Ruleset::processRuleset(): add various tests for things not already covered

tests/Core/Ruleset/Fixtures/InvalidNoSniffsDir/ruleset.xml

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+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<ruleset xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" name="InvalidNoSniffsDir" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PHPCSStandards/PHP_CodeSniffer/master/phpcs.xsd">
+
+</ruleset>

tests/Core/Ruleset/ProcessRulesetAutoExpandSniffsDirectoryTest.xml

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+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<ruleset xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" name="ProcessRulesetTest" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PHPCSStandards/PHP_CodeSniffer/master/phpcs.xsd">
+
+    <config name="installed_paths" value="./tests/Core/Ruleset/Fixtures/TestStandard/"/>
+
+    <rule ref="TestStandard"/>
+
+</ruleset>

tests/Core/Ruleset/ProcessRulesetExcludeSniffGroupTest.xml

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+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<ruleset xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" name="ProcessRulesetTest" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PHPCSStandards/PHP_CodeSniffer/master/phpcs.xsd">
+
+    <rule ref="PSR1">
+        <exclude name="Generic"/>
+        <exclude name="PSR1.Files"/>
+        <exclude name="Squiz.Classes.ValidClassName"/>
+    </rule>
+
+</ruleset>
+

tests/Core/Ruleset/ProcessRulesetInvalidNoSniffsDirTest.xml

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+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<ruleset xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" name="ProcessRulesetTest" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PHPCSStandards/PHP_CodeSniffer/master/phpcs.xsd">
+
+    <config name="installed_paths" value="./tests/Core/Ruleset/Fixtures/InvalidNoSniffsDir/"/>
+
+    <rule ref="InvalidNoSniffsDir"/>
+
+    <!-- Prevent a "no sniff were registered" error. -->
+    <rule ref="Generic.PHP.BacktickOperator"/>
+</ruleset>

tests/Core/Ruleset/ProcessRulesetMiscTest.xml

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+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<ruleset xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" name="ProcessRulesetTest" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PHPCSStandards/PHP_CodeSniffer/master/phpcs.xsd">
+
+    <!-- Error handling: Ini missing "name" will be ignored. -->
+    <ini value="2"/>
+
+    <!-- Error handling: Ini missing "value" will be set to true. -->
+    <ini name="user_agent"/>
+
+    <!-- Include of error code after previous exclude of most of a sniff via another error code include. -->
+    <rule ref="PEAR.Files.IncludingFile.BracketsNotRequired"/>
+    <rule ref="PEAR.Files.IncludingFile.UseRequire"/>
+
+    <!-- Include single error code. -->
+    <rule ref="Generic.PHP.RequireStrictTypes.MissingDeclaration"/>
+
+    <!-- Error handling: Rule without ref. -->
+    <rule name="Generic.Metrics.CyclomaticComplexity"/>
+
+    <!-- Error handling: Exclude without name. -->
+    <rule ref="Generic.PHP.BacktickOperator">
+        <exclude ref="Generic.PHP.BacktickOperator.Found"/>
+    </rule>
+
+</ruleset>

tests/Core/Ruleset/ProcessRulesetTest.php

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+<?php
+/**
+ * Test the Ruleset::processRuleset() method.
+ *
+ * @author    Juliette Reinders Folmer <phpcs_nospam@adviesenzo.nl>
+ * @copyright 2024 PHPCSStandards and contributors
+ * @license   https://github.com/PHPCSStandards/PHP_CodeSniffer/blob/master/licence.txt BSD Licence
+ */
+
+namespace PHP_CodeSniffer\Tests\Core\Ruleset;
+
+use PHP_CodeSniffer\Ruleset;
+use PHP_CodeSniffer\Tests\ConfigDouble;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+
+/**
+ * Test various aspects of the Ruleset::processRuleset() method not covered via other tests.
+ *
+ * @covers \PHP_CodeSniffer\Ruleset::processRuleset
+ */
+final class ProcessRulesetTest extends TestCase
+{
+
+
+    /**
+     * Verify that a registered standard which doesn't have a "Sniffs" directory, but does have a file
+     * called "Sniffs" doesn't result in any errors being thrown.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testSniffsFileNotDirectory()
+    {
+        // Set up the ruleset.
+        $standard = __DIR__.'/ProcessRulesetInvalidNoSniffsDirTest.xml';
+        $config   = new ConfigDouble(["--standard=$standard"]);
+        $ruleset  = new Ruleset($config);
+
+        $expected = ['Generic.PHP.BacktickOperator' => 'PHP_CodeSniffer\Standards\Generic\Sniffs\PHP\BacktickOperatorSniff'];
+
+        $this->assertSame($expected, $ruleset->sniffCodes);
+
+    }//end testSniffsFileNotDirectory()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Verify that all sniffs in a registered standard included in a ruleset automatically get added.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testAutoExpandSniffsDirectory()
+    {
+        // Set up the ruleset.
+        $standard = __DIR__.'/ProcessRulesetAutoExpandSniffsDirectoryTest.xml';
+        $config   = new ConfigDouble(["--standard=$standard"]);
+        $ruleset  = new Ruleset($config);
+
+        $std      = 'TestStandard';
+        $sniffDir = 'Fixtures\TestStandard\Sniffs';
+        $expected = [
+            "$std.Deprecated.WithLongReplacement"                    => "$sniffDir\Deprecated\WithLongReplacementSniff",
+            "$std.Deprecated.WithReplacement"                        => "$sniffDir\Deprecated\WithReplacementSniff",
+            "$std.Deprecated.WithReplacementContainingLinuxNewlines" => "$sniffDir\Deprecated\WithReplacementContainingLinuxNewlinesSniff",
+            "$std.Deprecated.WithReplacementContainingNewlines"      => "$sniffDir\Deprecated\WithReplacementContainingNewlinesSniff",
+            "$std.Deprecated.WithoutReplacement"                     => "$sniffDir\Deprecated\WithoutReplacementSniff",
+            "$std.DeprecatedInvalid.EmptyDeprecationVersion"         => "$sniffDir\DeprecatedInvalid\EmptyDeprecationVersionSniff",
+            "$std.DeprecatedInvalid.EmptyRemovalVersion"             => "$sniffDir\DeprecatedInvalid\EmptyRemovalVersionSniff",
+            "$std.DeprecatedInvalid.InvalidDeprecationMessage"       => "$sniffDir\DeprecatedInvalid\InvalidDeprecationMessageSniff",
+            "$std.DeprecatedInvalid.InvalidDeprecationVersion"       => "$sniffDir\DeprecatedInvalid\InvalidDeprecationVersionSniff",
+            "$std.DeprecatedInvalid.InvalidRemovalVersion"           => "$sniffDir\DeprecatedInvalid\InvalidRemovalVersionSniff",
+            "$std.SetProperty.AllowedAsDeclared"                     => "$sniffDir\SetProperty\AllowedAsDeclaredSniff",
+            "$std.SetProperty.AllowedViaMagicMethod"                 => "$sniffDir\SetProperty\AllowedViaMagicMethodSniff",
+            "$std.SetProperty.AllowedViaStdClass"                    => "$sniffDir\SetProperty\AllowedViaStdClassSniff",
+            "$std.SetProperty.NotAllowedViaAttribute"                => "$sniffDir\SetProperty\NotAllowedViaAttributeSniff",
+            "$std.SetProperty.PropertyTypeHandling"                  => "$sniffDir\SetProperty\PropertyTypeHandlingSniff",
+        ];
+
+        // Sort the value to make the tests stable as different OSes will read directories
+        // in a different order and the order is not relevant for these tests. Just the values.
+        $actual = $ruleset->sniffCodes;
+        ksort($actual);
+
+        $this->assertSame($expected, $actual);
+
+    }//end testAutoExpandSniffsDirectory()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Verify handling of exclusions of groups of sniffs after inclusion via an even larger "group".
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testExcludeSniffGroup()
+    {
+        // Set up the ruleset.
+        $standard = __DIR__.'/ProcessRulesetExcludeSniffGroupTest.xml';
+        $config   = new ConfigDouble(["--standard=$standard"]);
+        $ruleset  = new Ruleset($config);
+
+        $expected = [
+            'PSR1.Classes.ClassDeclaration'    => 'PHP_CodeSniffer\Standards\PSR1\Sniffs\Classes\ClassDeclarationSniff',
+            'PSR1.Methods.CamelCapsMethodName' => 'PHP_CodeSniffer\Standards\PSR1\Sniffs\Methods\CamelCapsMethodNameSniff',
+        ];
+
+        $this->assertSame($expected, $ruleset->sniffCodes);
+
+    }//end testExcludeSniffGroup()
+
+
+    /*
+     * No test for <ini> without "name" as there is nothing we can assert to verify it's being ignored.
+     */
+
+
+    /**
+     * Test that an `<ini>` directive without a "value" attribute will be set to the ini equivalent of `true`.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testIniWithoutValue()
+    {
+        $originalValue = ini_get('user_agent');
+
+        // Set up the ruleset.
+        $this->getMiscRuleset();
+
+        $actualValue = ini_get('user_agent');
+        // Reset the ini to its original value before the assertion to ensure it's never left in an incorrect state.
+        if ($originalValue !== false) {
+            ini_set('user_agent', $originalValue);
+        }
+
+        $this->assertSame('1', $actualValue);
+
+    }//end testIniWithoutValue()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Verify that inclusion of a single error code:
+     * - Includes the sniff, but sets "severity" for the sniff to 0;
+     * - Sets "severity" for the specific error code included to 5.;
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testIncludeSingleErrorCode()
+    {
+        // Set up the ruleset.
+        $ruleset = $this->getMiscRuleset();
+
+        $key = 'severity';
+
+        $sniffCode = 'Generic.PHP.RequireStrictTypes';
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey($sniffCode, $ruleset->ruleset, "Sniff $sniffCode not registered");
+        $this->assertTrue(is_array($ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode]), "Sniff $sniffCode is not an array");
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey($key, $ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode], "Directive $key not registered for sniff $sniffCode");
+        $this->assertSame(0, $ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode][$key], "$key has unexpected value for sniff $sniffCode");
+
+        $sniffCode = 'Generic.PHP.RequireStrictTypes.MissingDeclaration';
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey($sniffCode, $ruleset->ruleset, "Sniff $sniffCode not registered");
+        $this->assertTrue(is_array($ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode]), "Sniff $sniffCode is not an array");
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey($key, $ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode], "Directive $key not registered for sniff $sniffCode");
+        $this->assertSame(5, $ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode][$key], "$key has unexpected value for sniff $sniffCode");
+
+    }//end testIncludeSingleErrorCode()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Verify that if all error codes, save one, from a sniff were previously excluded, an include for an additional
+     * error code from that same sniff will be respected.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testErrorCodeIncludeAfterExclude()
+    {
+        // Set up the ruleset.
+        $ruleset = $this->getMiscRuleset();
+
+        $key = 'severity';
+
+        $sniffCode = 'PEAR.Files.IncludingFile';
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey($sniffCode, $ruleset->ruleset, "Sniff $sniffCode not registered");
+        $this->assertTrue(is_array($ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode]), "Sniff $sniffCode is not an array");
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey($key, $ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode], "Directive $key not registered for sniff $sniffCode");
+        $this->assertSame(0, $ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode][$key], "$key has unexpected value for sniff $sniffCode");
+
+        $sniffCode = 'PEAR.Files.IncludingFile.BracketsNotRequired';
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey($sniffCode, $ruleset->ruleset, "Sniff $sniffCode not registered");
+        $this->assertTrue(is_array($ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode]), "Sniff $sniffCode is not an array");
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey($key, $ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode], "Directive $key not registered for sniff $sniffCode");
+        $this->assertSame(5, $ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode][$key], "$key has unexpected value for sniff $sniffCode");
+
+        $sniffCode = 'PEAR.Files.IncludingFile.UseRequire';
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey($sniffCode, $ruleset->ruleset, "Sniff $sniffCode not registered");
+        $this->assertTrue(is_array($ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode]), "Sniff $sniffCode is not an array");
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey($key, $ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode], "Directive $key not registered for sniff $sniffCode");
+        $this->assertSame(5, $ruleset->ruleset[$sniffCode][$key], "$key has unexpected value for sniff $sniffCode");
+
+    }//end testErrorCodeIncludeAfterExclude()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Verify that a <rule> element without a "ref" is completely ignored.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testRuleWithoutRefIsIgnored()
+    {
+        // Set up the ruleset.
+        $ruleset = $this->getMiscRuleset();
+
+        $sniffCode = 'Generic.Metrics.CyclomaticComplexity';
+        $this->assertArrayNotHasKey($sniffCode, $ruleset->sniffCodes, "Sniff $sniffCode registered");
+        $this->assertArrayNotHasKey($sniffCode, $ruleset->ruleset, "Sniff $sniffCode adjusted");
+
+    }//end testRuleWithoutRefIsIgnored()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Verify that no "ruleset adjustments" are registered via an `<exclude>` without a "name".
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testRuleExcludeWithoutNameIsIgnored()
+    {
+        // Set up the ruleset.
+        $ruleset = $this->getMiscRuleset();
+
+        $sniffCode = 'Generic.PHP.BacktickOperator';
+        $this->assertArrayHasKey($sniffCode, $ruleset->sniffCodes, "Sniff $sniffCode not registered");
+        $this->assertArrayNotHasKey($sniffCode, $ruleset->ruleset, "Sniff $sniffCode adjusted");
+
+        $sniffCode = 'Generic.PHP.BacktickOperator.Found';
+        $this->assertArrayNotHasKey($sniffCode, $ruleset->ruleset, "Sniff $sniffCode adjusted");
+
+    }//end testRuleExcludeWithoutNameIsIgnored()
+
+
+    /**
+     * Test Helper.
+     *
+     * @return \PHP_CodeSniffer\Sniffs\Sniff
+     */
+    private function getMiscRuleset()
+    {
+        static $ruleset;
+
+        if (isset($ruleset) === false) {
+            // Set up the ruleset.
+            $standard = __DIR__.'/ProcessRulesetMiscTest.xml';
+            $config   = new ConfigDouble(["--standard=$standard"]);
+            $ruleset  = new Ruleset($config);
+        }
+
+        return $ruleset;
+
+    }//end getMiscRuleset()
+
+
+}//end class