PathProcessor is a base class for your PHP application, that allows iterating recursively through files and subdirectories, and performs an action on them. The action in PathProcessor is 'nothing' (because its processFile() definition is empty) and can be defined by subclasses.
See the code of PathProcessor and SubpathProcessor, and see PathRemover for a simple example. For several configuration settings (like whether symlinks are also processed, or a 'base directory' for relative filenames), see the constructor.
FileIndexer is a more elaborate example, 'indexing' some properties of the file in a database table. It can be further subclassed to do something interesting for the 'indexing' part; the default just reads the file and stores a hash in a database row.
(So, for completeness: 'indexing' here does not mean text indexing of the contents of the file. It might, but that would need to be written as a new child class of FileIndexer.)
This probably sounds like having this code already written, can save some hours of coding but other than that, isn't very noteworthy.
The interesting thing comes from the existence of case insensitive file systems and database tables, and varying handling of case sensitivity (by different database systems) by LIKE and CASE statements. The need to use systems with different case sensitivity got me so confused about conditions I needed to check for, that I decided to write a class that can deal with all combinations of file system and database case sensitivity, which is unit tested to a point that I trust it to never do anything unexpected with stored data (like ending up with duplicate rows).
FileIndexer will make sure that if either file system or database is case insensitive, no two 'identical except for casing' files will be indexed separately. This means that:
- Combining a case insensitive file system with a case sensitive database does not give surprises; files are matched correctly, regardless of the case of the filename on disk vs. stored in the database.
- Combining a case sensitive file system with a case insensitive database means that only one of those files is ever indexed; un-indexable files will log a warning. Re-casing one indexed file on the file system won't matter for the indexed table; the file will still be recognized.
Assumptions about case sensitivity are set like other configuration settings. The default for 'case_insensitive_filesystem' (defined in PathProcessor) is false; the default for 'case_insensitive_database' (defined in FileIndexer) is true. Note that 'database' technically means 'the database table containing the filename data'.
It's important that these are configured correctly, to not run into unexpected behavior. For reference (not least by myself), this unexpected behavior would probably be:
If 'case_insensitive_database' is set to false when the table is actually case insensitive: you get errors when indexing separate differently cased files, on case sensitive fs (because only one of them can be inserted, which is not what the code assumes).
If 'case_insensitive_database' is not set to false when the table is actually case sensitive:
- Combined with a case sensitive file system, this class will refuse to index differently-cased files.
- Combined with a case insensitive file system, inserting new file records will fail when re-indexing files that contain uppercase letters. This is because the code looking for existing records in the database misses them, by assuming it can find filenames by querying for the lowercase equivalent. (This means that you'll likely see the mistake pretty soon; warnings will be logged including a hint about the case sensitivity.)
If 'case_insensitive_filesystem' is not set to true when the file system is actually case insensitive:
- Combined with a case sensitive database table, you risk getting duplicate indexed db records for the same file if you process it (i.e. pass it into processPaths()) with different permutations of case.
- Combined with a case insensitive database table, nothing will happen (except the code might assume there are separate db records for indexed files, and mess up logs if you do the above).
If 'case_insensitive_filesystem' is set to true when the file system is actually case sensitive: If several files exist with different permutations of case, only one of them gets indexed.
FileIndexer uses SQL queries that use a LIKE operator. For SQLite databases, case sensitivity of the LIKE operator is not determined by the case sensitivity of the table or by a keyword in theSQL statements but instead set connection-wide, using a PRAGMA statement. When using a case sensitive table and a case sensitive file system, you must also execute the following in order for the code to be able to handle differently cased files:
PRAGMA case_sensitive_like=ON;The class doesn't do this by itself because it does not want to modify the database connection globally; this should be up to the caller.
The code has been tested against MySQL and SQLite databases; it uses PDO for working with databases.
Making sure that case sensitivity is handled correctly by the database system, is outside of the scope of this code. For example: on SQLite without a certain extension installed, 'LIKE' operations will not match non-ASCII characters of varying case properly so the 'LIKE' operation is not truly case insensitive, which this code depends on if either the database or the file system is supposed to be case sensitive. This will cause issues when those non-ASCII characters are used with varying case in directory names, or when the case of directory names on disk does not match the case of the directory as indexed in the database.
Although PHP5.6 is officially End Of Life, I'll try to keep this code compatible with it until there is a real reason to introduce PHP7-only language constructs. It's not tested on PHP5 though, because the unit tests are not compatible with PHPUnit 5.
The tricky thing with PHPUnit tests is that they need both a case sensitive and a case insensitive file system, and these things cannot be emulated. So Github's standard Travis will only run a part of the tests, for one file sysem.
To run the full tests, the path of a case sensitive/insensitive directory can be defined by setting the environment variables TEST_DIR_CASE_SENSITIVE and TEST_DIR_CASE_INSENSITIVE. Both will default to /tmp; either one of them will cause tests to be skipped when the actual case sensitivity is not as assumed.
To run tests against a different database system than SQLite in memory, set FILE_INDEXER_TEST_PDO_DSN (to any valid PDO DSN), FILE_INDEXER_TEST_PDO_USER and FILE_INDEXER_TEST_PDO_PASS environment variables.
Setting those environment variables may need phpunit to run with 'php -d variables_order=EGPCS' in order to pick up their values. If you know a better way of defining these two directories dynamically by anyone who wants to run complete tests (or of overriding the PDO connection): feedback is welcome.