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freeman-lab committed Sep 5, 2023
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Expand Up @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ As a target for bias-correction, we used the UHE-Daily dataset.<Cite hide id='tu

As mentioned above, due to limitations in data availability and temporal resolution, we calculated an “in the shade” version of WBGT that does not account for solar radiation and wind. Some previous studies have approximated WBGT in the sun by adding a constant (e.g., 3&nbsp;ºC), but this adjustment is an oversimplification.<Cite hide id='kong.2022'/>

Although we could not do a complete calculation of WBGT in the sun, we were able to leverage existing comparisons to make a more fine-grained adjustment. Helpfully, Kong and Huber systematically compared the differences between WBGT in the sun and shade across a range of weather conditions.<Cite hide id='kong.2022'/> We used their results to develop a simple linear model that takes as input daily surface downwelling shortwave radiation (hereafter “solar radiation”) and wind speed and returns an adjustment. For example, given a solar radiation of 500&nbsp;W/m² and a wind speed of 2&nbsp;m/s, the model returns an adjustment of +2.5&nbsp;ºC (+4.5&nbsp;ºF).
Although we could not do a complete calculation of WBGT in the sun, we were able to leverage existing comparisons to make a more fine-grained adjustment. Helpfully, Kong and Huber systematically compared the differences between WBGT in the sun and shade across a range of weather conditions.<Cite hide id='kong.2022'/> We used their results to develop a simple linear model that takes as input daily surface downwelling shortwave radiation (hereafter “solar radiation”) and wind speed and returns an adjustment. For example, given a solar radiation of 500&nbsp;W/m² and a wind speed of 2&nbsp;m/s, the model returns an adjustment of +2.8&nbsp;ºC (+5.0&nbsp;ºF).

We obtained daily estimates of solar radiation and wind from the same downscaled climate data used in the rest of our analysis, and we used them as inputs into the linear model to produce a time- and space-varying adjustment. In practice, the adjustment ranged from +1.1 to +4.5&nbsp;ºC (+2.0 to +8.1&nbsp;ºF), depending on the location and the day.<Sidenote>Range reported as 1st to 99th percentile across locations and days of the adjustments made within the month of the year with the highest WBGT in the shade for each location.</Sidenote>

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