Keep FirebaseCore, FirebaseCoreExtension and FirebaseCoreInternal pod versions aligned to latest #5667

Job	Run time
pod-lib-lint (ios, macos-14)	9m 29s
quickstart (swift, macos-14, Xcode_15.3)	5m 25s
pod-lib-lint (tvos, macos-14)	5m 54s
pod-lib-lint (macos, macos-14)	5m 29s
quickstart-ftl-cron-only	0s
pod-lib-lint (watchos, macos-14)	4m 26s
spm-package-resolved	55s
storage-integration-tests (Swift)	32m 43s
storage-integration-tests (ObjC)	12m 27s
spm (macos-13, Xcode_15.2, iOS)	5m 13s
spm (macos-14, Xcode_15.4, iOS)	6m 55s
spm (macos-15, Xcode_16, iOS)	2m 18s
spm (macos-15, Xcode_16, tvOS)	2m 47s
spm (macos-15, Xcode_16, macOS)	1m 47s
spm (macos-15, Xcode_16, watchOS)	3m 9s
spm (macos-15, Xcode_16, catalyst)	2m 12s
spm (macos-15, Xcode_16, visionOS)	2m 13s
storage-cron-only	0s
	1h 43m 22s

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