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Elastomeric Foam Impact Mitigating Materials Database

The database includes data for structure-properties relationships and mechanical modeling of elastic impact protection foams from a variety of imaging (micro-computed tomography, digital image correlation) and force-sensing instruments (dynamic mechanical analysis, universal test system) under a wide range of experimental conditions and modes. The data repository includes directories for: dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) raw data, results, and analysis tools; intermediate rate servo-hydraulic universal test system (UTS)-based raw data including 2D digital image correlation (DIC) images, results, and analysis tools; quasi-static rate (electro-mechanical UTS-based) raw data including 2D digital image correlation (DIC), results, and analysis tools; and, micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) data including raw volume images, filtered images, binarized images, other results, and analysis tools. For more information see the readme and data documentation in each respective directory. Our paper describing data collection, analysis, and database documentation is at Scientific Data.

Landauer, A.K., Kafka, O.L., Moser, N.H. et al. A materials data framework and dataset for elastomeric foam 
impact mitigating materials. Sci Data 10, 356 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02092-4

Access the Full Dataset

Data Structure Summary for VN data

.
└── Elastomeric Foam Database/
    ├── README.txt
    ├── license.txt
    ├── data_summary.txt
    ├── foam_data_entity_relationship_diagram.pdf
    ├── DMA_data/
    │   ├── data_framework_DMA.txt
    │   ├── supporting_analyses/
    │   │   └── [analysis files]
    |   ├── VN01_DMA.zip 
    │   └── VN01/
    |       ├── VN01_DMA_data_notes.txt
    │       ├── VN01_001_D06_003_R01/
    |       |   ├── VN01_001_D06_003_R01_Procedures/
    |       |   |   └── [procedure files]
    |       |   ├── VN01_001_D06_003_R01_TTS/
    |       |   |   ├── [VN01_001_D06_003_sweep_60C_to_n35C_full_data.xls]
    |       |   |   └── [VN01_TTS_D06_003_R01.xlsx]
    |       |   └── [raw data files] 
    |       ├── VN01_001_D06_004_R01/
    |       |   |── VN01_001_D06_004_R01_Procedures/
    |       |   |   └── [procedure files]
    |       |   ├── VN01_001_D06_004_R01_TTS/
    |       |   |   ├── [VN01_001_D06_004_sweep_60C_to_n35C_full_data.xls]
    |       |   |   └── [VN01_TTS_D06_004_R01.xlsx]
    |       |   └── [raw data files]
    |       └── VN01_001_D06_preliminary_experiments/
    |           ├── VN01_001_D06_preliminary_procedures/
    |           |   └── [procedure files]
    |           └── [raw data files]
    ├── intermediate_rate_data
    │   ├── data_framework_intermediate.txt
    │   ├── Foam_intermediate_rate_Table_of_Contents.txt
    │   ├── supporting_analyses/
    │   │   └── [analysis files]
    |   ├── supporting_analyses_intermediate_rate.zip 
    │   └── VN01/
    |       ├── VN01_notes_intermediate.txt
    |       ├── VN01_001_003_[R0p01,R0p10,R01p0,R10p0]_all.zip
    │       └── VN01_001_003_[R0p01,R0p10,R01p0,R10p0]_[00,01,02]/
    |           ├── VN01_001_003_[R0p01,R0p10,R01p0,R10p0]_[00,01,02]_images/
    |           |   └── [image files]
    |           ├── VN01_001_003_[R0p01,R0p10,R01p0,R10p0]_[00,01,02]_dic.mat
    |           ├── VN01_001_003_[R0p01,R0p10,R01p0,R10p0]_[00,01,02]_load.csv
    |           ├── VN01_001_003_[R0p01,R0p10,R01p0,R10p0]_[00,01,02]_load.xml
    |           └── VN01_001_003_[R0p01,R0p10,R01p0,R10p0]_[00,01,02]_length_scale.tif
    ├── microCT_data
    │   ├── data_framework_microCT.txt
    │   ├── Foam_microCT_Table_of_Contents.txt
    │   ├── supporting_analyses/
    │   │   └── python_imaging_library/
    |   |       ├── dependencies/
    |   |       |   └── [analysis scripts]
    |   |       ├── segmentation_scripts/
    |   |       |   └── [analysis scripts] 
    |   |       └── visualization_3D_script/
    |   |           └── [analysis scripts]
    |   ├── supporting_analyses_microCT.zip
    │   └── VN01/
    |       ├── VN01_notes_microCT.txt
    |       ├── VN01_16X2_S004_BASE.ZIP
    |       ├── VN01_[8X02,4X02]_S003_BASE.ZIP
    |       ├── VN01_4X02_S001_COMP.ZIP
    |       ├── VN01_20X2_S002_COMP.ZIP
    │       ├── VN01_16X2_S004_BASE/
    |       |   ├── VN01_16X2_S004_BASE_notes.txt
    |       |   ├── VN01_16X2_S004_BASE_BIN0/
    |       |   |   └── [binarized images]
    |       |   ├── VN01_16X2_S004_BASE_IMG0/
    |       |   |   └── [greyscale images]
    |       |   └── VN01_16X2_S004_BASE_RAW0/
    |       |       └── [raw projection data]
    |       ├── VN01_[8X02,4X02]_S003_BASE/
    |       |   ├── VN01_[8X02,4X02]_S003_BASE_notes.txt
    |       |   ├── VN01_[8X02,4X02]_S003_BASE_BIN0/
    |       |   |   └── [binarized images]
    |       |   ├── VN01_[8X02,4X02]_S003_BASE_IMG0/
    |       |   |   └── [greyscale images]
    |       |   └── VN01_[8X02,4X02]_S003_BASE_RAW0/
    |       |       └── [raw projection data]
    |       ├── VN01_4X02_S001_COMP/
    |       |   ├── VN01_4X02_S001_COMP_notes.txt
    |       |   ├── VN01_4X02_S001_COMP_BIN[0-6]/
    |       |   |   └── [binarized images]
    |       |   ├── VN01_4X02_S001_COMP_IMG[0-6]/
    |       |   |   └── [greyscale images]
    |       |   └── VN01_4X02_S001_COMP_RAW[0-6]/
    |       |       └── [raw projection data]
    |       └── VN01_20X2_S002_COMP/
    |           ├── VN01_20X2_S002_COMP_notes.txt
    |           ├── VN01_20X2_S002_COMP_BIN[0-6]/
    |           |   └── [binarized images]
    |           ├── VN01_20X2_S002_COMP_IMG[0-6]/
    |           |   └── [greyscale images]
    |           └── VN01_20X2_S002_COMP_RAW[0-6]/
    |               └── [raw projection data]
    └── quasistatic_rate_data
        ├── data_framework_quasistatic.txt
        ├── foam_quasistatic_Table_of_Contents.txt
        ├── supporting_analyses/
        │   └── [analysis files]
        ├── supporting_analyses_quasistatic.zip  
        └── VN01/
            ├── VN01_notes_quasistatic.txt
            ├── VN01_001_003_QS06_0[0-2].zip
            └── VN01_001_003_QS06_[00,01,02]/
                ├── VN01_001_003_QS06_[00,01,02]_images/
                |   └── [image files]
                ├── VN01_001_003_QS06_[00,01,02]_dic.mat
                ├── VN01_001_003_QS06_[00,01,02]_load.csv
                └── VN01_001_003_QS06_[00,01,02]_length_scale.bmp

DATA SOURCE MODALITIES (top level folders)

DMA_data

Data from dynamic mechanical analysis from small-amplitude oscillatory strain experiments and time-temperature superposition (TTS).

intermediate_rate_data

Data from a series of load-frame experiments at effective strains rates from 0.001 1/s to 10.0 1/s with high-speed imaging-based digital image correlation.

microCT_data

Micro-x-ray computed tomography (Micro-CT) volume images (greyscale and binarized) at assorted magnifications and/or with in-situ compression.

quasistatic_rate_data

Data from quasistatic (no rate-dependent effects active) load-frame experiments with high-resolution digital image correlation.

Access Data by Foam Type

Currently there is one complete material in this dataset: VN01 foam, and two partial: P125 and P155.

DMA VN01 P125 P155

Quasi-Static Rate Compression VN01 P125

Intermediate Rate Compression VN01

Micro-CT Images VN01 P125

Material details:

VN01

Vinyl-nitrile close-cell foam from Dertex Corp "Impax VN600". Proprietary polymer blend, likely a nitrile butadiene/polyvinyl-chloride blend. Manufacturer quoted specifications are as follows:

        ____________________________________________________________________________
       | DESCRIPTION             TEST METHOD         VN01          UNITS            |
       |----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
       | HARDNESS (DUROMETER)    ASTM D2240          (55 - 75)     SHORE 00         |
       |                         (TEMP. 21±0.5 °C)                                  |
       | DENSITY                 ASTM D297           (0.09 - 0.12) g/cm³            |
       | TENSILE STRENGTH        ASTM D412            1275         kPa              | 
       | TEAR STRENGTH           ASTM D624            6.37         kN/m             |
       | ELONGATION              ASTM D412            150 (min.)   % elongation     |
       | LINEAR SHRINKAGE        70 °C x 24 HR (10mm) 2.5          % shrinkage      |
       | COMPRESSION DEFLECTION  ASTM D1056           58.6 (min.)  25 % MPa         |
       |                         (TEMP. 21± 0.5°C)    8.4 (min.)   25 % PSI         |
       | RESILENCE               DIN 53512            13           % rebound        |
       |____________________________________________________________________________|

P125

Polyurethane-based moderate density (~192 kg/m^3 with 10 % tolerance) blown open cell foam. This is proprietary polymer blend, marketed under the name Poron XRD by Rogers Corp. Manufacturer quoted specifications are as follows:

        _____________________________________________________________________________
       | DESCRIPTION             TEST METHOD         P125           UNITS            |
       |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
       | HARDNESS (DUROMETER)    Shore "O"            19            SHORE 0          |
       | DENSITY                 ASTM 3574-95 A      (0.192+/-10 %) g/cm³            |
       | TENSILE STRENGTH        ASTM D412 E          310           kPa              | 
       | TEAR STRENGTH           ASTM D624 C          0.9           kN/m             |
       | ELONGATION              ASTM D412 E          145 (min.)    % elongation     |
       | COMPRESSION SET         ASTM D 3574 D @70 °C < 10          % max.           |
       | COMPRESSION DEFLECTION  0.2"/min @ 25 %      (10 - 38)     kPa              |
       |_____________________________________________________________________________|

P155

Polyurethane-based higher moderate density (~240 kg/m^3 with 10 % tolerance) blown open cell foam. This is proprietary polymer blend, marketed under the name Poron XRD by Rogers Corp. Manufacturer quoted specifications are as follows:

       _____________________________________________________________________________
       | DESCRIPTION             TEST METHOD         P155           UNITS            |
       |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
       | HARDNESS (DUROMETER)    Shore "O"            32            SHORE 0          |
       | DENSITY                 ASTM 3574-95 A      (0.240+/-10 %) g/cm³            |
       | TENSILE STRENGTH        ASTM D412 E          483           kPa              | 
       | TEAR STRENGTH           ASTM D624 C          0.9           kN/m             |
       | ELONGATION              ASTM D412 E          145 (min.)    % elongation     |
       | COMPRESSION SET         ASTM D 3574 D @70 °C < 10          % max.           |
       | COMPRESSION DEFLECTION  0.2"/min @ 25 %      (28 - 62)     kPa              |
       |_____________________________________________________________________________|
       

For P125 and 155 (Poron XRD) data see also: Experimental characterization and hyperelastic constitutive modeling of open-cell elastomeric foams.

Access Data by Experiment Type

DMA Data

Quasi-static Rate Compression

Intermediate Rate Compression

Micro-CT Data

SUPPORTING ANALYSIS METHODS (subfolders within a given test modality, see readme files):

DMA analysis

input datasheet (.xls). Python conversion sheet to convert input data format to TTS format. Example template for TTS (.xls)

Intermediate rate analysis

Matlab-based digital image correlation package set up to run on servo-hydraulic data and high-speed camera data

Micro-CT analysis

Python library to read in, process, and write out volume images from .tif stacks. This includes tools to pre-process (denoising filters, cropping, etc.) binarize and compute relative density and to write out volumes as .stl files.

Quasi-static rate analysis

Matlab-based digital image correlation package set up to run on electromechanical data and high-resolution camera data

Example Notebooks

Stress-Strain Curve Example

Example Notebook

DMA Data Visualization

Example Notebook

2022-08-18 This example notebooks are under construction, check back soon

How to Cite this Work

Landauer, Alexander K, Orion L Kafka, Newell H Moser, and Aaron M Forster. 
“A Materials Dataset for Elastomeric Foam Impact Mitigating Materials.” 
Materials Data Facility, 2022. https://doi.org/10.18126/6H74-LEB4.

Changelog

2022-08-04 Repository created

2022-08-18 Added links and instructions for how to access data, more thorough description of data artifacts, NIST disclaimer.

2023-01-25 Added links and information for the Poron XRD data that was recently added and updated the dataset structure to show .zip files.

Project Support

Data was collected in part while A.L., O.K. and N.M. held NRC Research Associateship awards at the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Data infrastructure: This work was performed under financial assistance award 70NANB14H012 from U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology as part of the Center for Hierarchical Material Design (CHiMaD). This work was performed under the following financial assistance award 70NANB19H005 from U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology as part of the Center for Hierarchical Materials Design (CHiMaD).



DISCLAIMER


Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this dataset in order to specify the experimental procedure adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by NIST, nor is it intended to imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.