rust: use custom FFI integer types

Currently FFI integer types are defined in libcore. This commit creates
the `ffi` crate and asks bindgen to use that crate for FFI integer types
instead of `core::ffi`.

This commit is preparatory and no type changes are made in this commit
yet.

Signed-off-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240913213041.395655-4-gary@garyguo.net
[ Added `rustdoc`, `rusttest` and KUnit tests support. Rebased on top of
  `rust-next` (e.g. migrated more `core::ffi` cases). Reworded crate
  docs slightly and formatted. - Miguel ]
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>

rust/Makefile

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Where to place rustdoc generated documentation
 rustdoc_output := $(objtree)/Documentation/output/rust/rustdoc
 
-obj-$(CONFIG_RUST) += core.o compiler_builtins.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_RUST) += core.o compiler_builtins.o ffi.o
 always-$(CONFIG_RUST) += exports_core_generated.h
 
 # Missing prototypes are expected in the helpers since these are exported
@@ -103,10 +103,13 @@ rustdoc-core: $(RUST_LIB_SRC)/core/src/lib.rs FORCE
 rustdoc-compiler_builtins: $(src)/compiler_builtins.rs rustdoc-core FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed,rustdoc)
 
-rustdoc-kernel: private rustc_target_flags = \
+rustdoc-ffi: $(src)/ffi.rs rustdoc-core FORCE
+	+$(call if_changed,rustdoc)
+
+rustdoc-kernel: private rustc_target_flags = --extern ffi \
     --extern build_error --extern macros=$(objtree)/$(obj)/libmacros.so \
     --extern bindings --extern uapi
-rustdoc-kernel: $(src)/kernel/lib.rs rustdoc-core rustdoc-macros \
+rustdoc-kernel: $(src)/kernel/lib.rs rustdoc-core rustdoc-ffi rustdoc-macros \
     rustdoc-compiler_builtins $(obj)/libmacros.so \
     $(obj)/bindings.o FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed,rustdoc)
@@ -124,23 +127,28 @@ quiet_cmd_rustc_test_library = RUSTC TL $<
 rusttestlib-build_error: $(src)/build_error.rs FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed,rustc_test_library)
 
+rusttestlib-ffi: $(src)/ffi.rs FORCE
+	+$(call if_changed,rustc_test_library)
+
 rusttestlib-macros: private rustc_target_flags = --extern proc_macro
 rusttestlib-macros: private rustc_test_library_proc = yes
 rusttestlib-macros: $(src)/macros/lib.rs FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed,rustc_test_library)
 
-rusttestlib-kernel: private rustc_target_flags = \
+rusttestlib-kernel: private rustc_target_flags = --extern ffi \
     --extern build_error --extern macros \
     --extern bindings --extern uapi
 rusttestlib-kernel: $(src)/kernel/lib.rs \
     rusttestlib-bindings rusttestlib-uapi rusttestlib-build_error \
     $(obj)/libmacros.so $(obj)/bindings.o FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed,rustc_test_library)
 
-rusttestlib-bindings: $(src)/bindings/lib.rs FORCE
+rusttestlib-bindings: private rustc_target_flags = --extern ffi
+rusttestlib-bindings: $(src)/bindings/lib.rs rusttestlib-ffi FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed,rustc_test_library)
 
-rusttestlib-uapi: $(src)/uapi/lib.rs FORCE
+rusttestlib-uapi: private rustc_target_flags = --extern ffi
+rusttestlib-uapi: $(src)/uapi/lib.rs rusttestlib-ffi FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed,rustc_test_library)
 
 quiet_cmd_rustdoc_test = RUSTDOC T $<
@@ -160,7 +168,7 @@ quiet_cmd_rustdoc_test_kernel = RUSTDOC TK $<
 	mkdir -p $(objtree)/$(obj)/test/doctests/kernel; \
 	OBJTREE=$(abspath $(objtree)) \
 	$(RUSTDOC) --test $(rust_flags) \
-		-L$(objtree)/$(obj) --extern kernel \
+		-L$(objtree)/$(obj) --extern ffi --extern kernel \
 		--extern build_error --extern macros \
 		--extern bindings --extern uapi \
 		--no-run --crate-name kernel -Zunstable-options \
@@ -198,9 +206,9 @@ rusttest-macros: $(src)/macros/lib.rs \
 	+$(call if_changed,rustc_test)
 	+$(call if_changed,rustdoc_test)
 
-rusttest-kernel: private rustc_target_flags = \
+rusttest-kernel: private rustc_target_flags = --extern ffi \
     --extern build_error --extern macros --extern bindings --extern uapi
-rusttest-kernel: $(src)/kernel/lib.rs rusttestlib-kernel \
+rusttest-kernel: $(src)/kernel/lib.rs rusttestlib-ffi rusttestlib-kernel \
     rusttestlib-build_error rusttestlib-macros rusttestlib-bindings \
     rusttestlib-uapi FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed,rustc_test)
@@ -273,7 +281,7 @@ bindgen_c_flags_final = $(bindgen_c_flags_lto) -fno-builtin -D__BINDGEN__
 quiet_cmd_bindgen = BINDGEN $@
       cmd_bindgen = \
 	$(BINDGEN) $< $(bindgen_target_flags) \
-		--use-core --with-derive-default --ctypes-prefix core::ffi --no-layout-tests \
+		--use-core --with-derive-default --ctypes-prefix ffi --no-layout-tests \
 		--no-debug '.*' --enable-function-attribute-detection \
 		-o $@ -- $(bindgen_c_flags_final) -DMODULE \
 		$(bindgen_target_cflags) $(bindgen_target_extra)
@@ -401,18 +409,23 @@ $(obj)/compiler_builtins.o: $(src)/compiler_builtins.rs $(obj)/core.o FORCE
 $(obj)/build_error.o: $(src)/build_error.rs $(obj)/compiler_builtins.o FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed_rule,rustc_library)
 
+$(obj)/ffi.o: $(src)/ffi.rs $(obj)/compiler_builtins.o FORCE
+	+$(call if_changed_rule,rustc_library)
+
+$(obj)/bindings.o: private rustc_target_flags = --extern ffi
 $(obj)/bindings.o: $(src)/bindings/lib.rs \
-    $(obj)/compiler_builtins.o \
+    $(obj)/ffi.o \
     $(obj)/bindings/bindings_generated.rs \
     $(obj)/bindings/bindings_helpers_generated.rs FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed_rule,rustc_library)
 
+$(obj)/uapi.o: private rustc_target_flags = --extern ffi
 $(obj)/uapi.o: $(src)/uapi/lib.rs \
-    $(obj)/compiler_builtins.o \
+    $(obj)/ffi.o \
     $(obj)/uapi/uapi_generated.rs FORCE
 	+$(call if_changed_rule,rustc_library)
 
-$(obj)/kernel.o: private rustc_target_flags = \
+$(obj)/kernel.o: private rustc_target_flags = --extern ffi \
     --extern build_error --extern macros --extern bindings --extern uapi
 $(obj)/kernel.o: $(src)/kernel/lib.rs $(obj)/build_error.o \
     $(obj)/libmacros.so $(obj)/bindings.o $(obj)/uapi.o FORCE

rust/ffi.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+//! Foreign function interface (FFI) types.
+//!
+//! This crate provides mapping from C primitive types to Rust ones.
+//!
+//! The Rust [`core`] crate provides [`core::ffi`], which maps integer types to the platform default
+//! C ABI. The kernel does not use [`core::ffi`], so it can customise the mapping that deviates from
+//! the platform default.
+
+#![no_std]
+
+pub use core::ffi::*;

rust/kernel/alloc/allocator.rs

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ fn aligned_size(new_layout: Layout) -> usize {
 ///
 /// One of the following: `krealloc`, `vrealloc`, `kvrealloc`.
 struct ReallocFunc(
-    unsafe extern "C" fn(*const core::ffi::c_void, usize, u32) -> *mut core::ffi::c_void,
+    unsafe extern "C" fn(*const crate::ffi::c_void, usize, u32) -> *mut crate::ffi::c_void,
 );
 
 impl ReallocFunc {

rust/kernel/alloc/allocator_test.rs

@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ pub type KVmalloc = Kmalloc;
 
 extern "C" {
     #[link_name = "aligned_alloc"]
-    fn libc_aligned_alloc(align: usize, size: usize) -> *mut core::ffi::c_void;
+    fn libc_aligned_alloc(align: usize, size: usize) -> *mut crate::ffi::c_void;
 
     #[link_name = "free"]
-    fn libc_free(ptr: *mut core::ffi::c_void);
+    fn libc_free(ptr: *mut crate::ffi::c_void);
 }
 
 // SAFETY:

rust/kernel/alloc/kbox.rs

@@ -355,17 +355,17 @@ where
 {
     type Borrowed<'a> = &'a T;
 
-    fn into_foreign(self) -> *const core::ffi::c_void {
+    fn into_foreign(self) -> *const crate::ffi::c_void {
         Box::into_raw(self) as _
     }
 
-    unsafe fn from_foreign(ptr: *const core::ffi::c_void) -> Self {
+    unsafe fn from_foreign(ptr: *const crate::ffi::c_void) -> Self {
         // SAFETY: The safety requirements of this function ensure that `ptr` comes from a previous
         // call to `Self::into_foreign`.
         unsafe { Box::from_raw(ptr as _) }
     }
 
-    unsafe fn borrow<'a>(ptr: *const core::ffi::c_void) -> &'a T {
+    unsafe fn borrow<'a>(ptr: *const crate::ffi::c_void) -> &'a T {
         // SAFETY: The safety requirements of this method ensure that the object remains alive and
         // immutable for the duration of 'a.
         unsafe { &*ptr.cast() }
@@ -378,18 +378,18 @@ where
 {
     type Borrowed<'a> = Pin<&'a T>;
 
-    fn into_foreign(self) -> *const core::ffi::c_void {
+    fn into_foreign(self) -> *const crate::ffi::c_void {
         // SAFETY: We are still treating the box as pinned.
         Box::into_raw(unsafe { Pin::into_inner_unchecked(self) }) as _
     }
 
-    unsafe fn from_foreign(ptr: *const core::ffi::c_void) -> Self {
+    unsafe fn from_foreign(ptr: *const crate::ffi::c_void) -> Self {
         // SAFETY: The safety requirements of this function ensure that `ptr` comes from a previous
         // call to `Self::into_foreign`.
         unsafe { Pin::new_unchecked(Box::from_raw(ptr as _)) }
     }
 
-    unsafe fn borrow<'a>(ptr: *const core::ffi::c_void) -> Pin<&'a T> {
+    unsafe fn borrow<'a>(ptr: *const crate::ffi::c_void) -> Pin<&'a T> {
         // SAFETY: The safety requirements for this function ensure that the object is still alive,
         // so it is safe to dereference the raw pointer.
         // The safety requirements of `from_foreign` also ensure that the object remains alive for

rust/kernel/block/mq/operations.rs

@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ impl<T: Operations> OperationsVTable<T> {
     unsafe extern "C" fn poll_callback(
         _hctx: *mut bindings::blk_mq_hw_ctx,
         _iob: *mut bindings::io_comp_batch,
-    ) -> core::ffi::c_int {
+    ) -> crate::ffi::c_int {
         T::poll().into()
     }
 
@@ -145,9 +145,9 @@ impl<T: Operations> OperationsVTable<T> {
     /// for the same context.
     unsafe extern "C" fn init_hctx_callback(
         _hctx: *mut bindings::blk_mq_hw_ctx,
-        _tagset_data: *mut core::ffi::c_void,
-        _hctx_idx: core::ffi::c_uint,
-    ) -> core::ffi::c_int {
+        _tagset_data: *mut crate::ffi::c_void,
+        _hctx_idx: crate::ffi::c_uint,
+    ) -> crate::ffi::c_int {
         from_result(|| Ok(0))
     }
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ impl<T: Operations> OperationsVTable<T> {
     /// This function may only be called by blk-mq C infrastructure.
     unsafe extern "C" fn exit_hctx_callback(
         _hctx: *mut bindings::blk_mq_hw_ctx,
-        _hctx_idx: core::ffi::c_uint,
+        _hctx_idx: crate::ffi::c_uint,
     ) {
     }
 
@@ -176,9 +176,9 @@ impl<T: Operations> OperationsVTable<T> {
     unsafe extern "C" fn init_request_callback(
         _set: *mut bindings::blk_mq_tag_set,
         rq: *mut bindings::request,
-        _hctx_idx: core::ffi::c_uint,
-        _numa_node: core::ffi::c_uint,
-    ) -> core::ffi::c_int {
+        _hctx_idx: crate::ffi::c_uint,
+        _numa_node: crate::ffi::c_uint,
+    ) -> crate::ffi::c_int {
         from_result(|| {
             // SAFETY: By the safety requirements of this function, `rq` points
             // to a valid allocation.
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ impl<T: Operations> OperationsVTable<T> {
     unsafe extern "C" fn exit_request_callback(
         _set: *mut bindings::blk_mq_tag_set,
         rq: *mut bindings::request,
-        _hctx_idx: core::ffi::c_uint,
+        _hctx_idx: crate::ffi::c_uint,
     ) {
         // SAFETY: The tagset invariants guarantee that all requests are allocated with extra memory
         // for the request data.

rust/kernel/block/mq/raw_writer.rs

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ impl<'a> RawWriter<'a> {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn from_array<const N: usize>(
-        a: &'a mut [core::ffi::c_char; N],
+        a: &'a mut [crate::ffi::c_char; N],
     ) -> Result<RawWriter<'a>> {
         Self::new(
             // SAFETY: the buffer of `a` is valid for read and write as `u8` for

rust/kernel/block/mq/tag_set.rs

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ impl<T: Operations> TagSet<T> {
                     queue_depth: num_tags,
                     cmd_size,
                     flags: bindings::BLK_MQ_F_SHOULD_MERGE,
-                    driver_data: core::ptr::null_mut::<core::ffi::c_void>(),
+                    driver_data: core::ptr::null_mut::<crate::ffi::c_void>(),
                     nr_maps: num_maps,
                     ..tag_set
                 }

rust/kernel/error.rs

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ impl Error {
     ///
     /// It is a bug to pass an out-of-range `errno`. `EINVAL` would
     /// be returned in such a case.
-    pub fn from_errno(errno: core::ffi::c_int) -> Error {
+    pub fn from_errno(errno: crate::ffi::c_int) -> Error {
         if errno < -(bindings::MAX_ERRNO as i32) || errno >= 0 {
             // TODO: Make it a `WARN_ONCE` once available.
             crate::pr_warn!(
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ impl Error {
     /// Creates an [`Error`] from a kernel error code.
     ///
     /// Returns [`None`] if `errno` is out-of-range.
-    const fn try_from_errno(errno: core::ffi::c_int) -> Option<Error> {
+    const fn try_from_errno(errno: crate::ffi::c_int) -> Option<Error> {
         if errno < -(bindings::MAX_ERRNO as i32) || errno >= 0 {
             return None;
         }
@@ -133,15 +133,15 @@ impl Error {
     /// # Safety
     ///
     /// `errno` must be within error code range (i.e. `>= -MAX_ERRNO && < 0`).
-    const unsafe fn from_errno_unchecked(errno: core::ffi::c_int) -> Error {
+    const unsafe fn from_errno_unchecked(errno: crate::ffi::c_int) -> Error {
         // INVARIANT: The contract ensures the type invariant
         // will hold.
         // SAFETY: The caller guarantees `errno` is non-zero.
         Error(unsafe { NonZeroI32::new_unchecked(errno) })
     }
 
     /// Returns the kernel error code.
-    pub fn to_errno(self) -> core::ffi::c_int {
+    pub fn to_errno(self) -> crate::ffi::c_int {
         self.0.get()
     }
 
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ pub type Result<T = (), E = Error> = core::result::Result<T, E>;
 
 /// Converts an integer as returned by a C kernel function to an error if it's negative, and
 /// `Ok(())` otherwise.
-pub fn to_result(err: core::ffi::c_int) -> Result {
+pub fn to_result(err: crate::ffi::c_int) -> Result {
     if err < 0 {
         Err(Error::from_errno(err))
     } else {
@@ -282,15 +282,15 @@ pub fn to_result(err: core::ffi::c_int) -> Result {
 /// fn devm_platform_ioremap_resource(
 ///     pdev: &mut PlatformDevice,
 ///     index: u32,
-/// ) -> Result<*mut core::ffi::c_void> {
+/// ) -> Result<*mut kernel::ffi::c_void> {
 ///     // SAFETY: `pdev` points to a valid platform device. There are no safety requirements
 ///     // on `index`.
 ///     from_err_ptr(unsafe { bindings::devm_platform_ioremap_resource(pdev.to_ptr(), index) })
 /// }
 /// ```
 pub fn from_err_ptr<T>(ptr: *mut T) -> Result<*mut T> {
-    // CAST: Casting a pointer to `*const core::ffi::c_void` is always valid.
-    let const_ptr: *const core::ffi::c_void = ptr.cast();
+    // CAST: Casting a pointer to `*const crate::ffi::c_void` is always valid.
+    let const_ptr: *const crate::ffi::c_void = ptr.cast();
     // SAFETY: The FFI function does not deref the pointer.
     if unsafe { bindings::IS_ERR(const_ptr) } {
         // SAFETY: The FFI function does not deref the pointer.
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ pub fn from_err_ptr<T>(ptr: *mut T) -> Result<*mut T> {
         //
         // SAFETY: `IS_ERR()` ensures `err` is a
         // negative value greater-or-equal to `-bindings::MAX_ERRNO`.
-        return Err(unsafe { Error::from_errno_unchecked(err as core::ffi::c_int) });
+        return Err(unsafe { Error::from_errno_unchecked(err as crate::ffi::c_int) });
     }
     Ok(ptr)
 }
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ pub fn from_err_ptr<T>(ptr: *mut T) -> Result<*mut T> {
 /// # use kernel::bindings;
 /// unsafe extern "C" fn probe_callback(
 ///     pdev: *mut bindings::platform_device,
-/// ) -> core::ffi::c_int {
+/// ) -> kernel::ffi::c_int {
 ///     from_result(|| {
 ///         let ptr = devm_alloc(pdev)?;
 ///         bindings::platform_set_drvdata(pdev, ptr);

rust/kernel/init.rs

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
 //! # }
 //! # // `Error::from_errno` is `pub(crate)` in the `kernel` crate, thus provide a workaround.
 //! # trait FromErrno {
-//! #     fn from_errno(errno: core::ffi::c_int) -> Error {
+//! #     fn from_errno(errno: kernel::ffi::c_int) -> Error {
 //! #         // Dummy error that can be constructed outside the `kernel` crate.
 //! #         Error::from(core::fmt::Error)
 //! #     }

rust/kernel/lib.rs

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ compile_error!("Missing kernel configuration for conditional compilation");
 // Allow proc-macros to refer to `::kernel` inside the `kernel` crate (this crate).
 extern crate self as kernel;
 
+pub use ffi;
+
 pub mod alloc;
 #[cfg(CONFIG_BLOCK)]
 pub mod block;