Add validator-manager (#3502)

## Issue Addressed

Addresses #2557

## Proposed Changes

Adds the `lighthouse validator-manager` command, which provides:

- `lighthouse validator-manager create`
    - Creates a `validators.json` file and a `deposits.json` (same format as https://github.com/ethereum/staking-deposit-cli)
- `lighthouse validator-manager import`
    - Imports validators from a `validators.json` file to the VC via the HTTP API.
- `lighthouse validator-manager move`
    - Moves validators from one VC to the other, utilizing only the VC API.

## Additional Info

In 98bcb94 I've reduced some VC `ERRO` and `CRIT` warnings to `WARN` or `DEBG` for the case where a pubkey is missing from the validator store. These were being triggered when we removed a validator but still had it in caches. It seems to me that `UnknownPubkey` will only happen in the case where we've removed a validator, so downgrading the logs is prudent. All the logs are `DEBG` apart from attestations and blocks which are `WARN`. I thought having *some* logging about this condition might help us down the track.

In 856cd7e I've made the VC delete the corresponding password file when it's deleting a keystore. This seemed like nice hygiene. Notably, it'll only delete that password file after it scans the validator definitions and finds that no other validator is also using that password file.

Cargo.toml

@@ -83,6 +83,8 @@ members = [
     "validator_client",
     "validator_client/slashing_protection",
 
+    "validator_manager",
+
     "watch",
 ]
 resolver = "2"

account_manager/Cargo.toml

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ safe_arith = {path = "../consensus/safe_arith"}
 slot_clock = { path = "../common/slot_clock" }
 filesystem = { path = "../common/filesystem" }
 sensitive_url = { path = "../common/sensitive_url" }
+serde = { version = "1.0.116", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.58"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 tempfile = "3.1.0"

account_manager/src/common.rs

@@ -1,55 +1,7 @@
-use account_utils::PlainText;
-use account_utils::{read_input_from_user, strip_off_newlines};
-use eth2_wallet::bip39::{Language, Mnemonic};
-use std::fs;
-use std::path::PathBuf;
-use std::str::from_utf8;
-use std::thread::sleep;
-use std::time::Duration;
+use account_utils::read_input_from_user;
 
-pub const MNEMONIC_PROMPT: &str = "Enter the mnemonic phrase:";
 pub const WALLET_NAME_PROMPT: &str = "Enter wallet name:";
 
-pub fn read_mnemonic_from_cli(
-    mnemonic_path: Option<PathBuf>,
-    stdin_inputs: bool,
-) -> Result<Mnemonic, String> {
-    let mnemonic = match mnemonic_path {
-        Some(path) => fs::read(&path)
-            .map_err(|e| format!("Unable to read {:?}: {:?}", path, e))
-            .and_then(|bytes| {
-                let bytes_no_newlines: PlainText = strip_off_newlines(bytes).into();
-                let phrase = from_utf8(bytes_no_newlines.as_ref())
-                    .map_err(|e| format!("Unable to derive mnemonic: {:?}", e))?;
-                Mnemonic::from_phrase(phrase, Language::English).map_err(|e| {
-                    format!(
-                        "Unable to derive mnemonic from string {:?}: {:?}",
-                        phrase, e
-                    )
-                })
-            })?,
-        None => loop {
-            eprintln!();
-            eprintln!("{}", MNEMONIC_PROMPT);
-
-            let mnemonic = read_input_from_user(stdin_inputs)?;
-
-            match Mnemonic::from_phrase(mnemonic.as_str(), Language::English) {
-                Ok(mnemonic_m) => {
-                    eprintln!("Valid mnemonic provided.");
-                    eprintln!();
-                    sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));
-                    break mnemonic_m;
-                }
-                Err(_) => {
-                    eprintln!("Invalid mnemonic");
-                }
-            }
-        },
-    };
-    Ok(mnemonic)
-}
-
 /// Reads in a wallet name from the user. If the `--wallet-name` flag is provided, use it. Otherwise
 /// read from an interactive prompt using tty unless the `--stdin-inputs` flag is provided.
 pub fn read_wallet_name_from_cli(

account_manager/src/validator/import.rs

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ use account_utils::{
     eth2_keystore::Keystore,
     read_password_from_user,
     validator_definitions::{
-        recursively_find_voting_keystores, ValidatorDefinition, ValidatorDefinitions,
-        CONFIG_FILENAME,
+        recursively_find_voting_keystores, PasswordStorage, ValidatorDefinition,
+        ValidatorDefinitions, CONFIG_FILENAME,
     },
     ZeroizeString,
 };
@@ -277,7 +277,9 @@ pub fn cli_run(matches: &ArgMatches, validator_dir: PathBuf) -> Result<(), Strin
         let suggested_fee_recipient = None;
         let validator_def = ValidatorDefinition::new_keystore_with_password(
             &dest_keystore,
-            password_opt,
+            password_opt
+                .map(PasswordStorage::ValidatorDefinitions)
+                .unwrap_or(PasswordStorage::None),
             graffiti,
             suggested_fee_recipient,
             None,

account_manager/src/validator/recover.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 use super::create::STORE_WITHDRAW_FLAG;
-use crate::common::read_mnemonic_from_cli;
 use crate::validator::create::COUNT_FLAG;
 use crate::wallet::create::STDIN_INPUTS_FLAG;
 use crate::SECRETS_DIR_FLAG;
 use account_utils::eth2_keystore::{keypair_from_secret, Keystore, KeystoreBuilder};
-use account_utils::random_password;
+use account_utils::{random_password, read_mnemonic_from_cli};
 use clap::{App, Arg, ArgMatches};
 use directory::ensure_dir_exists;
 use directory::{parse_path_or_default_with_flag, DEFAULT_SECRET_DIR};

account_manager/src/wallet/recover.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-use crate::common::read_mnemonic_from_cli;
 use crate::wallet::create::{create_wallet_from_mnemonic, STDIN_INPUTS_FLAG};
 use crate::wallet::create::{HD_TYPE, NAME_FLAG, PASSWORD_FLAG, TYPE_FLAG};
+use account_utils::read_mnemonic_from_cli;
 use clap::{App, Arg, ArgMatches};
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 

book/src/SUMMARY.md

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 * [Run a Node](./run_a_node.md)
 * [Become a Validator](./mainnet-validator.md)
 * [Validator Management](./validator-management.md)
+    * [The `validator-manager` Command](./validator-manager.md)
+        * [Creating validators](./validator-manager-create.md)
+        * [Moving validators](./validator-manager-move.md)
     * [Slashing Protection](./slashing-protection.md)
     * [Voluntary Exits](./voluntary-exit.md)
     * [Partial Withdrawals](./partial-withdrawal.md)
@@ -41,7 +44,7 @@
     * [Remote Signing with Web3Signer](./validator-web3signer.md)
     * [Database Configuration](./advanced_database.md)
     * [Database Migrations](./database-migrations.md)
-    * [Key Management](./key-management.md)
+    * [Key Management (Deprecated)](./key-management.md)
     * [Key Recovery](./key-recovery.md)
     * [Advanced Networking](./advanced_networking.md)
     * [Running a Slasher](./slasher.md)

book/src/key-management.md

@@ -1,9 +1,30 @@
-# Key Management
+# Key Management (Deprecated)
 
 [launchpad]: https://launchpad.ethereum.org/
 
->
-> **Note: While Lighthouse is able to generate the validator keys and the deposit data file to submit to the deposit contract, we strongly recommend using the [staking-deposit-cli](https://github.com/ethereum/staking-deposit-cli) to create validators keys and the deposit data file. This is because the [staking-deposit-cli](https://github.com/ethereum/staking-deposit-cli) has the option to assign a withdrawal address during the key generation process, while Lighthouse wallet will always generate keys with withdrawal credentials of type 0x00. This means that users who created keys using Lighthouse will have to update their withdrawal credentials in the future to enable withdrawals. In addition, Lighthouse generates the deposit data file in the form of `*.rlp`, which cannot be uploaded to the [Staking launchpad][launchpad] that accepts only `*.json` file. This means that users have to directly interact with the deposit contract to be able to submit the deposit if they were to generate the files using Lighthouse.**
+**⚠️ The information on this page refers to tooling and process that have been deprecated. Please read the "Deprecation Notice". ⚠️**
+
+## Deprecation Notice
+
+This page recommends the use of the `lighthouse account-manager` tool to create
+validators. This tool will always generate keys with the withdrawal credentials
+of type `0x00`. This means the users who created keys using `lighthouse
+account-manager` will have to update their withdrawal credentials in a
+separate step to receive staking rewards.
+
+In addition, Lighthouse generates the deposit data file in the form of `*.rlp`,
+which cannot be uploaded to the [Staking launchpad][launchpad] that accepts only
+`*.json` file. This means that users have to directly interact with the deposit
+contract to be able to submit the deposit if they were to generate the files
+using Lighthouse.
+
+Rather than continuing to read this page, we recommend users visit either:
+
+- The [Staking Launchpad][launchpad] for detailed, beginner-friendly instructions.
+- The [staking-deposit-cli](https://github.com/ethereum/staking-deposit-cli) for a CLI tool used by the [Staking Launchpad][launchpad].
+- The [validator-manager documentation](./validator-manager.md) for a Lighthouse-specific tool for streamlined validator management tools.
+
+## The `lighthouse account-manager`
 
 Lighthouse uses a _hierarchical_ key management system for producing validator
 keys. It is hierarchical because each validator key can be _derived_ from a

book/src/validator-management.md

@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ standard directories and do not start their `lighthouse vc` with the
 this document. However, users with more complex needs may find this document
 useful.
 
+The [lighthouse validator-manager](./validator-manager.md) command can be used
+to create and import validators to a Lighthouse VC. It can also be used to move
+validators between two Lighthouse VCs.
+
 ## Introducing the `validator_definitions.yml` file
 
 The `validator_definitions.yml` file is located in the `validator-dir`, which