PS-9244 fix: binlog_server fails to resume copying binlog file after server restart

[percona-ysorokin]

https://perconadev.atlassian.net/browse/PS-9244

Binlog Server Utility now properly handles 'STOP' events which may be
written to the binlog when MySQL server shuts down.

Added specializations of the 'binsrv::event::generic_body_impl<>' and
'binsrv::event::generic_post_header_impl<>' for 'code_type::stop'
(both implemented via 'redirect_type' to 'empty_body' /
'empty_post_header'). 'STOP' is now a known event type for the
'binsrv::event::event' class and its inner body / post-header variants.

Updated 'binsrv::reader_context'- it is now based on the following state
machine:
(ROTATE(artificial) FORMAT_DESCRIPTION * (ROTATE|STOP))*

'process_binlog_event()' in the main application now calls
'close_binlog()' not only on real (non-artificial) 'ROTATE' events but
on 'STOP' events as well.

Introduced new 'binlog_streaming.pull_mode' MTR test case which checks
if the Binlog Server Utility properly handles reconnects and resuming
operation in background ('pull') mode.
Common functionality from the 'binlog_streaming.binsrv' and
'binlog_streaming.pull_mode' extracted into the following include files:

• 'identify_storage_backend.inc' - for identifying whether a local
  filesystem ('file') or a AWS S3 ('s3') storage backend should be used.
• 'set_up_binsrv_environment.inc' - for creating storage directory,
  configuring log file and generating JSON configuration.
• 'tear_down_binsrv_environment.inc' - for cleaning up data directory
  and removing log file along with JSON configuration file.

Temporarily disabled running MTR under "Clang 17 ASan" in GitHub
Workflows because of the "-stdlib=libc++ -fsanitize=address"
alloc-dealloc-mismatch issue
(llvm/llvm-project#59432).
Hopefully, the problem will be fixed in clang-18.