[FEATURE] optional special handling of external links

[David-Guillot]

What does this PR change? What problem does it solve?

This PR proposes a way to optionally open external links to a new tab, and optionally mark external links with an icon.

Was the change discussed in an issue or in the Discussions before?

Closes #1612.

PR Checklist

• This change adds/updates translations and I have used the template present here.
• I have enabled maintainer edits for this PR.
• I have verified that the code works as described/as intended.
• This change adds a Social Icon which has a permissive license to use it.
• This change does not include any CDN resources/links.
• This change does not include any unrelated scripts such as bash and python scripts.
• This change updates the overridden internal templates from HUGO's repository.

Screenshots

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[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarCloud

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud