialism, led to the degeneration and displacement of a particular way of writing geographical difference of "the tropics." A key objective here is to complicate and enrich understandings of paradigmatic shifts and epistemological transitions, and to elaborate archaeologies of development knowledges and their association with geography. While interested in such a big picture, we also approach this story in part through engagements with the works of a series of geographers whose scholarship and teaching took them to the tropics, among them Keith Buchanan, a pioneering radical geographer trained at the School of Geography of the University of Birmingham, England, who later worked in South Africa, Nigeria, London, Singapore (as an external examiner), and Aotearoa/New Zealand.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2024-04-10},
	journal = {Annals of the Association of American Geographers},
	author = {Power, Marcus and Sidaway, James D.},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Publisher: [Association of American Geographers, Taylor \& Francis, Ltd.]},
	pages = {585--601},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/F5362Y5F/Power and Sidaway - 2004 - The Degeneration of Tropical Geography.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@book{arnold1996problem,
	title = {The problem of nature: {Environment}, culture and {European} expansion},
	publisher = {Blackwell},
	author = {Arnold, David},
	year = {1996},
}

@book{alma9913280634202441,
	address = {Paris},
	edition = {[1. éd.].},
	series = {Colonies et empires, 1. sér. Études coloniales, 3},
	title = {Les pays tropicaux, principes d'une géographie humaine et économique.},
	language = {fre},
	publisher = {Presses Universitaires de France},
	author = {Gourou, Pierre},
	year = {1947},
	note = {tex.lccn: 47006765},
	keywords = {Tropics},
}

@book{stepan2001picturing,
	address = {Ithaca},
	title = {Picturing tropical nature},
	publisher = {Cornell University Press},
	author = {Stepan, Nancy},
	year = {2001},
}

@article{smithEuropeanVisionSouth1950,
	title = {European vision and the {South} {Pacific}},
	volume = {13},
	issn = {0075-4390},
	doi = {10.2307/750143},
	number = {1/2},
	urldate = {2024-04-10},
	journal = {Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes},
	author = {Smith, Bernard},
	year = {1950},
	note = {Publisher: Warburg Institute},
	pages = {65--100},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/NWJQPJC7/Smith - 1950 - European Vision and the South Pacific.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@book{miller2011visions,
	title = {Visions of empire: voyages, botany, and representations of nature},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
	editor = {Miller, David Philip and Reill, Peter Hanns},
	year = {2011},
}

@article{asaseReplacingParachuteScience2022,
	title = {Replacing “parachute science” with “global science” in ecology and conservation biology},
	volume = {4},
	copyright = {© 2021 The Authors. Conservation Science and Practice published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology.},
	issn = {2578-4854},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/csp2.517},
	doi = {10.1111/csp2.517},
	abstract = {Biodiversity remains relatively unknown and understudied in many parts of the developing world with significant information gaps, in stark contrast to many areas in the developed world, where knowledge about biodiversity can approach encyclopedic. Access to resources, such as funding, data, information, expertise, and biological collections (often collected by colonial-era scientists from across the developing world), is often quite limited for developing-world scientists. The life of a biodiversity scientist in the developing world is therefore one of manifold dilemmas and challenges, as well as numerous opportunities. Although collaborations exist between developing-world scientists and developed-world scientists, too many of those collaborations are not deep or permanent, and developing-world scientists are too often relegated to a subordinate role. The focus in this contribution is on providing suggestions for how to open and build access to resources for developing-world scientists. Everyone benefits if developing-world and developed-world scientists work together collaboratively to pose interesting and novel questions, generate new data, update existing data, carry out analyses, and arrive at interesting insights and interpretations. In this way, the biodiversity science community can replace “parachute” science with “global science.”},
	language = {en},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2024-04-10},
	journal = {Conservation Science and Practice},
	author = {Asase, Alex and Mzumara-Gawa, Tiwonge I. and Owino, Jesse O. and Peterson, Andrew T. and Saupe, Erin},
	year = {2022},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/csp2.517},
	keywords = {biodiversity, partnerships, developing world, expertise, funding, resources},
	pages = {e517},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/QIQPHYU4/Asase et al. - 2022 - Replacing “parachute science” with “global science.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/QT8T97CK/csp2.html:text/html},
}

@article{robinson1981existe,
	title = {Existe realmente la biologia tropical?},
	author = {Robinson, MH},
	year = {1981},
	pages = {13--45},
	file = {Robinson - 1981 - Existe realmente la biologia tropical.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/ZXJBSFPV/Robinson - 1981 - Existe realmente la biologia tropical.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@misc{zotero-17778,
	url = {http://access.revistasmedicas.org/pdf/?code=eyJsYWJlbCI6IlBERiIsImpvdXJuYWxfaWQiOiIxIiwicHVibGljYXRpb25faWQiOiIxMjYzIiwic3VibWlzc2lvbl9pZCI6IjEzMjYifQ==},
	urldate = {2024-04-11},
	file = {access.revistasmedicas.org/pdf/?code=eyJsYWJlbCI6IlBERiIsImpvdXJuYWxfaWQiOiIxIiwicHVibGljYXRpb25faWQiOiIxMjYzIiwic3VibWlzc2lvbl9pZCI6IjEzMjYifQ==:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/VMNLFT7Q/pdf.html:text/html},
}

@article{russellIntegratingTropicalResearch2022,
	title = {Integrating tropical research into biology education is urgently needed},
	volume = {20},
	issn = {1545-7885},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3001674},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.3001674},
	abstract = {Understanding tropical biology is important for solving complex problems such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and zoonotic pandemics, but biology curricula view research mostly via a temperate-zone lens. Integrating tropical research into biology education is urgently needed to tackle these issues.},
	language = {en},
	number = {6},
	urldate = {2024-04-11},
	journal = {PLoS Biology},
	author = {Russell, Ann E. and Aide, T. Mitchell and Braker, Elizabeth and Ganong, Carissa N. and Hardin, Rebecca D. and Holl, Karen D. and Hotchkiss, Sara C. and Klemens, Jeffrey A. and Kuprewicz, Erin K. and McClearn, Deedra and Middendorf, George and Ostertag, Rebecca and Powers, Jennifer S. and Russo, Sabrina E. and Stynoski, Jennifer L. and Valdez, Ursula and Willis, Charles G.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2022},
	note = {Publisher: Public Library of Science},
	keywords = {Biodiversity, Textbooks, Human learning, Pandemics, Undergraduates, Biology and life sciences, Tropical regions, Zoonoses},
	pages = {e3001674},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/F5BYWKXI/Russell et al. - 2022 - Integrating tropical research into biology educati.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ocampo-arizaGlobalSouthLeadership2023,
	title = {Global {South} leadership towards inclusive tropical ecology and conservation},
	volume = {21},
	issn = {2530-0644},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2530064423000020},
	doi = {10.1016/j.pecon.2023.01.002},
	abstract = {Strengthening participation of Global South researchers in tropical ecology and conservation is a target of our scientific community, but strategies for fostering increased engagement are mostly directed at Global North institutions and researchers. Whereas such approaches are crucial, there are unique challenges to addressing diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) within the Global South given its socio-economic, cultural and scientific contexts. Sustainable solutions protecting biodiversity in the tropics depend on the leadership of Global South communities, and therefore DEI improvements in the Global South are paramount in our field. Here, we propose ten key actions towards equitable international collaborations in tropical ecology, which, led by Global South researchers, may improve DEI at institutional, national and international levels. At an institutional level, we recommend (1) becoming role models for DEI, (2) co-developing research with local stakeholders, and (3) promoting transparent funding management favouring local scientists. At a national level, we encourage (4) engagement in political actions protecting scientists and their research in tropical countries, (5) participation in improving biodiversity research policies, and (6) devising research that reaches society. At an international level, we encourage Global South researchers in international collaborations to (7) lead and direct funding applications, (8) ensure equitable workloads, and (9) procure equal benefits among national and foreign collaborators. Finally, (10) we propose that Global South leadership in DEI efforts has the most potential for worldwide improvements, supporting positive long-lasting changes in our entire scientific community. Supplementary materials provide this abstract in 18 other languages spoken in the Global South.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2024-04-11},
	journal = {Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation},
	author = {Ocampo-Ariza, Carolina and Toledo-Hernández, Manuel and Librán-Embid, Felipe and Armenteras, Dolors and Vansynghel, Justine and Raveloaritiana, Estelle and Arimond, Isabelle and Angulo-Rubiano, Andrés and Tscharntke, Teja and Ramírez-Castañeda, Valeria and Wurz, Annemarie and Marcacci, Gabriel and Anders, Mina and Urbina-Cardona, J. Nicolás and de Vos, Asha and Devy, Soubadra and Westphal, Catrin and Toomey, Anne and {Sheherazade} and Chirango, Yolanda and Maas, Bea},
	month = jan,
	year = {2023},
	keywords = {Diversity, Global South, Equity, Inclusion, International collaborations, Local stakeholders},
	pages = {17--24},
	file = {Ocampo-Ariza et al. - 2023 - Global South leadership towards inclusive tropical.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/DGLX7TY3/Ocampo-Ariza et al. - 2023 - Global South leadership towards inclusive tropical.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/ZVYPIF2F/S2530064423000020.html:text/html},
}

@article{willisEnglishStationBotanical1899,
	title = {An {English} {Station} for {Botanical} {Research} in the {Tropics} ({Ceylon})},
	volume = {61},
	copyright = {1899 Springer Nature Limited},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/061032a0},
	doi = {10.1038/061032a0},
	abstract = {THE Royal Botanic Gardens of Ceylon, under the direction of Thwaites and Trimen, to go no further back, have long been known as one of the most important centres of scientific work in systematic and economic botany. Thanks to the British Association for the Advancement of Science, a small room next to the director's office was fitted up as a laboratory, in which have worked many botanists, chiefly English. Among those who have worked in Ceylon during the last decade may be mentioned Profs. Bower, Farmer, Goebel and Potter, and Messrs. Freeman, Keeble, Pearson, Parkin, and others. During the last two years the laboratory has been very much overcrowded, being used by the staff of the gardens as well as by visiting botanists. With the commencement this year of a new research laboratory, now being erected by the Department of Public Works, and to be completed probably before the end of the year, this difficulty will be overcome, and there will be ample room for several workers from abroad in addition to the members of the staff. This being so, it may not be amiss to give at this time an account of the facilities now available in Ceylon for research in the tropics. While the laboratory is primarily intended for botanical research, there is no intention of excluding workers in other lines so long as there is room for them, though of course money cannot be spent in providing special apparatus for their work.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1567},
	urldate = {2024-04-11},
	journal = {Nature},
	author = {Willis, John C.},
	month = nov,
	year = {1899},
	note = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	keywords = {Science, multidisciplinary, Humanities and Social Sciences},
	pages = {32--34},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/JNANVL3E/Willis - 1899 - An English Station for Botanical Research in the T.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{PublicGardensBritish1888,
	title = {The {Public} {Gardens} of {British} {India}, {Especially} the {Botanic} {Gardens} 1},
	volume = {37},
	copyright = {1888 Springer Nature Limited},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/037476a0},
	doi = {10.1038/037476a0},
	abstract = {THE appearance of the hundredth Annual Report of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta, is an event of no little interest in the botanical world, not alone for what it contains, but also for the evidence it affords of the vitality and vigour of the institution, the primary object of which was to disseminate useful information respecting the vegetable products of the possessions of the “Company,” and to introduce exotic plants of economic value.},
	language = {en},
	number = {959},
	urldate = {2024-04-11},
	journal = {Nature},
	month = mar,
	year = {1888},
	note = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	keywords = {Science, multidisciplinary, Humanities and Social Sciences},
	pages = {476--477},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/2SFZC5FW/1888 - The Public Gardens of British India, Especially th.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/36DIWZQZ/037476a0.html:text/html},
}

@article{BotanicalLaboratoryRoyal1890,
	title = {The {Botanical} {Laboratory} in the {Royal} {Gardens}, {Peradeniya}, {Ceylon}},
	volume = {41},
	copyright = {1890 Springer Nature Limited},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/041445a0},
	doi = {10.1038/041445a0},
	abstract = {THE attention of the readers of NATURE has been drawn more than once (vol. xxxi. p. 460, vol. xxxiv. p. 127) to the opportunities which are before botanists for the study of plants other than those of our own flora. But since the latter of these articles appeared, a step has been taken which will justify a return once more to this important subject.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1063},
	urldate = {2024-04-11},
	journal = {Nature},
	month = mar,
	year = {1890},
	note = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	keywords = {Science, multidisciplinary, Humanities and Social Sciences},
	pages = {445--446},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/JAHLB97S/1890 - The Botanical Laboratory in the Royal Gardens, Per.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/PJ5UW5MZ/041445a0.html:text/html},
}

@book{driver2005tropical,
	title = {Tropical visions in an age of empire},
	publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
	author = {Driver, Felix and Martins, Luciana},
	year = {2005},
}

@article{cavalcantiPoliticalViolenceMobilisation2023,
	title = {Political violence and mobilisation in {Brazil}’s {Amazonian} region during {Bolsonaro}’s government (2019–2022)},
	volume = {6},
	issn = {2635-2338},
	url = {https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/view/journals/jpr/6/2/article-p152.xml},
	doi = {10.1332/SONH8866},
	abstract = {In recent years, Brazil has experienced rising violence against activists and increasing deforestation levels in the Amazon. The processes leading to those events are not new. However, various discourses and events have intensified and underpinned extractive interests during Bolsonaro’s government. Hence, this article analyses the relationship between the State and activists in the Brazilian Amazon region between 2019 and 2022. It focuses on three regional paradigmatic case studies: (1) the ongoing gold miners’ (garimpeiros) invasion of the Yanomami territory; (2) the arrest of four environmentalists accused of setting fire to the forest in 2019; and (3) the murder of the journalist Dominic Phillips and the Indigenist Bruno Pereira in 2022. The case studies utilise publicly available data from reports, interviews, press releases and newspaper articles. Our main objective is to provide an overview of the characteristics of an increasingly antagonistic relationship between activists and the State. Drawing on those cases, the article builds on mobilisation theories, particularly Political Process Theories. Our central argument is that there are evident differences in the forms of repression activists face during far-right governments. This context shapes activism distinctively in the Amazonian region because violence routinely challenges social and environmental justice activism. Moreover, the current violence points to broader social questions and struggles between activists and agents of repression.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2024-04-12},
	journal = {Justice, Power and Resistance},
	author = {Cavalcanti, Roxana Pessoa and Benzaquen, Guilherme Figueredo and Gomes, Simone da Silva Ribeiro and Almeida, Victor Porto},
	month = jun,
	year = {2023},
	note = {Publisher: Policy Press
Section: Justice, Power and Resistance},
	pages = {152--170},
}

@article{freedmanCrosshairsPerilsEnvironmental2020,
	title = {In the crosshairs: {The} perils of environmental journalism},
	volume = {19},
	issn = {1475-4835},
	shorttitle = {In the crosshairs},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/14754835.2020.1746180},
	doi = {10.1080/14754835.2020.1746180},
	abstract = {Journalists covering environmental issues around the globe are at heightened risk of murder, arrest, assault, threats, self-exile, lawsuits, and harassment because environmental controversies often involve influential business and economic interests, political power battles, criminal activities, and corruption, plus politically, culturally, and economically sensitive issues concerning Indigenous rights to land and natural resources. This study uses in-depth interviews with journalists and other experts to explore such situations, including the psychological effects on these journalists’ sense of mission and professional practices. Interviewees generally did not seek therapy or counseling after their adverse experiences. Those experiences led some journalists to change their careers but strengthened the professional commitment that other journalists feel.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2024-04-12},
	journal = {Journal of Human Rights},
	author = {Freedman, Eric},
	month = may,
	year = {2020},
	note = {Publisher: Routledge
\_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/14754835.2020.1746180},
	pages = {275--290},
}

@article{clancySurveyAcademicField2014,
	title = {Survey of academic field experiences ({SAFE}): trainees report harassment and assault},
	volume = {9},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	shorttitle = {Survey of {Academic} {Field} {Experiences} ({SAFE})},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0102172},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0102172},
	abstract = {Little is known about the climate of the scientific fieldwork setting as it relates to gendered experiences, sexual harassment, and sexual assault. We conducted an internet-based survey of field scientists (N = 666) to characterize these experiences. Codes of conduct and sexual harassment policies were not regularly encountered by respondents, while harassment and assault were commonly experienced by respondents during trainee career stages. Women trainees were the primary targets; their perpetrators were predominantly senior to them professionally within the research team. Male trainees were more often targeted by their peers at the research site. Few respondents were aware of mechanisms to report incidents; most who did report were unsatisfied with the outcome. These findings suggest that policies emphasizing safety, inclusivity, and collegiality have the potential to improve field experiences of a diversity of researchers, especially during early career stages. These include better awareness of mechanisms for direct and oblique reporting of harassment and assault and, the implementation of productive response mechanisms when such behaviors are reported. Principal investigators are particularly well positioned to influence workplace culture at their field sites.},
	language = {en},
	number = {7},
	urldate = {2024-04-12},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	author = {Clancy, Kathryn B. H. and Nelson, Robin G. and Rutherford, Julienne N. and Hinde, Katie},
	month = jul,
	year = {2014},
	note = {Publisher: Public Library of Science},
	keywords = {Scientists, Careers, Surveys, Trainees, Assault, Rape and sexual assault, Sexual harassment, Survey research},
	pages = {e102172},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/IPSDXCP6/Clancy et al. - 2014 - Survey of Academic Field Experiences (SAFE) Train.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ramirez-castanedaSetPrinciplesPractical2022,
	title = {A set of principles and practical suggestions for equitable fieldwork in biology},
	volume = {119},
	url = {https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2122667119},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.2122667119},
	abstract = {Field biology is an area of research that involves working directly with living organisms in situ through a practice known as “fieldwork.” Conducting fieldwork often requires complex logistical planning within multiregional or multinational teams, interacting with local communities at field sites, and collaborative research led by one or a few of the core team members. However, existing power imbalances stemming from geopolitical history, discrimination, and professional position, among other factors, perpetuate inequities when conducting these research endeavors. After reflecting on our own research programs, we propose four general principles to guide equitable, inclusive, ethical, and safe practices in field biology: be collaborative, be respectful, be legal, and be safe. Although many biologists already structure their field programs around these principles or similar values, executing equitable research practices can prove challenging and requires careful consideration, especially by those in positions with relatively greater privilege. Based on experiences and input from a diverse group of global collaborators, we provide suggestions for action-oriented approaches to make field biology more equitable, with particular attention to how those with greater privilege can contribute. While we acknowledge that not all suggestions will be applicable to every institution or program, we hope that they will generate discussions and provide a baseline for training in proactive, equitable fieldwork practices.},
	number = {34},
	urldate = {2024-04-12},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	author = {Ramírez-Castañeda, Valeria and Westeen, Erin P. and Frederick, Jeffrey and Amini, Sina and Wait, Daniel R. and Achmadi, Anang S. and Andayani, Noviar and Arida, Evy and Arifin, Umilaela and Bernal, Moisés A. and Bonaccorso, Elisa and Bonachita Sanguila, Marites and Brown, Rafe M. and Che, Jing and Condori, F. Peter and Hartiningtias, Diny and Hiller, Anna E. and Iskandar, Djoko T. and Jiménez, Rosa Alicia and Khelifa, Rassim and Márquez, Roberto and Martínez-Fonseca, José G. and Parra, Juan L. and Peñalba, Joshua V. and Pinto-García, Lina and Razafindratsima, Onja H. and Ron, Santiago R. and Souza, Sara and Supriatna, Jatna and Bowie, Rauri C. K. and Cicero, Carla and McGuire, Jimmy A. and Tarvin, Rebecca D.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2022},
	note = {Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	pages = {e2122667119},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/UBL9W57Q/Ramírez-Castañeda et al. - 2022 - A set of principles and practical suggestions for .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{rinkusGenderedConsiderationsSafety2018,
	title = {Gendered considerations for safety in conservation fieldwork},
	volume = {31},
	issn = {0894-1920},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2018.1471177},
	doi = {10.1080/08941920.2018.1471177},
	abstract = {Scholars conducting research on either the social or biological dimensions of conservation practice may confront harassment, violence, and sexual assault. While guidelines for researcher safety usually cover the obvious perils encountered while conducting research in nature and with wild animals, less attention has been focused on the dangers associated with encountering and confronting humans. The aim of review boards for both human and animal subjects is to protect research participants. But who protects the researcher? This paper extends these calls to conservation researchers, initiating an open discussion on fieldwork safety, particularly the role of gender and power dynamics within the conservation field. We offer two themes for discussion: institutional responsibility and professional community responsibility. Our aim is to encourage dialogue regarding codes of practice for fieldwork safety at multiple institutional levels that acknowledge and provide support for the varying forms of harassment researchers face during fieldwork.},
	number = {12},
	urldate = {2024-04-12},
	journal = {Society \& Natural Resources},
	author = {Rinkus, Marisa A. and Kelly, Jennifer Rebecca and Wright, Wynne and Medina, Laurie and Dobson, Tracy},
	month = dec,
	year = {2018},
	note = {Publisher: Routledge
\_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2018.1471177},
	keywords = {Fieldwork, harassment, responsibility, sexual assault, violence},
	pages = {1419--1426},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/GBWDXZHN/Rinkus et al. - 2018 - Gendered Considerations for Safety in Conservation.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@book{lee-treweekDangerFieldEthics2000,
	address = {London},
	title = {Danger in the {Field}: {Ethics} and {Risk} in {Social} {Research}},
	isbn = {978-0-203-13611-9},
	shorttitle = {Danger in the {Field}},
	abstract = {The nature of qualitative inquiry means that researchers constantly have to deal with the unexpected, and all too often this means coping with the presence of danger or risk. This innovative and lively analysis of danger in various qualitative research settings is drawn from researchers' reflexive accounts of their own encounters with 'danger'. 
An original take on the ever-popular topic of the ethics of research, this pioneering book expands the common sense use of the term to encompass not just physical danger, but emotional, ethical and professional danger too, with the authors paying special attention to the gendered forms of danger implicit in the research process. From the physical danger of researching the night club 'bouncer' scene to the ethical dangers of participant observation in an old people's home, these international contributions provide researchers and students with thought provoking insights into the importance of a well chosen research design.},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	editor = {Lee-Treweek, Geraldine and Linkogle, Stephanie},
	month = aug,
	year = {2000},
	doi = {10.4324/9780203136119},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/L4ND8BUM/Lee-Treweek and Linkogle - 2000 - Danger in the Field Ethics and Risk in Social Res.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{palinkasGlobalClimateChange2020,
	series = {Socio-{Ecological} {Psychology}},
	title = {Global climate change and mental health},
	volume = {32},
	issn = {2352-250X},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X19300661},
	doi = {10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.06.023},
	abstract = {Although several empirical studies and systematic reviews have documented the mental health impacts of global climate change, the range of impacts has not been well understood. This review examines mental health impacts of three types of climate-related events: (1) acute events such as hurricanes, floods, and wildfires; (2) subacute or long-term changes such as drought and heat stress; and (3) the existential threat of long-lasting changes, including higher temperatures, rising sea levels and a permanently altered and potentially uninhabitable physical environment. The impacts represent both direct (i.e. heat stress) and indirect (i.e. economic loss, threats to health and well-being, displacement and forced migration, collective violence and civil conflict, and alienation from a degraded environment) consequences of global climate change.},
	urldate = {2024-04-12},
	journal = {Current Opinion in Psychology},
	author = {Palinkas, Lawrence A and Wong, Marleen},
	month = apr,
	year = {2020},
	pages = {12--16},
}

@article{ellwangerDiversityLossClimate2020,
	title = {Beyond diversity loss and climate change: {Impacts} of {Amazon} deforestation on infectious diseases and public health},
	volume = {92},
	issn = {0001-3765, 1678-2690},
	shorttitle = {Beyond diversity loss and climate change},
	url = {https://www.scielo.br/j/aabc/a/fRVhxyPq4NLCsKTZPJMzV8J/?format=html&lang=en},
	doi = {10.1590/0001-3765202020191375},
	abstract = {Abstract Amazonian biodiversity is increasingly threatened due to the weakening of policies for combating deforestation, especially in Brazil. Loss of animal and plant species, many not yet known to science, is just one among many negative consequences of Amazon deforestation. Deforestation affects indigenous communities, riverside as well as urban populations, and even planetary health. Amazonia has a prominent role in regulating the Earth’s climate, with forest loss contributing to rising regional and global temperatures and intensification of extreme weather events. These climatic conditions are important drivers of emerging infectious diseases, and activities associated with deforestation contribute to the spread of disease vectors. This review presents the main impacts of Amazon deforestation on infectious-disease dynamics and public health from a One Health perspective. Because Brazil holds the largest area of Amazon rainforest, emphasis is given to the Brazilian scenario. Finally, potential solutions to mitigate deforestation and emerging infectious diseases are presented from the perspectives of researchers in different fields.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2024-04-12},
	journal = {Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências},
	author = {Ellwanger, Joel Henrique and Kulmann-Leal, Bruna and Kaminski, Valéria L. and Valverde-Villegas, Jacqueline María and Veiga, Ana Beatriz G. Da and Spilki, Fernando R. and Fearnside, Philip M. and Caesar, Lílian and Giatti, Leandro Luiz and Wallau, Gabriel L. and Almeida, Sabrina E. M. and Borba, Mauro R. and Hora, Vanusa P. Da and Chies, José Artur B.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2020},
	note = {Publisher: Academia Brasileira de Ciências},
	keywords = {deforestation, biodiversity, pathogens, Amazon rainforest, emerging infectious disease, public health},
	pages = {e20191375},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/X5IZTQKN/Ellwanger et al. - 2020 - Beyond diversity loss and climate change Impacts .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{nordsethFieldworkWellnessFramework2023,
	title = {The {Fieldwork} {Wellness} {Framework}: a new approach to field research in ecology},
	volume = {21},
	copyright = {© 2023 The Authors. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Ecological Society of America.},
	issn = {1540-9309},
	shorttitle = {The {Fieldwork} {Wellness} {Framework}},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/fee.2649},
	doi = {10.1002/fee.2649},
	abstract = {Fieldwork is often an important aspect of research in ecology, evolution, and conservation biology (EECB), but individuals of marginalized identities are likely to experience compromised wellness. The responsibility for structurally changing fieldwork to improve experiences and outcomes falls on the entire EECB community. We propose a Fieldwork Wellness Framework to replace traditional fieldwork approaches, which are hazardous and ill-suited to today's increasingly diverse EECB community and its goals. The purpose of this Framework is to prevent and manage risk while also promoting holistic well-being for all field research participants. We outline nine facets of the Framework: acknowledge and address identity, create a code of conduct, promote and practice self-care, form local connections, use support structures in decision making, host and attend trainings, address financial concerns, enact emergency plans, and debrief. By centering wellness in the planning and performing of fieldwork, EECB can cultivate a more diverse, equitable, inclusive, healthy, and productive community.},
	language = {en},
	number = {6},
	urldate = {2024-04-12},
	journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment},
	author = {Nordseth, Anna E and Gerson, Jacqueline R and Aguilar, Lucrecia K and Dunham, Amy E and Gentles, Anecia and Neale, Zoey and Rebol, Erynn},
	year = {2023},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/fee.2649},
	pages = {297--303},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/KQRJK99I/Nordseth et al. - 2023 - The Fieldwork Wellness Framework a new approach t.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/AR74LN5E/fee.html:text/html},
}

@article{demerySafeFieldworkStrategies2021,
	title = {Safe fieldwork strategies for at-risk individuals, their supervisors and institutions},
	volume = {5},
	copyright = {2020 The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited},
	issn = {2397-334X},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-020-01328-5},
	doi = {10.1038/s41559-020-01328-5},
	abstract = {As a result of identity prejudice, certain individuals are more vulnerable to conflict and violence when they are in the field. It is paramount that all fieldworkers be informed of the risks some colleagues may face, so that they can define best practice together: here we recommend strategies to minimize risk for all individuals conducting fieldwork.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2024-04-12},
	journal = {Nature Ecology \& Evolution},
	author = {Demery, Amelia-Juliette Claire and Pipkin, Monique Avery},
	month = jan,
	year = {2021},
	note = {Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	keywords = {Ethics, Policy, Science in culture},
	pages = {5--9},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/7HQFVPXX/Demery and Pipkin - 2021 - Safe fieldwork strategies for at-risk individuals,.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{eiflingMentalHealthField2021,
	title = {Mental {Health} and the {Field} {Research} {Team}},
	volume = {9},
	issn = {2326-3768},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/advances-in-archaeological-practice/article/mental-health-and-the-field-research-team/73ABCE469AD96585D37F4D3AF0CC40EE},
	doi = {10.1017/aap.2020.51},
	abstract = {Due to the intellectual, physical, and emotional demands of field research, those doing this work need to strategies to monitor and maintain their own mental health before, during, and after a field season. Moreover, they should have a framework for supporting their colleagues. This review article will present a framework for assessing the mental health hazards and the reactions, both positive and negative, to fieldwork. First, it will use U.S. epidemiology to show that most field teams are at risk. Second, it will frame the field season both as a workplace and wilderness exposure event and discuss the elements of the field research environment that can be therapeutic for some but toxic for others. Third, it will discuss the psychological impacts of travel and reintegration as they are pertinent to the practice of archaeology. Research will be presented in order to guide evidence-informed policies for the field research team to improve the mental-health readiness and resiliency of the research team. Last, it will provide guidance on how to manage the anxiety caused by separating from social media platforms., Debido a las demandas intelectuales, físicas y emocionales de la investigación de campo, quienes realizan este trabajo necesitan estrategias para monitorear y mantener su salud mental antes, durante y después de una temporada de campo. Además, tendrían también que contar con una estructura de apoyo para sus colegas. Este artículo presenta un esquema para evaluar los peligros para la salud mental y sus consecuencias, tanto positivas como negativas, para el trabajo de campo. Primero, se tomará como modelo la epidemiología en los Estados Unidos, para mostrar que la mayoría de los equipos de campo se encuentran en riesgo. Segundo, se enmarcará la temporada de campo como lugar de trabajo y como situación de contacto directo con la naturaleza, y se discutirán los elementos del entorno de investigación de campo que pueden ser terapéuticos para algunos, pero tóxicos para otros. En tercer lugar, se discutirá el impacto psicológico de los viajes y la reintegración, pues son pertinentes para la práctica de la arqueología. La investigación se presentará con el objetivo de orientar las políticas basadas en evidencias, a fin de que el equipo de investigación de campo mejore la preparación de su salud mental y su capacidad de recuperación. Por último, se brindará orientación sobre cómo manejar la ansiedad provocada por el distanciamiento de las plataformas de redes sociales.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2024-04-12},
	journal = {Advances in Archaeological Practice},
	author = {Eifling, Kurt P.},
	month = feb,
	year = {2021},
	keywords = {ethics, fieldwork, education, ansiedad, anxiety, atención médica de emergencia, choque cultural, culture shock, depresión, depression, educación, emergency medical care, entrenamiento médico, étical, formación de posgrado, graduate training, medical training, mental health, salud mental, temporada de campo},
	pages = {10--22},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/AQ7ESP2F/Eifling - 2021 - Mental Health and the Field Research Team.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{rudzkiGuideDevelopingField2022,
	title = {A guide for developing a field research safety manual that explicitly considers risks for marginalized identities in the sciences},
	volume = {13},
	issn = {2041-210X, 2041-210X},
	url = {https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/2041-210X.13970},
	doi = {10.1111/2041-210X.13970},
	abstract = {Abstract
            
              
                
                  Field research can be an important component of the career trajectories for researchers in numerous academic fields; however, conducting research in field settings poses risks to health and safety, and researchers from marginalized groups often face greater risks than those experienced by other researchers in their fields; If these additional risks are not actively and thoughtfully mitigated, they are likely to hinder the participation of qualified investigators in field research and counteract efforts to improve and promote diversity, equity and inclusion in the field sciences.
                
                
                  Here we provide, from our perspectives as co‐authors of a field safety manual for the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania, United States, (A) background on risks and barriers that should be considered when planning and conducting field research and (B) suggestions on how to work as a collaborative team for developing an inclusive field safety manual.
                
                
                  As an example of a manual this proposed process has yielded, we have included our own field safety manual written with diversity, equity and inclusion as a central focus.
                
                
                  We hope this publication serves as a starting point for those interested in developing a similar document for use in their laboratory group, department or institution.},
	language = {en},
	number = {11},
	urldate = {2024-04-12},
	journal = {Methods in Ecology and Evolution},
	author = {Rudzki, Elizabeth N. and Kuebbing, Sara E. and Clark, David R. and Gharaibeh, Burhan and Janecka, Mary J. and Kramp, Rachael and Kohl, Kevin D. and Mastalski, Talia and Ohmer, Michel E. B. and Turcotte, Martin M. and Richards‐Zawacki, Corinne L.},
	month = nov,
	year = {2022},
	pages = {2318--2330},
	file = {Rudzki et al. - 2022 - A guide for developing a field research safety man.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/7G8BXDKM/Rudzki et al. - 2022 - A guide for developing a field research safety man.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@incollection{inbook,
	address = {Berkeley},
	title = {Tropical rain-forest images.},
	booktitle = {People of the {Tropical} {Rain} {Forest}.},
	publisher = {University of California Press},
	author = {Putz, F.E. and Holbrook, N.M.},
	editor = {Denslow, J. S. and Padoch, C.},
	year = {1988},
	pages = {37--52},
}

@article{nygrenRepresentationsTropicalForests2006,
	title = {Representations of {Tropical} {Forests} and {Tropical} {Forest}-{Dwellers} in {Travel} {Accounts} of "{National} {Geographic}"},
	volume = {15},
	issn = {0963-2719},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/30302168},
	abstract = {As one of the most widely read genres of literature, travel writing plays a crucial role in forming popular images and understandings of foreign places and foreign peoples. This essay examines the dominant images of rainforests and rainforest peoples portrayed in accounts of travels in tropical America published in National Geographic. Special attention is paid to the issues of how particular representations are privileged in this magazine's travel accounts and how these representations relate to questions of authority and power. The analysis shows that the prevailing representations of the tropical forests and tropical forest-dwellers in the travel accounts of National Geographic rely on historically changing, but equally categorical distinctions between 'good' and 'bad', and 'natural' and 'unnatural'.},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2024-04-16},
	journal = {Environmental Values},
	author = {Nygren, Anja},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Publisher: White Horse Press},
	pages = {505--525},
}

@article{putzTropicalRenaissanceNorth1991,
	title = {Tropical renaissance: {North} {American} artists exploring {Latin} {America}, 1839-1879 by katherine emma manthorne; seeing the rainforests in nineteenth-century australia by rod ritchie},
	volume = {35},
	shorttitle = {Tropical renaissance},
	doi = {10.2307/3983948},
	journal = {Forest \& Conservation History},
	author = {Putz, F.E. and Holbrook, N.},
	month = apr,
	year = {1991},
	pages = {92--93},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/DJ5GBSN6/Putz and Holbrook - 1991 - Tropical Renaissance North American Artists Explo.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{molesNotionThatSpecies2016,
	title = {Is the notion that species interactions are stronger and more specialized in the tropics a zombie idea?},
	volume = {48},
	issn = {1744-7429},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/btp.12281},
	doi = {10.1111/btp.12281},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2024-04-16},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	author = {Moles, Angela T. and Ollerton, Jeff},
	year = {2016},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/btp.12281},
	keywords = {herbivory, pollination, predation, latitude, generalist, parasitism, niche-breadth},
	pages = {141--145},
}

@article{vazquezLatitudinalGradientNiche2004,
	title = {The {Latitudinal} {Gradient} in {Niche} {Breadth}: {Concepts} and {Evidence}.},
	volume = {164},
	issn = {0003-0147},
	shorttitle = {The {Latitudinal} {Gradient} in {Niche} {Breadth}},
	url = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/421445},
	doi = {10.1086/421445},
	abstract = {We examine Robert MacArthur’s hypothesis that niche breadth is positively associated with latitude (the latitude–niche breadth hypothesis). This idea has been influential and long standing, yet no studies have evaluated its generality or the validity of its assumptions. We review the theoretical arguments suggesting a positive relationship between niche breadth and latitude. We also use available evidence to evaluate the assumptions and predictions of MacArthur’s latitude–niche breadth hypothesis. We find that neither the assumptions nor the predictions of the hypothesis are supported by data. We propose an alternative hypothesis linking latitude with niche breadth. Unlike previous ideas, our conceptual framework does not require equilibrial assumptions and is based on recently uncovered patterns of species interactions.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2024-04-16},
	journal = {The American Naturalist},
	author = {Vázquez, Diego P. and Stevens, Richard D.},
	month = jul,
	year = {2004},
	note = {Publisher: The University of Chicago Press},
	keywords = {species richness, environmental variability, specialization, niche breadth, latitudinal gradients, population variability},
	pages = {E1--E19},
}

@article{clarkAbolishingVirginity1996,
	title = {Abolishing {Virginity}},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {0266-4674},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/2559975},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2024-04-16},
	journal = {Journal of Tropical Ecology},
	author = {Clark, David B.},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Publisher: Cambridge University Press},
	pages = {735--739},
	file = {Clark - 1996 - Abolishing virginity.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/MIFZ88NM/Clark - 1996 - Abolishing virginity.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{southwoodTropicalEcologyGroup1964,
	title = {Tropical {Ecology} {Group}--1962},
	volume = {52},
	issn = {0022-0477},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/2257797},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2024-04-16},
	journal = {Journal of Ecology},
	author = {Southwood, T. R. E.},
	year = {1964},
	note = {Publisher: [Wiley, British Ecological Society]},
	pages = {228--231},
	file = {Southwood - 1964 - Tropical Ecology Group--1962.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/36PDZHWE/Southwood - 1964 - Tropical Ecology Group--1962.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{menadueTrystsTropiquesTorrid2017,
	title = {Trysts {Tropiques}: {The} {Torrid} {Jungles} of {Science} {Fiction}},
	volume = {16},
	issn = {1448-2940},
	shorttitle = {Trysts {Tropiques}},
	url = {https://journals.jcu.edu.au/etropic/article/view/3570},
	doi = {10.25120/etropic.16.1.2017.3570},
	abstract = {In science fiction magazines of the first half of the twentieth century, tropical environments are chaotic domains where civilised restrictions do not apply. Visitors who cross the boundary between civilisation and jungle exhibit carnal desires and violent behaviours in response to the opportunities and threats they encounter. Mysterious cities and settlements hidden in the jungle and inhabited by supernatural beings are a common feature of science fiction of this period. The tropics are ‘torrid’ in both a human, emotional sense, as well as in the sense of Aristotle’s definition of a geographical area that is virtually uninhabitable due to the hostility of the climate (Physics, 362a33-362b29). However, by the end of the century, the tropical jungle had been transformed in science fiction into something positive and less fearsome; a rich ecological reserve, endangered, and in need of preservation. Tropical science fiction narratives reflect a changing public understanding of the tropics, and illustrate the value of science fiction as a record of the history of changes in social and cultural values.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2024-04-18},
	journal = {eTropic: electronic journal of studies in the Tropics},
	author = {Menadue, Christopher B.},
	month = may,
	year = {2017},
	file = {Menadue - 2017 - Trysts Tropiques The Torrid Jungles of Science Fi.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/EBHMQU5R/Menadue - 2017 - Trysts Tropiques The Torrid Jungles of Science Fi.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{claytonDecolonisationUnhomelyTropicality2022,
	title = {Decolonisation and the unhomely tropicality of {Pierre} {Gourou} and {Orlando} {Ribeiro}, 1943-1982},
	issn = {1519-1265, 2316-7793},
	url = {http://journals.openedition.org/terrabrasilis/11046},
	doi = {10.4000/terrabrasilis.11046},
	language = {en},
	number = {17},
	urldate = {2024-04-18},
	journal = {Terra Brasilis},
	author = {Clayton, Daniel},
	month = jun,
	year = {2022},
	file = {Clayton - 2022 - Decolonisation and the unhomely tropicality of Pie.pdf:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/XEJK4F52/Clayton - 2022 - Decolonisation and the unhomely tropicality of Pie.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{lundbergTropicalLandscapesNatureCulture2022,
	title = {Tropical {Landscapes} and {Nature}-{Culture} {Entanglements}: {Reading} {Tropicality} via {Avatar}},
	volume = {21},
	copyright = {Copyright (c) 2022 CC-BY},
	issn = {1448-2940},
	shorttitle = {Tropical {Landscapes} and {Nature}-{Culture} {Entanglements}},
	url = {https://journals.jcu.edu.au/etropic/article/view/3877},
	doi = {10.25120/etropic.21.1.2022.3877},
	abstract = {Landscape integrates both natural and cultural aspects of a particular geographical area. Environmental elements include geological landforms, waterscapes, seascapes, climate and weather, flora and fauna. They also necessarily involve human perception and inscription which reflect histories of extraction and excavation, of planting and settlement, of design and pollution. Natural elements and cultural shaping by humans – past, present, and future – means landscapes reflect living entanglements involving people, materiality, space and place. A landscape’s physicality is entwined with layers of human meaning and value – and tropical landscapes have particular significance. The Tropics is far more than geographic and needs to be understood through the notion of tropicality. Tropicality refers to how the tropics are construed as the exoticised Other of the temperate Western world as this is informed by cultural, imperial, and scientific practices. In this imaginary – in which the tropics are depicted through nature tropes as either fecund paradise or fetid hell – the temperate is portrayed as civilised and the tropical as requiring cultivation. In order to frame this Special Issue through an example that evokes tropicality we undertake an ethnographic and ecocritical reading of Avatar. The film Avatar is redolent with images of tropical landscapes and their nature-culture entanglements. It furthermore reveals classic pictorial tropes of exoticism, which are in turn informed by colonialism and its underlying notions of technologism verses primitivism. Furthermore, Avatar calls to mind the theories of rhizomatics and archipelagic consciousness.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2024-04-18},
	journal = {eTropic: electronic journal of studies in the Tropics},
	author = {Lundberg, Anita and Regis, Hannah and Agbonifo, John},
	month = jul,
	year = {2022},
	note = {Number: 1},
	keywords = {archipelagic consciousness},
	pages = {1--27},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/X4ZIK2QL/Lundberg et al. - 2022 - Tropical Landscapes and Nature-Culture Entanglemen.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{fournierRefsplitrAuthorName2020,
	title = {refsplitr: {Author} name disambiguation, author georeferencing, and mapping of coauthorship networks with {Web} of {Science} data},
	volume = {5},
	issn = {2475-9066},
	shorttitle = {refsplitr},
	url = {https://joss.theoj.org/papers/10.21105/joss.02028},
	doi = {10.21105/joss.02028},
	abstract = {Fournier et al., (2020). refsplitr: Author name disambiguation, author georeferencing, and mapping of coauthorship networks with Web of Science data. Journal of Open Source Software, 5(45), 2028, https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.02028},
	language = {en},
	number = {45},
	urldate = {2020-08-11},
	journal = {Journal of Open Source Software},
	author = {Fournier, Auriel M. V. and Boone, Matthew E. and Stevens, Forrest R. and Bruna, Emilio M.},
	month = jan,
	year = {2020},
	pages = {2028},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/7ZMA2L9J/Fournier et al. - 2020 - refsplitr Author name disambiguation, author geor.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/CNJF3Q8V/joss.html:text/html;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/JKKIIPTF/joss.html:text/html},
}

@article{schonlauTextMiningNgram2017,
	title = {Text {Mining} with n-gram {Variables}},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {1536-867X},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1536867X1801700406},
	doi = {10.1177/1536867X1801700406},
	abstract = {Text mining is the process of turning free text into numerical variables and then analyzing them with statistical techniques. We introduce the command ngram, which implements the most common approach to text mining, the ?bag of words?. An n-gram is a contiguous sequence of words in a text. Broadly speaking, ngram creates hundreds or thousands of variables, each recording how often the corresponding n-gram occurs in a given text. This is more useful than it sounds. We illustrate ngram with the categorization of text answers from two open-ended questions.},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2024-06-11},
	journal = {The Stata Journal},
	author = {Schonlau, Matthias and Guenther, Nick and Sucholutsky, Ilia},
	month = dec,
	year = {2017},
	note = {Publisher: SAGE Publications},
	pages = {866--881},
	file = {SAGE PDF Full Text:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/VGIUW47Z/Schonlau et al. - 2017 - Text Mining with n-gram Variables.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{monge-najeraCountriesLanguagesThat2005,
	title = {The countries and languages that dominate biological research at the beginning of the 21st century},
	volume = {53},
	issn = {0034-7744},
	url = {http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0034-77442005000100031&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en},
	language = {en},
	number = {1-2},
	urldate = {2024-07-15},
	journal = {Revista de Biología Tropical},
	author = {Monge-Nájera, Julián and Nielsen, Vanessa},
	month = jun,
	year = {2005},
	note = {Publisher: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0},
	pages = {283--294},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/A9MMVIFF/scielo.html:text/html},
}

@article{powersBiotropicaFirstOpen2024,
	title = {\textit{ {Biotropica} }'s first open call for editorial service},
	volume = {56},
	copyright = {© 2024 The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation.},
	issn = {1744-7429},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/btp.13339},
	doi = {10.1111/btp.13339},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2024-08-20},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	author = {Powers, Jennifer S. and Ratnam, Jayashree and Slade, Eleanor},
	year = {2024},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/btp.13339},
	pages = {e13339},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/4EBQKA2M/Powers et al. - 2024 - Biotropica's first open call for editorial service.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/2MJ963ZB/btp.html:text/html},
}

@article{maioCienciaNaPeriferia2000,
	title = {Ciência na periferia: a {Unesco}, a proposta de criação do {Instituto} {Internacional} da {Hiléia} {Amazônica} e as origens do {Inpa}},
	volume = {6},
	issn = {0104-5970, 1678-4758},
	shorttitle = {Ciência na periferia},
	url = {https://www.scielo.br/j/hcsm/a/zgycnLqDJf4JQRXkCmwdQkP/?lang=pt},
	doi = {10.1590/S0104-59702000000500011},
	abstract = {Este artigo aborda as tentativas feitas, entre 1945 e 1952, de se criar uma instituição científica na Amazônia, sobretudo a proposta do cientista Paulo Estevão de Berrêdo Carneiro de criação do Instituto Internacional da Hiléia Amazônica (IIHA), com o patrocínio da Unesco. A literatura sobre o tema enfatiza o fracasso do IIHA em decorrência da ideologia nacionalista. Evitando operar com a idéia de êxito/fracasso, sugerimos que os impasses do projeto resultaram também de visões distintas acerca do papel social da ciência no pós-guerra. É destacada ainda a importância das disputas que surgiram nos primórdios da Unesco, quando a agência recém-criada objetivava implementar política de colaboração científica no plano internacional, acima das competições. Os percalços do plano IIHA devem-se também aos frágeis vínculos entre o projeto da Unesco e a comunidade científica brasileira. Contudo, o projeto do IIHA gerou um efeito não previsto: o Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (Inpa).},
	language = {pt},
	urldate = {2024-08-20},
	journal = {História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos},
	author = {Maio, Marcos Chor and Sá, Magali Romero},
	month = sep,
	year = {2000},
	note = {Publisher: Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz},
	keywords = {Amazônia, comunidade científica, história da ciência, Instituto Internacional da Hiléia Amazônica, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, sociologia da ciência, Unesco},
	pages = {975--1017},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/L2KZRHYW/Maio and Sá - 2000 - Ciência na periferia a Unesco, a proposta de cria.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ferreiradeathaydeParticipatoryResearchManagement2006,
	title = {Participatory {Research} and {Management} of {Arumã} (\textit{ {Ischnosiphon} gracilis }  [{Rudge}[{Köern}., {Marantaceae}) by the {Kaiabi} {People} in the {Brazilian} {Amazon}},
	volume = {26},
	issn = {0278-0771},
	url = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.2993/0278-0771_2006_26_36_pramoa_2.0.co_2},
	doi = {10.2993/0278-0771_2006_26_36_pramoa_2.0.co_2},
	abstract = {Participatory research among the Kaiabi people at Xingu Indigenous Park in the southern Brazilian Amazon was conducted to support sound natural resource management. We studied aspects of the ethnoecology of an understory herbaceous plant, arumã (Ischnosiphon gracilis, Marantaceae), used in basketry weaving by Kaiabi men. Results of a three-year survey comparing arumã populations and of a transplanting experiment evaluating the growth of arumã seedlings in four different habitat types are presented. These, combined with discussions with Kaiabi communities and with results of studies conducted in other parts of the Amazon Basin, support a five-year rotating management strategy that allows for regeneration of harvested arumã populations.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2024-08-20},
	journal = {Journal of Ethnobiology},
	author = {Ferreira de Athayde, Simone and Mosimann da Silva, Geraldo and Kaiabi, Jewyt and Kaiabi, Myauiup and Rocha de Souza, Helder and Ono, KÁTia and Bruna, Emilio M.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2006},
	note = {Publisher: SAGE Publications},
	pages = {36--59},
	file = {SAGE PDF Full Text:/Users/emiliobruna/Zotero/storage/FTE8AQTG/Ferreira De Athayde et al. - 2006 - Participatory Research and Management of Arumã (Is.pdf:application/pdf},
}