jayci

Mini CI/CD framework for my personal projects

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bash notes

# list my alias helpers
jay

# see wussup
env

# find something in 'wussup'
env | grep something

# configure bash history
HISTCONTROL

git: quick ref

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bash NOTES:

• see notes.md

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jayci setup:

1. Clone jayci repo to ~/jaycody and cd jayci
2. Symlink the expected config locations in ~/.* to actual config files in jayci/ & jayci/configs/

# symlink to my config files in jayci repo from the expected locations in the home folder.
# ln -s [TARGET DIRECTORY OR FILE] [SYMLINK]
ln -s $HOME/jaycody/jayci/.jayrc $HOME/.jayrc
ln -s $HOME/jaycody/jayci/.vimrc $HOME/.vim/vimrc
ln -s $HOME/jaycody/jayci/.zshrc $HOME/.zshrc

3. Append .zshrc with instructions to source ${HOME}/.jayrc

# Source .jayrc if .jayrc is present
if [ -f $HOME/.jayrc ]; then
	source $HOME/.jayrc
fi

4. Download the colorscheme 'Tomorrow-Night' for .vimrc

# Add the 'colors' directory
mkdir ~/.vim/bundle
# then 
git clone https://github.com/Ardakilic/vim-tomorrow-night-theme.git
# finally, move the tomorrow-night-theme.vim to ~/.vim/colors
# remember the symlink should be 
~/.vim/vimrc ---> ${HOME}/jaycody/jayci/.vimrc

5. Install Homebrew
   /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"

6. Install tree
~/$ brew install tree

Remember to chmod those scripts in ./scripts/ as executable

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Installs and dependencies

• nvAlt
• ssh keys for github
• divvy
• dropbox
• Alfred

Sourcing Cascade Order

Here's the cascade order once .zshrc is updated and a symlink created for .jayrc:

FILE	ACTION
.bash_profile	---sources---> .jayrc
.jayrc	---sources---> jayci.cfg (and any other .cfg file for projects in the workspace
	exports globals (eg export WORKSPACE=${HOME}/src)
	sets aliases
	sets path
jayci.cfg	---sources---> jayci_utilities.sh
jayci_utilities.sh	repo-specific utility functions
jayci.cfg	---sources---> .git-prompt.sh
.git-prompt.sh	displays git repo at the prompt

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jayrc config file

• set prompt,
• export globals,
• ammend paths,
• make aliases,
• source config and scipt files

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Useful commands

# list function names whose prefix is 'jayci'
compgen -A function | grep jayci

# list my aliases
compgen -a

Verification Messages

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create and update a feature branch:

# update master
git checkout master
git pull

# create feature branch from master [-b create <branch>]
git checkout -b <feature_branch> master
git push -u origin <feature_branch>

#### MAGIC HERE ####

# update local feature branch
git add -A
git commit -m 'wittiness-o-rama'

# update remote feature branch 
git push

# update local feature branch with master
git checkout master
git pull
git checkout <feature_branch>
git merge master

# safely abort a merge that isn't going well
git merge --abort

# update remote feature branch with (the now current) local feature branch
git push


# submit MR on github - healthy git hygiene
# pull master and verify changes

# delete local feature branch
git branch -d <feature_branch>

# delete remote feature branch
git push origin --delete <feature_branch>

To switch to feature branch

# list branches (local and remote)
git branch -a

# then switch to local branch
git checkout <local_branch_name>
# or
git switch <local_branch_name>

# or switch to a remote branch:
git fetch
git checkout -t origin/<feature_branch> #[-t track this branch from origin]


# To checkout a branch from a specific commit
git log --oneline --graph  # or gitlog via alias
git checkout -B <branch_name> <starting_point>

Git Commands to run Often (100% Safe)

# Show status of repository
git status
# Show commit history
git log
# Show all branches (including remote)
git branch -a
# View diff between working copy and staging area (index)
git diff
# View diff between staging area and local repository
git diff --staged
# List all stashed changesets
git stash list
# Update local copy of remote repository
git fetch origin

Other Useful Commands

# Get help
git help
# Get help for <COMMAND>
git help <COMMAND>
# Show changes introduced by most recent commit
git show
# Show changes introduced by <SOME-COMMIT>
git show <SOME-COMMIT>
# Fetch origin and remove your local copy of other
# people's branches that no longer exist on remote:
git fetch origin --prune
# Temporarily stash away all changes in your currently checked out working copy
git stash
# List all stashed changesets
git stash list
# Bring back stashed changes later (use most recently stashed changeset)
git stash apply
# Bring back stashed changes later (use changeset <STASH>)
git stash apply <STASH>
# Delete a changeset from the stash
git stash drop <STASH>

git pull is short for git fetch plus git merge

• git merge will always merge into the branch that is currently checked out.
• git rebase will always rebase the branch that is currently checked out.
• git pull will always pull into the branch that is currently checked out.
• git pull is just a shortcut for git fetch followed by a git merge. This is the reason why you can encounter merge conflicts when you pull but never when you just fetch. git fetch only updates your local copy of the remote repository (always safe to do) but doesn't try to merge those changes into your local repository yet.

  git checkout myfeature_JV
  git fetch origin
  git merge origin/master

  is equivalent to

  git checkout myfeature_JV
  git pull origin master

git tags

# list local tags [-n for extensive]
git tag -n

# create local tag with annotations
git tag -a <tag_name> -m "<tag_annotation>"

# delete local tag
git tag -d <tag_name>

# view tag contents
git show <tag_name>

# push local tags to remote
git push --tags

# pull remote tags
git fetch --all --tags

Antipatterns

• Cross-merging between feature branches (instead, always branch off of and merge back into master, if possible)
• Huge commits grouping unrelated changes
• Uninformative commit messages
• Commit messages without prefix

Git Commit Prefixes

Commit prefixes that categorize each code commit. Recommended that you include any Jira ticket identifiers in your commit messages.

• ADD:
  Add module to repository

• BCH:
  Repository branch

• BUG:
  Bug fix. Either in response to a filed ticket or a bug you discover. Ideally, a jira ticket id (ie: HERMES-73) should be included where possible.

• BUR:
  Bureaucracy and paperwork such as 360 reports and monthlies. And burros.

• CNF:
  Configuration file change.

• DOC:
  Documentation update. Might be a reStructuredText doc change, a docstring, a code comment, or a release note.

• EGG:
  Adding a new egg.

• ENH:
  Feature enhancement. You've added a new feature to the code, maybe one the users will notice.

• GUI:
  GUI update.

• LNT:
  Lint elimination. Often in response to pylint messages.

• LOG:
  Change to logging.

• MNT:
  General code or repository maintenance, file renames, server admin, etc.

• MRG:
  Branch merging. Often merging others' changes.

• REF:
  Code refactoring.

• REQ:
  Change to dependency requirements.

• SEC:
  Security and authorization.

• SQL:
  SQL scripts and migrations.

• TST:
  Update to test code.

• VER:
  Project version change in the specific project, not in dependencies.

Undoing Changes

If you've messed up your working copy but haven't added those changes to the index or commited them yet, you can reset your working copy using

git checkout <file_you_want_to_reset.txt>

If you want to drop all unstaged changes in your working directory, you can do

git checkout .

If you've messed up your local branch by commiting stuff that you never wanted to commit, and now you want to completely undo (ERASE FROM HISTORY FOREVER) those commits, you can go back to <SOME-COMMIT> using

git reset --hard <SOME-COMMIT>

NOTE:

• This is a potentially dangerous command. Use with caution. It will throw away all uncommited changes, then reset your current branch to <SOME-COMMIT>, then reset your index and working copy so they look like the reset branch, too.
• If you have uncommited changes that you still want to use later (check git status before running this command!), stash them before the reset.

If you need to "undo" a git commit that you have already pushed to the remote repository, you can use git revert. Git revert accepts a commit hash, and will create a new commit whose changes undo the changes introduced in the referenced commit.

This becomes more tricky if the commit you need to revert is a merge. You can revert a merge using git revert. You have to specify which upstream commit of the merge should be considered as the base commit to which the other branch made changes. This is the -m option. Annoyingly, -m accepts a "parent number" rather than the commit hash of the parent commit you want to use. "parent numbers" are indexed from 1. The output of git log lists the parent commits for a merge commit in order of parent number. For instance:

commit a2481cdf7120917ec084806e4339954460b8e342
Merge: 4206527 dc3d482
Author: ...
Date: ...
Merge branches 'foo' and 'master' of git.amyris.local:amyris/bar

The line Merge: 4206527 dc3d482 shows that commit 4206527 is parent number 1 and commit dc3d482 is parent number 2. In my case, commit dc3d482 was the commit on the master branch, and commit 4206527 was the last commit on the branch that was accidentally merged into master. Thus, to revert that merge, I ran git revert -m 2 a2481cdf7120917ec084806e4339954460b8e342

There is a wrinkle here, though. Revert eliminates the data that was added in the commit, but it doesn't erase the history that says "all of these changes were merged into master". So, if you attempt to merge that same branch back into master at a future time, none of the changes you reverted will appear in master because the repo history already says that they have been merged in!

This post explains further: https://github.com/git/git/blob/master/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt

The short version is that if you want the changes from the feature branch that you merged and then reverted the merge, you need to revert the revert that undid the merge, effectively re-adding the changes from that merge. PITA. There are some other options in the above link.

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Miscellaneous Resources

• CIA's Git Hints