Smart driveway gate controlled by a raspberry pi.
As the source code creator, I'm not labile for damages done to personal property or persons. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK
The server code architecture is a RESTful api, allowing for a span of devices to control the gate. Server code is written in python (3.5.3) with the flask library (1.0.2). The RPi.GPIO library is also used to control the linear actuator from the raspberry pi.
Identifying the position at startup is accomplished by running pin# for 30 seconds which moves the gate to a known position (fully open). An integer is also initialized and set to 0 used for tracking.
self.running = False # prevents multiple actions at same time
self.status = 0 # integer represents gate location (0 = fully open, 10 fully closed)
self.EmeStop = False # stops gate if true
# Initialize the gate to be fully open
GPIO.setup(pin2,GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.output(pin2,False)
time.sleep(30) # leave pin on for 30 seconds
GPIO.output(pin2,True)After identifying the gates position, tracking can begin. Using a range of integers (0-10) to represent locations, each integer also represents a single second in time. An integer based system allows for simple logic to take place with different situations. For example, the gate is fully open "position 0" and moving to be closed "position 10", during the closing the user stops the gate at position 6 then reopens the gate; Looping from 6 down to 0, equivalent to running for 5 seconds, will bring the gate back to fully open. The gateController function within the gate class handles this operation.
def gateController(self,PinNumber):
GPIO.setup(PinNumber,GPIO.OUT) # set up pin
if PinNumber == 20 and self.status != 0: # Check pin number and not already closed
self.running = True # set the gate to running
for a in range(self.status,-1, -1): # loop down to 0 (fully open)
self.status = a # keep track of location
if self.EmeStop == True: # check to stop the gate
GPIO.output(PinNumber,True)
self.running = False # gate not running when stopped
break
else:
time.sleep(1) # each integer can also represents a second of time
GPIO.output(PinNumber,False)
GPIO.output(PinNumber,True)
self.running = False
# pin 16 is very similar to the pin 20
elif PinNumber == 16 and self.status != 10:
self.running = True
for b in range(self.status, gateClosing+1): # loop up to 10 (fully closed)
self.status = b
if self.EmeStop == True:
GPIO.output(PinNumber,True)
self.running = False
break
else:
time.sleep(1)
GPIO.output(PinNumber,False)
GPIO.output(PinNumber,True)
self.running = FalseI created a IOS app that demonstrates how to open, close and stop the gate through post requests. Repro here
A single endpoint exist "/gate" that allows for Post and Get requests. A post request takes in application/JSON with one object a gate command. Three gate commands exist "open","close" and "stop". Security will need to be upgraded to either Oauth2.0 or token-based.
Example Post request
{
"gate":"open",
}Get request to the endpoint will respond with the gates position (integer from 0-10).
-
Raspberry Pi (Raspberry Pi 3 - Model B+ $35.00)
-
12 volt Linear Actuator ( Linear Actuator $66.99)
-
Two Channel relay (SainSmart 2-Channel Relay Module $8.99)
Not need, but helps with soldering 4. Adafruit DC & Stepper Motor HAT for Raspberry Pi - Mini Kit (Stepper Motor HAT for Raspberry Pi $22.50)
There are many tutorials on how to hook up a raspberry pi to a relay. Below are some links I used and pictures.
Note: Im using pins 20 and 16 on the raspberry pi, if these are changed they will need to be changed in server code lines 7-8.
https://tutorials-raspberrypi.com/raspberry-pi-control-relay-switch-via-gpio/
https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=36225
A microSD card with at least 8GB of storage is needed to install a OS on your raspberryPI.
I recommend Raspbian Stretch Lite OS installed using this tutorial.
Note: Raspbian Stretch Lite as no UI, so having a understanding of CLI or ssh is necessary.
By default python3 should be install on Raspbian Stretch Lite.
Test by running
python3 --version
Python3 imports
The only pip library needed is flask, the RPi.GPIO library is installed by default.
pip install flask
or
pip3 install flask
IP address settings
To connect your PI to your wireless network use this tutorial.
A static ip address must be assigned from the router or pi. I recommend from the router to prevent a duplicate address.
Note this allows for commands to be set only from your local network.
- Login into the raspberryPI and clone the repository.
Clone the repository with git.
git clone https://github.com/MitchTODO/Smart-driveway-gate.git
-
cd into the repository.
cd Smart-driveway-gate -
Port and Ip address.
For more info on finding your private IP address go here. Info on ports go here.
Sudo nano into gateServer.py, change to your ip address and port settings (last line in file).
sudo nano gateServer.py
-
Run gateServer.py
python3 gateServer.py
You should see flask start up and running.
I recommend testing the api from a tool called postman.
Auto running at Startup
Five Ways To Run a Program On Your Raspberry Pi At Startup
It seems the best way to run python from rc.local is by running a compiled script from rc.local. Then within the script run your python.
- Create a cpp file.
#include <cstdlib>
int main(){
system("python3 /home/pi/Smart-driveway-gate/gateServer.py");
return 0;
}-
Compile using gcc.
gcc autorun.cpp -
Edit /etc/rc.local and add the following line before "exit 0".
su pi -c '/home/pi/a.out' &
Note: Opening any ports on a route can be potentially dangerous.
This is done by port forwarding from your router to your pi.
I recommended buying a domain name over a public IP allowing HTTPS.
For those who have static public ip address, create an "A" record from your DNS provider.
Otherwise, use dynamic DNS.
Free ssl certificates provided by open source CA called LetsEncrypt. This allow for secure channel when connecting to the pi API.
Please feel free to add and revise.
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GNU General Public License v2.0