core: add short slip safety speed to buffer stops

[eckter]

Fix #9283

[codecov-commenter]

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Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 85.00000% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 38.55%. Comparing base (b38f9e2) to head (1277ef6).
Report is 7 commits behind head on dev.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...in/java/fr/sncf/osrd/standalone_sim/SafetySpeed.kt	85.00%	1 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️

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Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##                dev    #9300      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     38.45%   38.55%   +0.10%     
- Complexity     2244     2245       +1     
============================================
  Files          1288     1288              
  Lines         98429    98470      +41     
  Branches       3273     3276       +3     
============================================
+ Hits          37855    37970     +115     
+ Misses        58637    58561      -76     
- Partials       1937     1939       +2     

Flag	Coverage Δ
core	74.98% <85.00%> (+0.10%)	⬆️
editoast	72.39% <ø> (+0.30%)	⬆️
front	10.13% <ø> (-0.01%)	⬇️
gateway	2.19% <ø> (ø)
osrdyne	2.43% <ø> (ø)
railjson_generator	87.49% <ø> (ø)
tests	86.71% <ø> (ø)

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[bougue-pe]

Thanks for the digging on that!