Linux is an open-source operating system that was initially developed as a free alternative to proprietary Unix-based systems. Linux is known for its stability, security, flexibility, and scalability, making it an ideal choice for DevOps practices.
linux Commands That Every DevOps Engineer Should Know As a DevOps engineer, mastering certain Linux commands is essential for efficient system administration, automation, and troubleshooting. Here are some crucial Linux commands that every DevOps engineer should know:
1. File and Directory Management
ls - List files and directories.
cd - Change the current directory.
pwd - Print the current working directory.
mkdir - Create a new directory.
rm - Remove files and directories.
cp - Copy files and directories.
mv - Move or rename files and directories.
find - Search for files and directories.
chmod - Change file permissions.
chown - Change file ownership.
chgrp - Change file group ownership.
2. Text Manipulation and Viewing
cat - Concatenate and display file contents.
grep - Search for patterns in files.
head - Display the beginning of a file.
tail - Display the end of a file.
less - View file contents interactively.
sed - Stream editor for text manipulation.
awk - Text processing and data extraction tool.
3. Process and System Management
ps - View running processes.
top - Monitor system resources and processes in real-time.
kill - Terminate processes.
systemctl - Manage system services.
service - Control system services (older Linux distributions).
df - Display disk space usage.
du - Estimate file and directory disk usage.
free - Display system memory usage.
uptime - Show system uptime and load averages.
4. Networking
ping - Send ICMP echo requests to a host.
curl or wget - Download files from the web.
ssh - Securely connect to remote systems.
scp - Securely copy files between systems.
netstat - Network statistics and connections.
ifconfig or ip - Network interface configuration.
iptables or ufw - Firewall configuration.
5. Package Management
apt (Debian/Ubuntu) or yum (CentOS/RHEL) - Package management commands for installing, updating, and removing software packages.
dpkg (Debian/Ubuntu) or rpm (CentOS/RHEL) - Package management commands for querying package information and managing individual packages.
6. Compression and Archiving
tar - Create and extract tar archives.
gzip, gunzip, bzip2, unzip - Compress and decompress files.
zip - Create and extract ZIP archives.