chore(deps): update arrow-string requirement from 50.0.0 to 51.0.0 #24599

Job	Run time
cargo check	7m 9s
build with wasm-pack	2m 31s
cargo test (macos)	22m 8s
cargo test (win64)	43m 19s
Check cargo fmt	39s
cargo test (macos-aarch64)	10m 33s
Verify MSRV (Min Supported Rust Version)	7m 0s
Verify Vendored Code	54s
cargo examples (amd64)	0s
cargo test (amd64)	0s
cargo test doc (amd64)	0s
cargo test datafusion-cli (amd64)	0s
check Cargo.toml formatting	0s
cargo test hash collisions (amd64)	0s
clippy	0s
Run sqllogictest with Postgres runner	0s
cargo doc	0s
cargo test pyarrow (amd64)	0s
verify benchmark results (amd64)	0s
check configs.md is up-to-date	0s
	1h 34m 13s

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