Fix(deps): Use correct parent and required flyway10 module for postgres

[ahennr]

Description

This MR syncs the spring boot parent version with the one used in SHOGun dependencies itself (3.3.4). Herewith, a lot of dependency updates are included as well.
Beside, I've cleaned up the versions in the properties to inherit the version of spring-boot-dependencies wherever is is possible.

Since flyway has been upgraded to v10 including its breaking change of model usage and upgrading to jackson 1.17.2 I would categorize these changes as breaking ones.

See also:

• https://documentation.red-gate.com/flyway/release-notes-and-older-versions/release-notes-for-flyway-engine
• https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/wiki/Spring-Boot-3.3-Release-Notes#flyway-10

In testcontainers setup, I've upgraded the postgis image to postgis/postgis:16-3.4-alpine since we already use it in shogun-docker as well.

Plz review @terrestris/devs

Related issues or pull requests

Pull request type

• Bugfix
• Feature
• Dependency updates
• Tests
• Code style update (formatting, renaming)
• Refactoring (no functional changes, no api changes)
• Build related changes
• Documentation content changes
• Other (please describe)

Do you introduce a breaking change?

• Yes
• No

Checklist

• I understand and agree that the changes in this PR will be licensed under the
  Apache Licence Version 2.0.
• I have followed the guidelines for contributing.
• The proposed change fits to the content of the code of conduct.
• I have added or updated tests and documentation, and the test suite passes (run mvn test locally).
• I have added a screenshot/screencast to illustrate the visual output of my update.

[dnlkoch]

Awesome, thanks @ahennr

[github-actions]

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