Simple-stats-in-R-or-otherwise

The usual suspects - T-tests; ANOVA; adjust P values etc

Can be in R or any other software...as long as it's free! (or excel) Please give:

1. Name of the statistical analysis
2. Name and version of software
3. Example data (can be first 6 rows of real data for example)
4. What you are testing with this statistical analysis
5. What kind of data you should have to use this analysis