🚸♻️ Refactor library structure for cleaner separation of concerns

[burgholzer]

Description

This long-overdue PR brings a cleaner CMake project structure to QMAP.
It moves the oldest part of the code base (the superconducting mapping techniques) to their own subfolders (sc, sc/heuristic, and sc/exact).
It also separates the CMakeLists.txt files in the src and test directory per library target to clearly separate the concerns.
In the process, the include structure has been slightly adapted, so that all library includes must now include the corresponding library prefix.
Additionally, the linking of libraries has been slightly optimized.

This also marks a first step towards a potential rename of the library.

In addition to all of the above, the PR contains some assorted library improvements including touch ups on the CMake config, the mypy configuration, and the pre-commit hooks.

Checklist:

• The pull request only contains commits that are related to it.
• I have added appropriate tests and documentation.
• I have made sure that all CI jobs on GitHub pass.
• The pull request introduces no new warnings and follows the project's style guidelines.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 65.82278% with 27 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 90.4%. Comparing base (95bf8fe) to head (a94f48f).
Report is 179 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/hybridmap/HybridAnimation.cpp	0.0%	13 Missing ⚠️
src/cliffordsynthesis/Tableau.cpp	70.3%	8 Missing ⚠️
src/na/Architecture.cpp	50.0%	2 Missing ⚠️
src/sc/Mapper.cpp	0.0%	2 Missing ⚠️
src/hybridmap/HybridNeutralAtomMapper.cpp	0.0%	1 Missing ⚠️
src/hybridmap/MoveToAodConverter.cpp	0.0%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##            main    #518     +/-   ##
=======================================
- Coverage   90.4%   90.4%   -0.1%     
=======================================
  Files         86      87      +1     
  Lines      10021   10050     +29     
  Branches    1711    1716      +5     
=======================================
+ Hits        9064    9090     +26     
- Misses       957     960      +3     

Flag	Coverage Δ
cpp	90.1% <65.8%> (-0.1%)	⬇️
python	95.9% <ø> (ø)

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
include/cliffordsynthesis/Results.hpp	100.0% <ø> (ø)
include/sc/Architecture.hpp	88.5% <ø> (ø)
include/sc/DataLogger.hpp	100.0% <ø> (ø)
include/sc/Mapper.hpp	85.2% <ø> (ø)
include/sc/MappingResults.hpp	83.3% <ø> (ø)
include/sc/configuration/AvailableArchitecture.hpp	36.0% <ø> (ø)
include/sc/configuration/CommanderGrouping.hpp	54.1% <ø> (ø)
include/sc/configuration/Configuration.hpp	100.0% <ø> (ø)
include/sc/configuration/Encoding.hpp	55.0% <ø> (ø)
include/sc/configuration/Heuristic.hpp	66.6% <ø> (ø)
... and 25 more