Seatbelt is a C# project that performs a number of security oriented host-survey "safety checks" relevant from both offensive and defensive security perspectives.
@andrewchiles' HostEnum.ps1 script and @tifkin_'s Get-HostProfile.ps1 provided inspiration for many of the artifacts to collect.
@harmj0y and @tifkin_ are the primary authors of this implementation.
Seatbelt is licensed under the BSD 3-Clause license.
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Available commands (+ means remote usage is supported):
+ AMSIProviders - Providers registered for AMSI
+ AntiVirus - Registered antivirus (via WMI)
AppLocker - AppLocker settings, if installed
ARPTable - Lists the current ARP table and adapter information (equivalent to arp -a)
AuditPolicies - Enumerates classic and advanced audit policy settings
+ AuditPolicyRegistry - Audit settings via the registry
+ AutoRuns - Auto run executables/scripts/programs
ChromeBookmarks - Parses any found Chrome bookmark files
ChromeHistory - Parses any found Chrome history files
ChromePresence - Checks if interesting Google Chrome files exist
CloudCredentials - AWS/Google/Azure cloud credential files
CredEnum - Enumerates the current user's saved credentials using CredEnumerate()
CredGuard - CredentialGuard configuration
dir - Lists files/folders. By default, lists users' downloads, documents, and desktop folders (arguments == [directory] [depth] [regex] [boolIgnoreErrors]
+ DNSCache - DNS cache entries (via WMI)
+ DotNet - DotNet versions
DpapiMasterKeys - List DPAPI master keys
EnvironmentPath - Current environment %PATH$ folders and SDDL information
EnvironmentVariables - Current user environment variables
ExplicitLogonEvents - Explicit Logon events (Event ID 4648) from the security event log. Default of 7 days, argument == last X days.
ExplorerMRUs - Explorer most recently used files (last 7 days, argument == last X days)
+ ExplorerRunCommands - Recent Explorer "run" commands
FileInfo - Information about a file (version information, timestamps, basic PE info, etc. argument(s) == file path(s)
FirefoxHistory - Parses any found FireFox history files
FirefoxPresence - Checks if interesting Firefox files exist
IdleTime - Returns the number of seconds since the current user's last input.
IEFavorites - Internet Explorer favorites
IETabs - Open Internet Explorer tabs
IEUrls - Internet Explorer typed URLs (last 7 days, argument == last X days)
InstalledProducts - Installed products via the registry
InterestingFiles - "Interesting" files matching various patterns in the user's folder. Note: takes non-trivial time.
+ InterestingProcesses - "Interesting" processes - defensive products and admin tools
InternetSettings - Internet settings including proxy configs
+ LAPS - LAPS settings, if installed
+ LastShutdown - Returns the DateTime of the last system shutdown (via the registry).
LocalGPOs - Local Group Policy settings applied to the machine/local users
+ LocalGroups - Non-empty local groups, "-full" displays all groups (argument == computername to enumerate)
+ LocalUsers - Local users, whether they're active/disabled, and pwd last set (argument == computername to enumerate)
LogonEvents - Logon events (Event ID 4624) from the security event log. Default of 10 days, argument == last X days.
+ LogonSessions - Windows logon sessions
+ LSASettings - LSA settings (including auth packages)
+ MappedDrives - Users' mapped drives (via WMI)
NamedPipes - Named pipe names and any readable ACL information.
+ NetworkProfiles - Windows network profiles
+ NetworkShares - Network shares exposed by the machine (via WMI)
+ NTLMSettings - NTLM authentication settings
OfficeMRUs - Office most recently used file list (last 7 days)
OSInfo - Basic OS info (i.e. architecture, OS version, etc.)
OutlookDownloads - List files downloaded by Outlook
PoweredOnEvents - Reboot and sleep schedule based on the System event log EIDs 1, 12, 13, 42, and 6008. Default of 7 days, argument == last X days.
+ PowerShell - PowerShell versions and security settings
PowerShellEvents - PowerShell script block logs (4104) with sensitive data.
Printers - Installed Printers (via WMI)
ProcessCreationEvents - Process creation logs (4688) with sensitive data.
Processes - Running processes with file info company names that don't contain 'Microsoft', "-full" enumerates all processes
+ ProcessOwners - Running non-session 0 process list with owners. For remote use.
+ PSSessionSettings - Enumerates PS Session Settings from the registry
+ PuttyHostKeys - Saved Putty SSH host keys
+ PuttySessions - Saved Putty configuration (interesting fields) and SSH host keys
RDCManFiles - Windows Remote Desktop Connection Manager settings files
+ RDPSavedConnections - Saved RDP connections stored in the registry
+ RDPSessions - Current incoming RDP sessions (argument == computername to enumerate)
RecycleBin - Items in the Recycle Bin deleted in the last 30 days - only works from a user context!
reg - Registry key values (HKLM\Software by default) argument == [Path] [intDepth] [Regex] [boolIgnoreErrors]
RPCMappedEndpoints - Current RPC endpoints mapped
+ SCCM - System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM) settings, if applicable
+ ScheduledTasks - Scheduled tasks (via WMI) that aren't authored by 'Microsoft', "-full" dumps all Scheduled tasks
SearchIndex - Query results from the Windows Search Index, default term of 'passsword'. (argument(s) == <search path> <pattern1,pattern2,...>
SecurityPackages - Enumerates the security packages currently available using EnumerateSecurityPackagesA()
Services - Services with file info company names that don't contain 'Microsoft', "-full" dumps all processes
SlackDownloads - Parses any found 'slack-downloads' files
SlackPresence - Checks if interesting Slack files exist
SlackWorkspaces - Parses any found 'slack-workspaces' files
+ Sysmon - Sysmon configuration from the registry
SysmonEvents - Sysmon process creation logs (1) with sensitive data.
TcpConnections - Current TCP connections and their associated processes and services
TokenGroups - The current token's local and domain groups
TokenPrivileges - Currently enabled token privileges (e.g. SeDebugPrivilege/etc.)
+ UAC - UAC system policies via the registry
UdpConnections - Current UDP connections and associated processes and services
UserRightAssignments - Configured User Right Assignments (e.g. SeDenyNetworkLogonRight, SeShutdownPrivilege, etc.) argument == computername to enumerate
+ WindowsAutoLogon - Registry autologon information
WindowsCredentialFiles - Windows credential DPAPI blobs
+ WindowsDefender - Windows Defender settings (including exclusion locations)
+ WindowsEventForwarding - Windows Event Forwarding (WEF) settings via the registry
+ WindowsFirewall - Non-standard firewall rules, "-full" dumps all (arguments == allow/deny/tcp/udp/in/out/domain/private/public)
WindowsVault - Credentials saved in the Windows Vault (i.e. logins from Internet Explorer and Edge).
WMIEventConsumer - Lists WMI Event Consumers
WMIEventFilter - Lists WMI Event Filters
WMIFilterBinding - Lists WMI Filter to Consumer Bindings
+ WSUS - Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) settings, if applicable
Seatbelt has the following command groups: All, User, System, Slack, Chrome, Remote, Misc
You can invoke command groups with "Seatbelt.exe <group>"
"Seatbelt.exe -group=all" runs all commands
"Seatbelt.exe -group=user" runs the following commands:
ChromePresence, CloudCredentials, CredEnum, dir, DpapiMasterKeys,
ExplorerMRUs, ExplorerRunCommands, FirefoxPresence, IdleTime,
IEFavorites, IETabs, IEUrls, MappedDrives,
OfficeMRUs, PuttyHostKeys, PuttySessions, RDCManFiles,
RDPSavedConnections, SlackDownloads, SlackPresence, SlackWorkspaces,
TokenGroups, WindowsCredentialFiles, WindowsVault
"Seatbelt.exe -group=system" runs the following commands:
AMSIProviders, AntiVirus, AppLocker, ARPTable, AuditPolicies,
AuditPolicyRegistry, AutoRuns, CredGuard, DNSCache,
DotNet, EnvironmentPath, EnvironmentVariables, InterestingProcesses,
InternetSettings, LAPS, LastShutdown, LocalGPOs,
LocalGroups, LocalUsers, LogonSessions, LSASettings,
NamedPipes, NetworkProfiles, NetworkShares, NTLMSettings,
OSInfo, PoweredOnEvents, PowerShell, Printers,
Processes, PSSessionSettings, RDPSessions, SCCM,
Services, Sysmon, TcpConnections, TokenPrivileges,
UAC, UdpConnections, UserRightAssignments, WindowsAutoLogon,
WindowsDefender, WindowsEventForwarding, WindowsFirewall, WMIEventConsumer,
WMIEventFilter, WMIFilterBinding, WSUS
"Seatbelt.exe -group=slack" runs the following commands:
SlackDownloads, SlackPresence, SlackWorkspaces
"Seatbelt.exe -group=chrome" runs the following commands:
ChromeBookmarks, ChromeHistory, ChromePresence
"Seatbelt.exe -group=remote" runs the following commands:
AMSIProviders, AntiVirus, DotNet, ExplorerRunCommands, InterestingProcesses,
LastShutdown, LogonSessions, LSASettings, MappedDrives,
NetworkProfiles, NetworkShares, NTLMSettings, PowerShell,
ProcessOwners, PuttyHostKeys, PuttySessions, RDPSavedConnections,
RDPSessions, Sysmon, WindowsDefender, WindowsEventForwarding,
WindowsFirewall
"Seatbelt.exe -group=misc" runs the following commands:
ChromeBookmarks, ChromeHistory, ExplicitLogonEvents, FileInfo, FirefoxHistory,
InstalledProducts, InterestingFiles, LogonEvents, OutlookDownloads,
PowerShellEvents, ProcessCreationEvents, ProcessOwners, RecycleBin,
reg, RPCMappedEndpoints, ScheduledTasks, SearchIndex,
SecurityPackages, SysmonEvents
Examples:
'Seatbelt.exe <Command> [Command2] ...' will run one or more specified checks only
'Seatbelt.exe <Command> -full' will return complete results for a command without any filtering.
'Seatbelt.exe "<Command> [argument]"' will pass an argument to a command that supports it (note the quotes).
'Seatbelt.exe -group=all' will run ALL enumeration checks, can be combined with "-full".
'Seatbelt.exe <Command> -computername=COMPUTER.DOMAIN.COM [-username=DOMAIN\USER -password=PASSWORD]' will run an applicable check remotely
'Seatbelt.exe -group=remote -computername=COMPUTER.DOMAIN.COM [-username=DOMAIN\USER -password=PASSWORD]' will run remote specific checks
'Seatbelt.exe -group=system -outputfile="C:\Temp\out.txt"' will run system checks and output to a .txt file.
'Seatbelt.exe -group=user -q -outputfile="C:\Temp\out.json"' will run in quiet mode with user checks and output to a .json file.
Note: searches that target users will run for the current user if not-elevated and for ALL users if elevated.
A more detailed wiki is coming...
Note: many commands do some type of filtering by default. Supplying the -full argument prevents filtering output. Also, the command group all will run all current checks.
For example, the following command will run ALL checks and returns ALL output:
Seatbelt.exe -group=all -full
Runs checks that mine interesting data about the system.
Executed with: Seatbelt.exe -group=system
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
| AMSIProviders | Providers registered for AMSI |
| AntiVirus | Registered antivirus (via WMI) |
| AppLocker | AppLocker settings, if installed |
| ARPTable | Lists the current ARP table and adapter information(equivalent to arp -a) |
| AuditPolicies | Enumerates classic and advanced audit policy settings |
| AuditSettings | Audit settings via the registry |
| AutoRuns | Auto run executables/scripts/programs |
| CredGuard | CredentialGuard configuration |
| DNSCache | DNS cache entries (via WMI) |
| DotNet | DotNet versions |
| EnvironmentPath | Current environment %PATH$ folders and SDDL information |
| EnvironmentVariables | Current user environment variables |
| InterestingProcesses | "Interesting" processes - defensive products and admin tools |
| InternetSettings | Internet settings including proxy configs |
| LAPS | LAPS settings, if installed |
| LastShutdown | Returns the DateTime of the last system shutdown (via the registry) |
| LocalGPOs | Local Group Policy settings applied to the machine/local users |
| LocalGroups | Non-empty local groups, "full" displays all groups (argument == computername to enumerate) |
| LocalUsers | Local users, whether they're active/disabled, and pwd last set (argument == computername to enumerate) |
| LogonSessions | Logon events (Event ID 4624) from the security event log. Default of 10 days, argument == last X days. |
| LSASettings | LSA settings (including auth packages) |
| NamedPipes | Named pipe names and any readable ACL information |
| NetworkProfiles | Windows network profiles |
| NetworkShares | Network shares exposed by the machine (via WMI) |
| NTLMSettings | NTLM authentication settings |
| OSInfo | Basic OS info (i.e. architecture, OS version, etc.) |
| PoweredOnEvents | Reboot and sleep schedule based on the System event log EIDs 1, 12, 13, 42, and 6008. Default of 7 days, argument == last X days. |
| PowerShell | PowerShell versions and security settings |
| Processes | Running processes with file info company names that don't contain 'Microsoft', "full" enumerates all processes |
| PSSessionSettings | Enumerates PS Session Settings from the registry |
| RDPSessions | Current incoming RDP sessions (argument == computername to enumerate) |
| SCCM | System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM) settings, if applicable |
| Services | Services with file info company names that don't contain 'Microsoft', "full" dumps all processes |
| Sysmon | Sysmon configuration from the registry |
| TcpConnections | Current TCP connections and their associated processes and services |
| TokenPrivileges | Currently enabled token privileges (e.g. SeDebugPrivilege/etc.) |
| UAC | UAC system policies via the registry |
| UdpConnections | Current UDP connections and associated processes and services |
| UserRightAssignments | Configured User Right Assignments (e.g. SeDenyNetworkLogonRight, SeShutdownPrivilege, etc.) argument == computername to enumerate |
| WindowsAutoLogon | Registry autologon information |
| WindowsDefender | Windows Defender settings (including exclusion locations) |
| WindowsEventForwarding | Windows Event Forwarding (WEF) settings via the registry |
| WindowsFirewall | Non-standard firewall rules, "full" dumps all (arguments == allow/deny/tcp/udp/in/out/domain/private/public) |
| WMIEventConsumer | Lists WMI Event Consumers |
| WMIEventFilter | Lists WMI Event Filters |
| WMIFilterBinding | Lists WMI Filter to Consumer Bindings |
| WSUS | Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) settings, if applicable |
Runs checks that mine interesting data about the currently logged on user (if not elevated) or ALL users (if elevated).
Executed with: Seatbelt.exe -group=user
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
| ChromePresence | Checks if interesting Google Chrome files exist |
| CloudCredentials | AWS/Google/Azure cloud credential files |
| CredEnum | Enumerates the current user's saved credentials using CredEnumerate() |
| dir | Lists files/folders. By default, lists users' downloads, documents, and desktop folders (arguments == <directory> <depth> <regex> |
| DpapiMasterKeys | List DPAPI master keys |
| ExplorerMRUs | Explorer most recently used files (last 7 days, argument == last X days) |
| FirefoxPresence | Checks if interesting Firefox files exist |
| IdleTime | Returns the number of seconds since the current user's last input. |
| IEFavorites | Internet Explorer favorites |
| IETabs | Open Internet Explorer tabs |
| IEUrls | Internet Explorer typed URLs (last 7 days, argument == last X days) |
| MappedDrives | Users' mapped drives (via WMI) |
| OfficeMRUs | Office most recently used file list (last 7 days) |
| PuttyHostKeys | Saved Putty SSH host keys |
| PuttySessions | Saved Putty configuration (interesting fields) and SSH host keys |
| RDCManFiles | Windows Remote Desktop Connection Manager settings files |
| RDPSavedConnections | Saved RDP connections stored in the registry |
| RecentRunCommands | Recent Explorer "run" commands |
| SlackPresence | Checks if interesting Slack files exist |
| TokenGroups | The current token's local and domain groups |
| WindowsCredentialFiles | Windows credential DPAPI blobs |
| WindowsVault | Credentials saved in the Windows Vault (i.e. logins from Internet Explorer and Edge). |
Runs all miscellaneous checks.
Executed with: Seatbelt.exe -group=misc
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
| ChromeBookmarks | Parses any found Chrome bookmark files |
| ChromeHistory | Parses any found Chrome history files |
| ExplicitLogonEvents | Explicit Logon events (Event ID 4648) from the security event log. Default of 7 days, argument == last X days. |
| FileInfo | Information about a file (version information, timestamps, basic PE info, etc. argument(s) == file path(s) |
| FirefoxHistory | Parses any found FireFox history files |
| InstalledProducts | Installed products via the registry |
| InterestingFiles | "Interesting" files matching various patterns in the user's folder. Note: takes non-trivial time. |
| LogonEvents | Logon events (Event ID 4624) from the security event log. Default of 10 days, argument == last X days. |
| OutlookDownloads | List files downloaded by Outlook |
| PowerShellEvents | PowerShell script block logs (4104) with sensitive data. |
| Printers | Installed Printers (via WMI) |
| ProcessCreation | Process creation logs (4688) with sensitive data. |
| ProcessOwners | Running non-session 0 process list with owners. For remote use. |
| RecycleBin | Items in the Recycle Bin deleted in the last 30 days - only works from a user context! |
| reg | Registry key values (HKLM\Software by default) argument == [Path] [intDepth] [Regex] [boolIgnoreErrors] |
| RPCMappedEndpoints | Current RPC endpoints mapped |
| ScheduledTasks | Scheduled tasks (via WMI) that aren't authored by 'Microsoft', "full" dumps all Scheduled tasks |
| SearchIndex | Query results from the Windows Search Index, default term of 'passsword'. (argument(s) == <search path> <pattern1,pattern2,...> |
| SecurityPackages | Enumerates the security packages currently available using EnumerateSecurityPackagesA() |
| SlackDownloads | Parses any found 'slack-downloads' files |
| SlackWorkspaces | Parses any found 'slack-workspaces' files |
| SysmonEvents | Sysmon process creation logs (1) with sensitive data. |
Executed with: Seatbelt.exe -group=GROUPNAME
| Alias | Description |
|---|---|
| Slack | Runs modules that start with "Slack*" |
| Chrome | Runs modules that start with "Chrome*" |
| Remote | Runs the following modules (for use against a remote system): AMSIProviders, AntiVirus, AuditSettings, DotNet, InterestingProcesses, LastShutdown, LogonSessions, LSASettings, MappedDrives, NetworkProfiles, NetworkShares, NTLMSettings, PowerShell, PuttyHostKeys, PuttySessions, RDPSavedConnections, RDPSessions, RecentRunCommands, Sysmon, WindowsDefender, WindowsEventForwarding, WindowsFirewall |
Command that accept arguments have it noted in their description. To pass an argument to a command, enclose the command an arguments in double quotes.
For example, the following command returns 4624 logon events for the last 30 days:
Seatbelt.exe "LogonEvents 30"
The following command queries a registry three levels deep, returning only keys/valueNames/values that match the regex .*defini.*, and ignoring any errors that occur.
Seatbelt.exe "reg \"HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\" 3 .*defini.* true"
Seatbelt can redirect its output to a file with the -outputfile="C:\Path\file.txt" argument. If the file path ends in .json, the output will be structured json.
For example, the following command will output the results of system checks to a txt file:
Seatbelt.exe -group=system -outputfile="C:\Temp\system.txt"
Commands noted with a + in the help menu can be run remotely against another system. This is performed over WMI via queries for WMI classes and WMI's StdRegProv for registry enumeration.
To enumerate a remote system, supply -computername=COMPUTER.DOMAIN.COM - an alternate username and password can be specified with -username=DOMAIN\USER -password=PASSWORD
For example, the following command runs remote-focused checks against a remote system:
Seatbelt.exe -group=remote -computername=192.168.230.209 -username=THESHIRE\sam -password="yum \"po-ta-toes\""
Seatbelt's structure is completely modular, allowing for additional command modules to be dropped into the file structure and loaded up dynamically.
There is a commented command module template at .\Seatbelt\Commands\Template.cs for reference. Once built, drop the module in the logical file location, include it in the project in the Visual Studio Solution Explorer, and compile.
We are not planning on releasing binaries for Seatbelt, so you will have to compile yourself.
Seatbelt has been built against .NET 3.5 and 4.0 with C# 8.0 features and is compatible with Visual Studio Community Edition. Simply open up the project .sln, choose "release", and build. To change the target .NET framework version, modify the project's settings and rebuild the project.
Seatbelt incorporates various collection items, code C# snippets, and bits of PoCs found throughout research for its capabilities. These ideas, snippets, and authors are highlighted in the appropriate locations in the source code, and include:
- @andrewchiles' HostEnum.ps1 script and @tifkin_'s Get-HostProfile.ps1 provided inspiration for many of the artifacts to collect.
- Boboes' code concerning NetLocalGroupGetMembers
- ambyte's code for converting a mapped drive letter to a network path
- Igor Korkhov's code to retrieve current token group information
- RobSiklos' snippet to determine if a host is a virtual machine
- JGU's snippet on file/folder ACL right comparison
- Rod Stephens' pattern for recursive file enumeration
- SwDevMan81's snippet for enumerating current token privileges
- Jared Atkinson's PowerShell work on Kerberos ticket caches
- darkmatter08's Kerberos C# snippet
- Numerous PInvoke.net samples <3
- Jared Hill's awesome CodeProject to use Local Security Authority to Enumerate User Sessions
- Fred's code on querying the ARP cache
- ShuggyCoUk's snippet on querying the TCP connection table
- yizhang82's example of using reflection to interact with COM objects through C#
- @djhohnstein's SharpWeb project
- @djhohnstein's EventLogParser project
- @cmaddalena's SharpCloud project, BSD 3-Clause
- @_RastaMouse's Watson project, GPL License
- @_RastaMouse's Work on AppLocker enumeration
- @peewpw's Invoke-WCMDump project, GPL License
- TrustedSec's HoneyBadger project, BSD 3-Clause
- CENTRAL Solutions's Audit User Rights Assignment Project, No license
- Collection ideas inspired from @ukstufus's Reconerator
- Office MRU locations and timestamp parsing information from Dustin Hurlbut's paper Microsoft Office 2007, 2010 - Registry Artifacts
- The Windows Commands list, used for sensitive regex construction
- Ryan Ries' code for enumeration mapped RPC endpoints
- Chris Haas' post on EnumerateSecurityPackages()
- darkoperator's work on the HoneyBadger project
- @airzero24's work on WMI Registry enumeration
- Alexandru's answer on RegistryKey.OpenBaseKey alternatives
- Tomas Vera's post on JavaScriptSerializer
- Marc Gravell's note on recursively listing files/folders
- @mattifestation's Sysmon rule parser
- Some inspiration from spolnik's Simple.CredentialsManager project, Apache 2 license
- This post on Credential Guard settings
- This thread on network profile information
- Mark McKinnon's post on decoding the DateCreated and DateLastConnected SSID values
- This Specops post on group policy caching
- sa_ddam213's StackOverflow post on enumerating items in the Recycle Bin
We've tried to do our due diligence for citations, but if we've left someone/something out, please let us know!