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Merge pull request #442 from DOI-ONRR/dev
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Update edits to Federal Sales Blog
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AlexandracmONRR authored Nov 21, 2024
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date: "2024-11-19"
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Design studios establish project requirements, define the problem, and explore many solutions. When the Open Data, Design, and Development (ODDD) team took on the challenging project of adding federal sales data to the [revenuedata.doi.gov](revenuedata.doi.gov) (NRRD) site, we decided it was necessary to use design studios. Design studios would help us to develop the best possible design and content solutions on a short timeline.
Design studios establish project requirements, define the problem, and explore many solutions. When the Open Data, Design, and Development (ODDD) team took on the challenging project of adding federal sales data to the [revenuedata.doi.gov](https://revenuedata.doi.gov/) (NRRD) site, we decided it was necessary to use design studios. Design studios would help us to develop the best possible design and content solutions on a short timeline.

In the past, we limited design studio participants to ODDD team members. For this project, we included subject matter experts (SMEs) throughout the Office of Natural Resources Revenue (ONRR) for 2 reasons:
- Our team wanted to increase user and stakeholder participation in our design work;
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Participatory design encourages product teams to include users in every step of the design process. Due to project restrictions, we were not able to include external users in the design studios. However, some of our SMEs were also users of this federal sales dataset and NRRD, so we were able to include some actual users into our design studios. After the design studios, we performed user research on the prototypes and draft webpages with ONRR and U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) employees. This allowed us to gather user feedback and make impactful updates. Now that the dataset is public, we plan to include external users in future research studies.

## Background
This project started with requirements from outside of our agency. ONRR received a [recommendation](https://www.oversight.gov/sites/default/files/oig-reports/DOI/Final-Inspection-ReportEffectiveRoyaltyRatesPublic.pdf) from the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) to “Develop and implement a means of communicating the oil and gas effective royalty rates to stakeholders and decision makers on an ongoing basis.” Due to the short project timeline, we were unable to perform discovery research. This research would have helped us assess the demand for including effective royalty rate data on our public sites. However, in past user research studies, participants requested federal sales data on NRRD. The federal sales dataset includes the effective royalty rate. Publishing the federal sales dataset would meet the OIG recommendation and user needs.
This project started with requirements from outside of our agency. ONRR received a [recommendation](https://www.doioig.gov/reports/inspection-evaluation/us-department-interior-does-not-analyze-effective-royalty-rates) from the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) to “Develop and implement a means of communicating the oil and gas effective royalty rates to stakeholders and decision makers on an ongoing basis.” Due to the short project timeline, we were unable to perform discovery research. This research would have helped us assess the demand for including effective royalty rate data on our public sites. However, in past user research studies, participants requested federal sales data on NRRD. The federal sales dataset includes the effective royalty rate. Publishing the federal sales dataset would meet the OIG recommendation and user needs.

## Design Studios
We adapted our [design studio process](https://blog-nrrd.doi.gov/trends-design-studio/) to meet the needs and requirements of the OIG recommendation. We start design studios with a session where we “define appetite.” Appetite is our interest and capacity to take on the project. Because the OIG recommendation required us to publish federal sales data, defining appetite was not an effective use of our time. We already knew we had to complete a specific task by a defined deadline.
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## User testing
We used design studios to identify problems and agree on solutions. User testing helped us find usability issues and incorporate user feedback into the final product.

We recruited participants outside of the design studio team for user interviews. These participants were unaware of the OIG recommendation. They were also unfamiliar with internal processes related to this data. We limited our participants to DOI employees because this dataset was a new and unfinalized. We recruited DOI employees that used ONRR data but do not produce ONRR datasets.
We recruited participants outside of the design studio team for user interviews. These participants were unaware of the OIG recommendation. They were also unfamiliar with internal processes related to this data. We limited our participants to DOI employees because this dataset was new and unfinalized. We recruited DOI employees that used ONRR data but do not produce ONRR datasets.

### Round 1
This round included usability testing for prototypes of the download data and query pages. The ODDD team held a total of 13 user interviews with each lasting about 45 minutes. The participants provided valuable information, including 32 recommendations for improvement. An example of a recommendation for the query tool was to switch position of Sales Value and Sales Volume columns. This change would make the dataset reflect the ONRR 2014 form. An example of a recommendation for the download data page was to clarify the equation. This change would help users understand the progression of how reporters calculate royalties. ODDD implemented several of these recommendations immediately to improve the product.
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- **Identify roles on the ODDD team** for the design studio and user testing parts of this project. This includes roles, such as a project manager, interview, recruitment, and analysis.
- For complex projects, **create a project plan for project managers** to communicate the required level of effort. This includes defining each task, the timeline of each task, and prioritization of the project in comparison to other work.
- **Provide basic notes on decisions made and action items** to team and participants in design studios. This could be in a running list of notes sent to entire design group after each meeting. These notes will remind participants of decisions made and action items.
- **Provide basic notes on decisions made and action items** to team and participants in design studios. This could be in a running list of notes sent to the entire design group after each meeting. These notes will remind participants of decisions made and action items.
- Continue to plan projects that **move the team towards participatory design**. This project was the first time the team included people outside of ODDD in design studios. These stakeholders enhanced our understanding of this dataset and the end user's needs.

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