Comprehensive coding standards

documentation/specifications/CodingStandardsVersion3.md

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+# Coding Standards for The Republic Project
+
+Maintaining high coding standards is essential for the success and longevity of The Republic project. This document outlines comprehensive guidelines and best practices to ensure a clean, readable, and maintainable codebase.
+
+## 1. General Guidelines
+
+### 1.1 Indentation and Formatting
+
+- Use 4 spaces for indentation to enhance code structure and readability.
+- Maintain consistent formatting throughout the codebase.
+
+### 1.2 Single Statement per Line
+
+- Write each statement on a separate line for improved clarity and readability.
+- Avoid cramming multiple statements into a single line.
+
+Example:
+```typescript
+// Good
+let firstName = "John";
+let lastName = "Doe";
+
+// Avoid
+let firstName = "John"; let lastName = "Doe";
+```
+
+## 2. Naming Conventions
+
+### 2.1 Variables
+
+- Use camelCase for variable names.
+  - Start with a lowercase letter and capitalize subsequent words.
+- Use UPPER_SNAKE_CASE for constants.
+
+Examples:
+```typescript
+let userAge: number = 25;
+const MAX_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS: number = 3;
+```
+
+### 2.2 Functions
+
+- Use camelCase for function names.
+- Choose descriptive names that clearly indicate the function's purpose.
+
+Example:
+```typescript
+function calculateTotalPrice(items: Item[]): number {
+    // Function logic
+}
+```
+
+### 2.3 Files
+
+- Use PascalCase for component files.
+- Use kebab-case for utility and non-component files.
+
+Examples:
+```
+UserProfile.tsx
+auth-utils.ts
+```
+
+## 3. Code Structure
+
+### 3.1 Comments
+
+- Add comments for function descriptions and complex logic explanations.
+- Use JSDoc style comments for functions and classes.
+
+Example:
+```typescript
+/**
+ * Calculates the total price of items in the shopping cart.
+ * @param {Item[]} items - An array of items in the cart.
+ * @returns {number} The total price of all items.
+ */
+function calculateTotalPrice(items: Item[]): number {
+    // Function logic
+}
+```
+
+## 4. Error Handling
+
+- Implement robust error handling to improve application stability.
+- Provide meaningful error messages for better debugging and user experience.
+
+Example:
+```typescript
+try {
+    const result = await fetchUserData(userId);
+    processUserData(result);
+} catch (error) {
+    console.error(`Failed to fetch user data: ${error.message}`);
+    notifyUser("Unable to retrieve your information. Please try again later.");
+}
+```
+
+## 5. Testing Standards
+
+### 5.1 Unit Testing
+
+- Write unit tests for individual functions, components, and utilities.
+- Aim for high code coverage, especially for critical parts of the application.
+
+Example using Jest:
+```typescript
+describe('calculateTotalPrice', () => {
+    it('should correctly sum the prices of all items', () => {
+        const items = [
+            { name: 'Apple', price: 0.5 },
+            { name: 'Banana', price: 0.3 },
+            { name: 'Orange', price: 0.7 }
+        ];
+        expect(calculateTotalPrice(items)).toBe(1.5);
+    });
+});
+```
+
+### 5.2 Integration and E2E Testing
+
+- Implement integration tests to verify interactions between components.
+- Use end-to-end (E2E) tests to simulate user workflows.
+
+Example using Cypress:
+```typescript
+describe('User Registration', () => {
+    it('should successfully register a new user', () => {
+        cy.visit('/register');
+        cy.get('#username').type('newuser123');
+        cy.get('#email').type('newuser@example.com');
+        cy.get('#password').type('securepassword123');
+        cy.get('#register-button').click();
+        cy.url().should('include', '/dashboard');
+        cy.contains('Welcome, newuser123!').should('be.visible');
+    });
+});
+```
+
+## 6. Version Control Practices
+
+### 6.1 Git Flow
+
+Adopt the Git Flow branching strategy:
+
+- `main`: Stable production code
+- `develop`: Integration branch for features
+- `feature/*`: For new features or enhancements
+- `hotfix/*`: For critical bug fixes
+
+### 6.2 Commit Messages
+
+Write clear and descriptive commit messages:
+
+```
+feat: Add user authentication system
+
+- Implement JWT-based authentication
+- Create login and registration endpoints
+- Add middleware for protected routes
+```
+
+### 6.3 Code Reviews
+
+- Conduct thorough code reviews for all pull requests.
+- Use automated checks for linting, testing, and code coverage.
+- Provide constructive feedback and ensure adherence to coding standards.
+
+## 7. Continuous Integration and Deployment (CI/CD)
+
+- Implement automated CI/CD pipelines for consistent and reliable deployments.
+- Include stages for linting, testing, building, and deploying the application.
+
+Example GitLab CI/CD configuration:
+```yaml
+stages:
+  - lint
+  - test
+  - build
+  - deploy
+
+lint:
+  stage: lint
+  script:
+    - npm run lint
+
+test:
+  stage: test
+  script:
+    - npm run test
+
+build:
+  stage: build
+  script:
+    - npm run build
+
+deploy:
+  stage: deploy
+  script:
+    - ./deploy.sh
+  only:
+    - main
+```
+
+By following these comprehensive coding standards, we ensure consistency, quality, and maintainability throughout the development lifecycle of The Republic project.