chore: add example Golang component

Signed-off-by: Brooks Townsend <brooksmtownsend@gmail.com>

components/golang/.gitignore

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+gen/*
+build/*

components/golang/go.mod

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+module github.com/wasmcloud/wasmcloud/examples/golang/components/http-hello-world
+
+go 1.21

components/golang/hello.go

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+package main
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	gen "github.com/wasmcloud/wasmcloud/examples/golang/components/http-hello-world/gen"
+)
+
+// Helper type aliases to make code more readable
+type HttpRequest = gen.ExportsWasiHttp0_2_0_IncomingHandlerIncomingRequest
+type HttpResponseWriter = gen.ExportsWasiHttp0_2_0_IncomingHandlerResponseOutparam
+type HttpOutgoingResponse = gen.WasiHttp0_2_0_TypesOutgoingResponse
+type HttpError = gen.WasiHttp0_2_0_TypesErrorCode
+
+type Document = gen.WasmcloudCouchbase0_1_0_draft_DocumentDocument
+
+type HttpServer struct{}
+
+func init() {
+	httpserver := HttpServer{}
+	// Set the incoming handler struct to HttpServer
+	gen.SetExportsWasiHttp0_2_0_IncomingHandler(httpserver)
+}
+
+func (h HttpServer) Handle(request HttpRequest, responseWriter HttpResponseWriter) {
+	// Construct HttpResponse to send back
+	headers := gen.NewFields()
+	httpResponse := gen.NewOutgoingResponse(headers)
+	httpResponse.SetStatusCode(200)
+	body := httpResponse.Body().Unwrap()
+	bodyWrite := body.Write().Unwrap()
+
+	// Get document body & id
+	documentContents := request.Consume().Unwrap().Stream().Unwrap().BlockingRead(99999).Unwrap()
+	var documentId string
+	if request.PathWithQuery().IsSome() {
+		trimmed := strings.TrimLeft(request.PathWithQuery().Unwrap(), "/")
+		if trimmed == "" {
+			documentId = "demodoc"
+		} else {
+			documentId = trimmed
+		}
+	} else {
+		documentId = "demodoc"
+	}
+
+	// Upsert and get the document
+	document := gen.WasmcloudCouchbase0_1_0_draft_TypesDocumentRaw(string(documentContents))
+	gen.WasmcloudCouchbase0_1_0_draft_DocumentUpsert(documentId, document, gen.None[gen.WasmcloudCouchbase0_1_0_draft_DocumentDocumentUpsertOptions]())
+	res := gen.WasmcloudCouchbase0_1_0_draft_DocumentGet(documentId, gen.None[gen.WasmcloudCouchbase0_1_0_draft_DocumentDocumentGetOptions]())
+
+	// Send HTTP response
+	okResponse := gen.Ok[HttpOutgoingResponse, HttpError](httpResponse)
+	gen.StaticResponseOutparamSet(responseWriter, okResponse)
+	if res.IsOk() {
+		document := res.Unwrap()
+		bodyWrite.BlockingWriteAndFlush([]uint8(document.Document.GetRaw())).Unwrap()
+	} else {
+		bodyWrite.BlockingWriteAndFlush([]uint8("Document not found")).Unwrap()
+	}
+	bodyWrite.Drop()
+	gen.StaticOutgoingBodyFinish(body, gen.None[gen.WasiHttp0_2_0_TypesTrailers]())
+}
+
+//go:generate wit-bindgen tiny-go wit --out-dir=gen --gofmt
+func main() {}

components/golang/wasmcloud.toml

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+name = "Go Couchbase"
+language = "tinygo"
+type = "component"
+version = "0.1.0"
+
+[component]
+wit_world = "hello"
+wasm_target = "wasm32-wasi-preview2"
+destination = "build/golang_s.wasm"

components/golang/wit/deps.lock

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+[cli]
+sha256 = "285865a31d777181b075f39e92bcfe59c89cd6bacce660be1b9a627646956258"
+sha512 = "da2622210a9e3eea82b99f1a5b8a44ce5443d009cb943f7bca0bf9cf4360829b289913d7ee727c011f0f72994ea7dc8e661ebcc0a6b34b587297d80cd9b3f7e8"
+
+[clocks]
+sha256 = "468b4d12892fe926b8eb5d398dbf579d566c93231fa44f415440572c695b7613"
+sha512 = "e6b53a07221f1413953c9797c68f08b815fdaebf66419bbc1ea3e8b7dece73731062693634731f311a03957b268cf9cc509c518bd15e513c318aa04a8459b93a"
+
+[couchbase]
+path = "../../../wit/couchbase"
+sha256 = "1c4502722fe222e4c4ca9fe94afde60e10e90808b615a2d11c6380c28bda4a1f"
+sha512 = "d530a661e4727a36de87dd354cc82e9f32b3dc2ca985c946afe618930a9b2794e9ed344c0142592a16ad4a0e10d7916b2c5741d935ff49deef5f4cf8bf3735c9"
+
+[filesystem]
+sha256 = "498c465cfd04587db40f970fff2185daa597d074c20b68a8bcbae558f261499b"
+sha512 = "ead452f9b7bfb88593a502ec00d76d4228003d51c40fd0408aebc32d35c94673551b00230d730873361567cc209ec218c41fb4e95bad194268592c49e7964347"
+
+[http]
+url = "https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-http/archive/v0.2.0.tar.gz"
+sha256 = "8f44402bde16c48e28c47dc53eab0b26af5b3b3482a1852cf77673e0880ba1c1"
+sha512 = "760695f9a25c25bf75a25b731cb21c3bda9e288e450edda823324ecbc73d5d798bbb5de2edad999566980836f037463ee9e57d61789d04b3f3e381475b1a9a0f"
+deps = ["cli", "clocks", "filesystem", "io", "random", "sockets"]
+
+[io]
+sha256 = "7210e5653539a15478f894d4da24cc69d61924cbcba21d2804d69314a88e5a4c"
+sha512 = "49184a1b0945a889abd52d25271172ed3dc2db6968fcdddb1bab7ee0081f4a3eeee0977ad2291126a37631c0d86eeea75d822fa8af224c422134500bf9f0f2bb"
+
+[random]
+sha256 = "7371d03c037d924caba2587fb2e7c5773a0d3c5fcecbf7971e0e0ba57973c53d"
+sha512 = "964c4e8925a53078e4d94ba907b54f89a0b7e154f46823a505391471466c17f53c8692682e5c85771712acd88b348686173fc07c53a3cfe3d301b8cd8ddd0de4"
+
+[sockets]
+sha256 = "622bd28bbeb43736375dc02bd003fd3a016ff8ee91e14bab488325c6b38bf966"
+sha512 = "5a63c1f36de0c4548e1d2297bdbededb28721cbad94ef7825c469eae29d7451c97e00b4c1d6730ee1ec0c4a5aac922961a2795762d4a0c3bb54e30a391a84bae"

components/golang/wit/deps.toml

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+http = "https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-http/archive/v0.2.0.tar.gz"
+couchbase = "../../../wit/couchbase"

components/golang/wit/deps/cli/command.wit

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+package wasi:cli@0.2.0;
+
+world command {
+  include imports;
+
+  export run;
+}

components/golang/wit/deps/cli/environment.wit

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+interface environment {
+  /// Get the POSIX-style environment variables.
+  ///
+  /// Each environment variable is provided as a pair of string variable names
+  /// and string value.
+  ///
+  /// Morally, these are a value import, but until value imports are available
+  /// in the component model, this import function should return the same
+  /// values each time it is called.
+  get-environment: func() -> list<tuple<string, string>>;
+
+  /// Get the POSIX-style arguments to the program.
+  get-arguments: func() -> list<string>;
+
+  /// Return a path that programs should use as their initial current working
+  /// directory, interpreting `.` as shorthand for this.
+  initial-cwd: func() -> option<string>;
+}

components/golang/wit/deps/cli/exit.wit

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+interface exit {
+  /// Exit the current instance and any linked instances.
+  exit: func(status: result);
+}

components/golang/wit/deps/cli/imports.wit

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+package wasi:cli@0.2.0;
+
+world imports {
+  include wasi:clocks/imports@0.2.0;
+  include wasi:filesystem/imports@0.2.0;
+  include wasi:sockets/imports@0.2.0;
+  include wasi:random/imports@0.2.0;
+  include wasi:io/imports@0.2.0;
+
+  import environment;
+  import exit;
+  import stdin;
+  import stdout;
+  import stderr;
+  import terminal-input;
+  import terminal-output;
+  import terminal-stdin;
+  import terminal-stdout;
+  import terminal-stderr;
+}

components/golang/wit/deps/cli/run.wit

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+interface run {
+  /// Run the program.
+  run: func() -> result;
+}

components/golang/wit/deps/cli/stdio.wit

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+interface stdin {
+  use wasi:io/streams@0.2.0.{input-stream};
+
+  get-stdin: func() -> input-stream;
+}
+
+interface stdout {
+  use wasi:io/streams@0.2.0.{output-stream};
+
+  get-stdout: func() -> output-stream;
+}
+
+interface stderr {
+  use wasi:io/streams@0.2.0.{output-stream};
+
+  get-stderr: func() -> output-stream;
+}

components/golang/wit/deps/cli/terminal.wit

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+/// Terminal input.
+///
+/// In the future, this may include functions for disabling echoing,
+/// disabling input buffering so that keyboard events are sent through
+/// immediately, querying supported features, and so on.
+interface terminal-input {
+    /// The input side of a terminal.
+    resource terminal-input;
+}
+
+/// Terminal output.
+///
+/// In the future, this may include functions for querying the terminal
+/// size, being notified of terminal size changes, querying supported
+/// features, and so on.
+interface terminal-output {
+    /// The output side of a terminal.
+    resource terminal-output;
+}
+
+/// An interface providing an optional `terminal-input` for stdin as a
+/// link-time authority.
+interface terminal-stdin {
+    use terminal-input.{terminal-input};
+
+    /// If stdin is connected to a terminal, return a `terminal-input` handle
+    /// allowing further interaction with it.
+    get-terminal-stdin: func() -> option<terminal-input>;
+}
+
+/// An interface providing an optional `terminal-output` for stdout as a
+/// link-time authority.
+interface terminal-stdout {
+    use terminal-output.{terminal-output};
+
+    /// If stdout is connected to a terminal, return a `terminal-output` handle
+    /// allowing further interaction with it.
+    get-terminal-stdout: func() -> option<terminal-output>;
+}
+
+/// An interface providing an optional `terminal-output` for stderr as a
+/// link-time authority.
+interface terminal-stderr {
+    use terminal-output.{terminal-output};
+
+    /// If stderr is connected to a terminal, return a `terminal-output` handle
+    /// allowing further interaction with it.
+    get-terminal-stderr: func() -> option<terminal-output>;
+}

components/golang/wit/deps/clocks/monotonic-clock.wit

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+package wasi:clocks@0.2.0;
+/// WASI Monotonic Clock is a clock API intended to let users measure elapsed
+/// time.
+///
+/// It is intended to be portable at least between Unix-family platforms and
+/// Windows.
+///
+/// A monotonic clock is a clock which has an unspecified initial value, and
+/// successive reads of the clock will produce non-decreasing values.
+///
+/// It is intended for measuring elapsed time.
+interface monotonic-clock {
+    use wasi:io/poll@0.2.0.{pollable};
+
+    /// An instant in time, in nanoseconds. An instant is relative to an
+    /// unspecified initial value, and can only be compared to instances from
+    /// the same monotonic-clock.
+    type instant = u64;
+
+    /// A duration of time, in nanoseconds.
+    type duration = u64;
+
+    /// Read the current value of the clock.
+    ///
+    /// The clock is monotonic, therefore calling this function repeatedly will
+    /// produce a sequence of non-decreasing values.
+    now: func() -> instant;
+
+    /// Query the resolution of the clock. Returns the duration of time
+    /// corresponding to a clock tick.
+    resolution: func() -> duration;
+
+    /// Create a `pollable` which will resolve once the specified instant
+    /// occured.
+    subscribe-instant: func(
+        when: instant,
+    ) -> pollable;
+
+    /// Create a `pollable` which will resolve once the given duration has
+    /// elapsed, starting at the time at which this function was called.
+    /// occured.
+    subscribe-duration: func(
+        when: duration,
+    ) -> pollable;
+}

components/golang/wit/deps/clocks/wall-clock.wit

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+package wasi:clocks@0.2.0;
+/// WASI Wall Clock is a clock API intended to let users query the current
+/// time. The name "wall" makes an analogy to a "clock on the wall", which
+/// is not necessarily monotonic as it may be reset.
+///
+/// It is intended to be portable at least between Unix-family platforms and
+/// Windows.
+///
+/// A wall clock is a clock which measures the date and time according to
+/// some external reference.
+///
+/// External references may be reset, so this clock is not necessarily
+/// monotonic, making it unsuitable for measuring elapsed time.
+///
+/// It is intended for reporting the current date and time for humans.
+interface wall-clock {
+    /// A time and date in seconds plus nanoseconds.
+    record datetime {
+        seconds: u64,
+        nanoseconds: u32,
+    }
+
+    /// Read the current value of the clock.
+    ///
+    /// This clock is not monotonic, therefore calling this function repeatedly
+    /// will not necessarily produce a sequence of non-decreasing values.
+    ///
+    /// The returned timestamps represent the number of seconds since
+    /// 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z, also known as [POSIX's Seconds Since the Epoch],
+    /// also known as [Unix Time].
+    ///
+    /// The nanoseconds field of the output is always less than 1000000000.
+    ///
+    /// [POSIX's Seconds Since the Epoch]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/xrat/V4_xbd_chap04.html#tag_21_04_16
+    /// [Unix Time]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_time
+    now: func() -> datetime;
+
+    /// Query the resolution of the clock.
+    ///
+    /// The nanoseconds field of the output is always less than 1000000000.
+    resolution: func() -> datetime;
+}

components/golang/wit/deps/clocks/world.wit

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+package wasi:clocks@0.2.0;
+
+world imports {
+    import monotonic-clock;
+    import wall-clock;
+}