constrain signal delivery to Scheme to the main thread (#813)

The intent is to avoid crashes when a signal gets delimited to a
thread that might not even be a Scheme thread. Also, we don't try to
queue the event directly in the main thread's context, because then
we'd need more of a lock (while signal handling is otherwise an
implicit lock).

c/globals.h

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ EXTERN int S_num_preserve_ownership_threads;
 # ifdef IMPLICIT_ATOMIC_AS_EXPLICIT
 EXTERN s_thread_mutex_t S_implicit_mutex;
 # endif
+EXTERN s_thread_t S_main_thread_id;
 #endif
 
 /* segment.c */

c/schsig.c

@@ -666,6 +666,16 @@ ptr S_dequeue_scheme_signals(ptr tc) {
 static void forward_signal_to_scheme(INT sig) {
   ptr tc = get_thread_context();
 
+#ifdef PTHREADS
+  /* deliver signals to the main thread, only; depending
+     on the threads that are running, `tc` might even be NULL */
+  if (tc != TO_PTR(&S_G.thread_context)) {
+    pthread_kill(S_main_thread_id, sig);
+    RESET_SIGNAL
+    return;
+  }
+#endif
+
   if (enqueue_scheme_signal(tc, sig)) {
     SIGNALINTERRUPTPENDING(tc) = Strue;
     SOMETHINGPENDING(tc) = Strue;

c/thread.c

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ void S_thread_init(void) {
     s_thread_cond_init(&S_terminated_cond);
     S_alloc_mutex.owner = 0;
     S_alloc_mutex.count = 0;
+    S_main_thread_id = s_thread_self();
 
 # ifdef IMPLICIT_ATOMIC_AS_EXPLICIT
     s_thread_mutex_init(&S_implicit_mutex);

csug/system.stex

@@ -547,6 +547,8 @@ After a signal handler for a given signal has been registered, receipt
 of the specified signal results in a call to the handler.
 The handler is passed the signal number, allowing the same handler to
 be used for different signals while differentiating among them.
+In a threaded version of the system, signals are always delivered to
+the main thread.
 
 Signals handled in this fashion are treated like keyboard interrupts in
 that the handler is not called immediately when the signal is delivered