Minor improvements

xml-provisional/DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00056.xml

@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ n="16" break="no"/>sya bhagavataḥ kanakanandy-<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</co
 n="17" break="no"/>sumi<space type="binding-hole"/>-sthitāya jinālayāya bhagavatām arhatāM ba<lb 
 n="18" break="no"/>li<space type="binding-hole"/>-vaiśvadeva-navakarmma-saraṇārtthaM sva-dharmm<unclear>ā</unclear>bhivr̥ddha<supplied reason="lost">ye</supplied><lb 
 n="19"/>potupa-viṣaye Elī-nadyāḫ pūrvv<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>e</corr></choice> <unclear cert="low">ta</unclear><unclear>ṅgo</unclear>manūṟuvu-grāmā<supplied reason="omitted">T</supplied><lb 
-n="20"/>dakṣiṇe naḷupūru-gr<choice><sic>o</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>māT pa<unclear>ści</unclear>me Iṇ<unclear cert="low">ṭha</unclear>ru-grāmāT <lb 
+n="20"/>dakṣiṇe naḷupūru-grāmāT pa<unclear>ści</unclear>me Iṇ<unclear cert="low">ṭha</unclear>ru-<choice><sic>ś</sic><corr>g</corr></choice>rāmāT <lb 
 n="21"/>U<unclear>tta</unclear>re Eṣā<unclear cert="low">M</unclear> madhye parttipāk<unclear>a</unclear>-grāma<choice><sic>T</sic><corr>M</corr></choice> <space/> da<space/>t<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>a<space/><unclear cert="low">M</unclear><space/></p>
 <p><pb 
 
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ n="3v"/>
       <app loc="21">
         <lem>parttipāk<unclear>a</unclear>-</lem>
         <rdg source="bib:PadmanabhaSastry1994_01">pattipoka-</rdg>
-        <note>The ARIE report gives this name as Pattipāka, along with the possible alternative Pattipāḍu. The segment <foreign>parttipā</foreign> is clear. The last character of the name has the fracture line running through its body, and what may be a vowel marker atop it is tangled with the subscript part of <foreign>ści</foreign> in the previous like. It was this subscript that made the ARIE reader think of <foreign>ḍ</foreign>, with the body of <foreign>k</foreign> resembling a dependent <foreign>u</foreign> attached to it. That reading can be ruled out with certainty. I believe that no dependent vowel is attached to this last consonant.</note>
+        <note>The ARIE report gives this name as Pattipāka, along with the possible alternative Pattipāḍu. The segment <foreign>parttipā</foreign> is clear. The <foreign>ā</foreign> marker is notched and thus reminiscent of the later cursive <foreign>o</foreign>, but compare the similarly notched <foreign>ā</foreign> e.g. in l. 3 <foreign>pādānudhyātānāM</foreign>, as opposed to the bipartite <foreign>o</foreign> marker in l. 19 <foreign>potupa</foreign>. The last character of the name has the fracture line running through its body, and what may be a vowel marker atop it is tangled with the subscript part of <foreign>ści</foreign> in the previous like. It was this subscript that made the ARIE reader think of <foreign>ḍ</foreign>, with the body of <foreign>k</foreign> resembling a dependent <foreign>u</foreign> attached to it. That reading can be ruled out with certainty. I believe that no dependent vowel is attached to this last consonant.</note>
       </app>
       <app loc="21">
         <lem>-grāma<choice><sic>T</sic><corr>M</corr></choice></lem>
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ n="3v"/>
 
 <div type="commentary">
 <p>PS gives no physical description and mentions no seal, but one is described in the ARIE report, and was present when I examined the original.</p>
-<p>Lines 19-21 (the last three lines on 2v) are a palimpsest over almost completely erased earlier text. The erasure has left the surface of the plates in a much rougher state throughout this zone. Vestiges of former characters are discernible in some spots, the clearest being a vertical stroke with an <foreign>i</foreign> marker on top to the right of <foreign>kṣi</foreign> in l20, <foreign>dakṣiṇe</foreign>; a probably <foreign>ddha</foreign> (possibly <foreign>ṣva</foreign>) within the first <foreign>grāmāT</foreign> in l20. Given the discontinuity at the beginning of 3r, it seems certain that the details of the village have been revised at more length than first inscribed (which may have been only two lines). The hand of these three lines may well be the same as in the rest of the plates.</p>
+<p>Lines 19-21 (the last three lines on 2v) are a palimpsest over almost completely erased earlier text. The erasure has left the surface of the plates in a much rougher state throughout this zone. Vestiges of former characters are discernible in some spots, the clearest being a vertical stroke with an <foreign>i</foreign> marker on top to the right of <foreign>kṣi</foreign> in l20, <foreign>dakṣiṇe</foreign>; a probable <foreign>ddha</foreign> (possibly <foreign>ṣva</foreign>) within the first <foreign>grāmāT</foreign> in l20. Given the discontinuity at the beginning of 3r, it seems certain that the details of the village have been revised at more length than first inscribed (which may have been only two lines). The hand of these three lines may well be the same as in the rest of the plates.</p>
 </div>
 
 

xml-provisional/DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00057.xml

@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ n="11"/>gihanandy-ācāryyasya śiṣyaḥ kanakanandy-ā<supplied reason="omitt
 n="12" break="no"/>m ājñāpayati minuṁbāka-viṣaye kasimi nāma rājadhānyām adhivasataḥ <pb 
 
 n="2v"/><lb 
-n="13"/><!--GOOD PHOTOS: P1020786.JPG; later part of l13: P1020790.JPG; right edge: P1020792.JPG, P1020793.JPG; middle of l18: P1020784.JPG--><unclear cert="low">senā</unclear>pati-rājapuru<supplied reason="lost">ṣā</supplied><unclear>dī</unclear><choice><sic>ni</sic><corr>N</corr></choice> <unclear cert="low">kuṭumbina</unclear>ś ca</p>
+n="13"/><!--GOOD PHOTOS: P1020786.JPG; later part of l13: P1020790.JPG; right edge: P1020792.JPG, P1020793.JPG; middle of l18: P1020784.JPG--><unclear>senā</unclear>pati-rājapuru<supplied reason="lost">ṣā</supplied>d<unclear>ī</unclear><choice><sic>ni</sic><corr>N</corr></choice> <unclear>k</unclear><unclear cert="low">uṭumb</unclear><choice><sic>ī</sic><corr>i</corr></choice><supplied reason="lost">na</supplied>ś ca</p>
 <p><unclear>tā</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ṁ</supplied>bra<unclear>śā</unclear>sanam ida<unclear>ṁ sa</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ṁ</supplied>pr<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>pta <unclear>viditam astu va</unclear><supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> <lb 
 n="14"/>pravarddhamāna-vijaya-rājya-saṁvatsare dvitīye pravarttamāna-jyeṣṭh<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>-mā<unclear cert="low">se</unclear> <supplied reason="lost">śu</supplied><unclear cert="low">kla</unclear><unclear>-pa</unclear><lb 
 n="15" break="no"/>kṣe tra<space type="binding-hole"/>yodaśyāṁ candra-dine kavi-Alambu-kṣetra-nivarttana-dva<unclear>y</unclear>aṁ tasya <unclear>kṣ</unclear>etra<unclear>s</unclear>ya <unclear>pū</unclear><lb 
@@ -265,17 +265,17 @@ n="27"/>ka<unclear cert="low">de</unclear>veluvu vr̥kṣamūla-caityaṁbu kṣ
         <rdg source="bib:PadmanabhaSastry1994_01">adhivasat</rdg>
       </app>
       <app loc="13">
-        <lem><unclear cert="low">senā</unclear>pati-rājapuru<supplied reason="lost">ṣā</supplied><unclear>dī</unclear><choice><sic>ni</sic><corr>N</corr></choice> <unclear cert="low">kuṭumbina</unclear>ś ca <unclear>tā</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ṁ</supplied>bra<unclear>śā</unclear>sanam ida<unclear>ṁ sa</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ṁ</supplied>pr<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>pta <unclear>viditam astu va</unclear><supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> </lem>
+        <lem><unclear>senā</unclear>pati- <gap reason="ellipsis"/> <unclear>viditam astu va</unclear><supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> </lem>
         <rdg source="bib:PadmanabhaSastry1994_01">saparirājapura viditam astu vo <gap reason="undefined" extent="unknown" unit="character"/></rdg>
-        <note>Much of this line is badly damaged, which is why PS seems to have read only a small part of it. There is certainly no lacuna where he indicates one, but there are plenty of unmarked gaps in his reading. My reading is fraught with uncertainty, but very possibly correct. I make no further emendation to <foreign>saṁprāpta</foreign>, whose function in the syntax is uncertain. Perhaps <foreign>saṁprāpya</foreign> was intended, or more simply but resulting in an awkwardly divided sentence, <foreign>saṁprāptaṁ</foreign>.</note>
+        <note>Much of this line is badly damaged, which is why PS seems to have read only a small part of it. There is certainly no lacuna where he indicates one, but there are plenty of unmarked gaps in his reading. My reading is fraught with uncertainty, but plausible. I make no further emendation to <foreign>saṁprāpta</foreign>, whose function in the syntax is uncertain. Perhaps <foreign>saṁprāpya</foreign> was intended, or more simply but resulting in an awkwardly divided sentence, <foreign>saṁprāptaṁ</foreign>.</note>
       </app>
       <app loc="14">
         <lem>pravarttamāna-</lem>
         <rdg source="bib:PadmanabhaSastry1994_01">pravarddhamāna-</rdg>
       </app>
       <app loc="14">
         <lem source="bib:PadmanabhaSastry1994_01"><supplied reason="lost">śu</supplied><unclear cert="low">kla</unclear>-</lem>
-        <note>This word has been all but obliterated. PS shows it as clear and I accept his testimony because I can make out faint vestiges of <foreign>kla</foreign>.</note>
+        <note>This word has been all but obliterated. PS shows it as clear and I accept his testimony because I can make out faint vestiges of <foreign>kla</foreign>. The preceding syllable may have been <foreign>su</foreign>, intended for <foreign>śu</foreign>.</note>
       </app>
       <app loc="15">
         <lem>tasya</lem>
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ n="27"/>ka<unclear cert="low">de</unclear>veluvu vr̥kṣamūla-caityaṁbu kṣ
   <div type="textpart" n="A"><head xml:lang="eng">Seal</head>
   </div>
   <div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>
-<p n="1-13">Greetings from the majestic encampment of victory.<note>Or perhaps, “the encampment at Vijayavāṭa.” See the apparatus to line 1.</note> The grandson of His Majesty King <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mahārāja</foreign></supplied> Viṣṇuvardhana, who attained victory by quashing the aggression <supplied reason="explanation">of enemies</supplied> in many battles and who was eager to adorn the lineage of the majestic Caḷukyas—who are of the Mānavya <foreign>gotra</foreign>, who are sons of Hārītī, who are protected by the band of Mothers, who have conquered the entirety of rulers by means of the <supplied reason="subaudible">mere</supplied> sight of the Boar emblem they have acquired by the grace of the divine Nārāyaṇa, and whose limbs have been hallowed through washing in the purificatory ablutions <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>avabhr̥tha</foreign></supplied> of the Aśvamedha sacrifice—; the dear son of the majestic King <supplied reason="explanation">mahārāja</supplied> Indra Bhaṭṭāraka, His Majesty King <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mahārāja</foreign></supplied> Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied>, who was deliberately appointed <supplied reason="subaudible">as heir</supplied> by his mother and father and whose ever-increasing valour forces the entire circle of subordinate rulers <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>sāmanta</foreign></supplied> to bow, who achieves prosperity by <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>means in accordance with</foreign></supplied> the textbooks of moral duty <supplied reason="explanation">dharmaśāstra</supplied> composed by Manu and so on, who is true to his word like Yudhiṣṭhira, as versed in polity <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>naya</foreign></supplied> as Br̥haspati and as versed in discipline <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vinaya</foreign></supplied> as Manu—having been petitioned by the son of the forehead ornament of the Ayyaṇa family of Mudinī village named Pr̥thivīvallabha, <supplied reason="subaudible">namely</supplied> by Bhaṭṭāraka Mañcirāja, who had received instruction from Kanakanandi Ācārya, who was a disciple of Gihanandi Ācārya who inhabited the village named Purucai in Draviḷa territory <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṣaya</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">and was a member</supplied> in the Yāpanīya Vr̥kṣamūla congregation <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>saṁgha</foreign></supplied> <seg cert="low">of</seg> Ponnikall—<supplied reason="explanation">Viṣṇuvardhana II</supplied> commands <seg cert="low">military officers <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>senāpati</foreign></supplied>, royal agents <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>rāja-puruṣa</foreign></supplied> and other <supplied reason="subaudible">functionaries</supplied> as well as householders</seg> inhabiting the royal seat <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>rājadhānī</foreign></supplied> named Kasimi in Minuṁbāka district <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṣaya</foreign></supplied> as follows:<note>Both the reading and the interpretation of the text is problematic at the end of this passage. See the apparatus and the commentary for my reasoning.</note></p>
+<p n="1-13">Greetings from the majestic encampment of victory.<note>Or perhaps, “the encampment at Vijayavāṭa.” See the apparatus to line 1.</note> The grandson of His Majesty King <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mahārāja</foreign></supplied> Viṣṇuvardhana, who attained victory by quashing the aggression <supplied reason="explanation">of enemies</supplied> in many battles and who was eager to adorn the lineage of the majestic Caḷukyas—who are of the Mānavya <foreign>gotra</foreign>, who are sons of Hārītī, who are protected by the band of Mothers, who have conquered the entirety of rulers by means of the <supplied reason="subaudible">mere</supplied> sight of the Boar emblem they have acquired by the grace of the divine Nārāyaṇa, and whose limbs have been hallowed through washing in the purificatory ablutions <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>avabhr̥tha</foreign></supplied> of the Aśvamedha sacrifice—; the dear son of the majestic King <supplied reason="explanation">mahārāja</supplied> Indra Bhaṭṭāraka, His Majesty King <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mahārāja</foreign></supplied> Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied>, who was deliberately appointed <supplied reason="subaudible">as heir</supplied> by his mother and father and whose ever-increasing valour forces the entire circle of subordinate rulers <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>sāmanta</foreign></supplied> to bow, who achieves prosperity by <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>means in accordance with</foreign></supplied> the textbooks of moral duty <supplied reason="explanation">dharmaśāstra</supplied> composed by Manu and so on, who is true to his word like Yudhiṣṭhira, as versed in polity <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>naya</foreign></supplied> as Br̥haspati and as versed in discipline <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vinaya</foreign></supplied> as Manu—having been petitioned by the son of the forehead ornament of the Ayyaṇa family of Mudinī village named Pr̥thivīvallabha, <supplied reason="subaudible">namely</supplied> by Bhaṭṭāraka Mañcirāja, who had received instruction from Kanakanandi Ācārya, who was a disciple of Gihanandi Ācārya who inhabited the village named Purucai in Dramiḷa territory <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṣaya</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">and was a member</supplied> in the Yāpanīya Vr̥kṣamūla congregation <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>saṁgha</foreign></supplied> <seg cert="low">of</seg> Ponnikall—<supplied reason="explanation">Viṣṇuvardhana II</supplied> commands <seg cert="low">military officers <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>senāpati</foreign></supplied>, royal agents <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>rāja-puruṣa</foreign></supplied> and other <supplied reason="subaudible">functionaries</supplied> as well as householders</seg> inhabiting the royal seat <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>rājadhānī</foreign></supplied> named Kasimi in Minuṁbāka district <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṣaya</foreign></supplied> as follows:<note>Both the reading and the interpretation of the text is problematic at the end of this passage. See the apparatus and the commentary for my reasoning.</note></p>
 <p n="13-19"><seg cert="low">Upon receipt of this copperplate charter</seg>, let it be known to you that in the ongoing second year of the victorious reign, in the course of the month Jyeṣṭha, in the bright fortnight, on the thirteenth, a Monday,<note>PS in his discussion of the grants translates <foreign>candra-dine</foreign> as Wednesday.</note> in order to augment our merit, vitality, health and glory, <supplied reason="subaudible">I</supplied> have given to the Bhaṭṭāra Mañci monastery <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vihāra</foreign></supplied>, <supplied reason="subaudible">which is</supplied> a residence of the Arhats, with a remission of all taxes, the Kavi Alambu field <supplied reason="subaudible">which has an extent of</supplied> two <foreign>nivartana</foreign>s and, to the east of that field, the Toṭa field which is of an extent <supplied reason="subaudible">suitable for</supplied> the planting of a thousand betelnut trees. The extents of its<note>I assume that the boundaries pertain to the field and the orchard as a combined entity, but this is not clear from the text.</note> borders <supplied reason="subaudible">are as follows</supplied>. To the east and south, the Viḷaṭṭura Kuṭi field. To the west, Kasimi. To the north, a Brahmin’s granted <supplied reason="subaudible">land</supplied> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>brahma-deya</foreign></supplied>.</p>
 <p n="19">The authority <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ājñapti</foreign></supplied> is <supplied reason="subaudible">the king’s</supplied> own mouth.</p>
 <p rend="stanza" n="1">Many <supplied reason="explanation">kings</supplied> have granted land, and many have preserved it <supplied reason="explanation">as formerly granted</supplied>. Whosoever at any time owns the land, the fruit <seg rend="pun">reward</seg> <supplied reason="explanation">accrued of granting it</supplied> belongs to him at that time.</p>