chore(deps): update arrow-string requirement from 50.0.0 to 51.0.0 #24600

Job	Run time
Check cargo fmt	44s
cargo check	7m 1s
build with wasm-pack	2m 34s
cargo test (macos)	41m 1s
cargo test (macos-aarch64)	11m 29s
Verify MSRV (Min Supported Rust Version)	7m 17s
Verify Vendored Code	54s
cargo test (win64)	22s
cargo test datafusion-cli (amd64)	0s
cargo test (amd64)	0s
cargo examples (amd64)	0s
cargo doc	0s
cargo test doc (amd64)	0s
Run sqllogictest with Postgres runner	0s
verify benchmark results (amd64)	0s
check Cargo.toml formatting	0s
clippy	0s
check configs.md is up-to-date	0s
cargo test hash collisions (amd64)	0s
cargo test pyarrow (amd64)	0s
	1h 11m 22s

Provide feedback