pywebview is a lightweight cross-platform wrapper around a webview component that allows to display HTML content in its own native GUI window. It gives you power of web technologies in your desktop application, hiding the fact that GUI is browser based. You can use pywebview either with a lightweight web framework like Flask or Bottle or on its own with a two way bridge between Python and DOM.
pywebview uses native GUI for creating a web component window: WinForms on Windows, Cocoa on Mac OSX and Qt4/5 or GTK3 on Linux. If you choose to freeze your application, pywebview does not bundle a heavy GUI toolkit or web renderer with it keeping the executable size small. Compatible with both Python 2 and 3. While Android is not supported, you can use the same codebase with solutions like Python for Android for creating an APK.
Licensed under the BSD license. Maintained by Roman Sirokov and Shiva Prasad.
Apps created with pywebview. If you have built an app using pywebview, please do not hesitate to showcase it.
- Next for Traktor: http://flowrl.com/next
- Traktor Librarian: http://flowrl.com/librarian/
If you have the dependencies installed, simply:
pip install pywebview
To automatically fetch and install Python dependencies for your platform, install with the appropriate "install extras".
(Note that the same code is installed regardless; if more than one of the libraries below are available they will be tried in the order listed in this readme.)
On Windows (using WinForms with pythonnet):
pip install pywebview[winforms]
On Mac (using the Cocoa WebKit widget via pyobjc):
pip install pywebview[cocoa]
On Linux (using GTK3 via PyGObject):
pip install pywebview[gtk3]
On Linux or Mac with either Qt 5:
pip install pywebview[qt5] # Qt5 with PyQt5
To use pywebview with PyQt4, you have to install it separately, as it is not available in pypi.
A second implementation for Windows using pywin32 and comtypes is also available:
pip install pywebview[win32]
On Windows you can choose between Win32 and Windows Forms implementation. The Win32 implementation is not actively developed and misses some features.
For Windows Forms
pythonnet
For Win32 you need
pywin32, comtypes. ActiveState distribution of Python 2 comes with pywin32 preinstalled
pyobjc. PyObjC comes presintalled with the Python bundled in OS X. For a stand-alone Python installation you have to install it separately.
For GTK3 based systems:PyGObject
On Debian based systems run
sudo apt-get install python-gi gir1.2-webkit-3.0
For QT based systems
Either PyQt4 or PyQt5
import webview
webview.create_window("It works, Jim!", "http://www.flowrl.com")
For more elaborated usage, refer to the examples in the examples directory.
There is also a sample Flask application boilerplate provided in the examples/flask_app directory. It provides
an application scaffold and boilerplate code for a real-world application.
-
webview.create_window(title, url='', js_api=None, width=800, height=600, resizable=True, fullscreen=False, min_size=(200, 100)), strings={}, confirm_quit=False, background_color='#FFF', debug=False)Create a new WebView window. Calling this function for the first time will start the application and block program execution; so you have to execute your program logic in a separate thread. Subsequent calls will return a unique
uidfor the created window, which can be used to refer to the specific window in the API functions (single-window applications need not bother about theuidand can simply omit it from function calls; see below).title- Window titleurl- URL to loadjs_api- Exposejs_apito the DOM of the current WebView window. Callable functions ofjs_apican be executed using Javascript page viawindow.pywebview.apiobject. Custom functions accept a single parameter, either a primitive type or an object. Objects are converted todicton the Python side. Functions are executed in separate threads and are not thread-safe.width- Window width. Default is 800px.height- Window height. Default is 600px.resizable- Whether window can be resized. Default is Truefullscreen- Whether to start in fullscreen mode. Default is Falsemin_size- a (width, height) tuple that specifies a minimum window size. Default is 200x100strings- a dictionary with localized strings. Default strings and their keys are defined in localization.pyconfirm_quit- Whether to display a quit confirmation dialog. Default is Falsebackground_color- Background color of the window displayed before WebView is loaded. Specified as a hex color. Default is white.debug- (OSX only) Enables web inspector, when set to True.
These functions below must be invoked after atleast one WebView window is created with create_window(). Otherwise an exception is thrown.
In all cases, uid is the uid of the target window returned by create_window(); if no window exists with the given uid, an exception
is thrown. Default is 'master', which is the special uid given to the initial window.
-
webview.set_title(title, uid='master')Change the window title. -
webview.load_url(url, uid='master')Load a new URL into the specified WebView window. -
webview.load_html(content, uid='master')Loads HTML content into the specified WebView window. -
webview.evaluate_js(script, uid='master')Execute Javascript code in the specified window. The last evaluated expression is returned. -
webview.get_current_url(uid='master')Return the currently loaded URL in the specified window. -
webview.toggle_fullscreen(uid='master')Toggle fullscreen mode of a window on the active monitor. -
webview.create_file_dialog(dialog_type=OPEN_DIALOG, directory='', allow_multiple=False, save_filename='', file_types=())Create an open file (
webview.OPEN_DIALOG), open folder (webview.FOLDER_DIALOG) or save file (webview.SAVE_DIALOG) dialog. Return a tuple of selected files, None if cancelled.allow_multiple=Trueenables multiple selection.directoryInitial directory.save_filenameDefault filename for save file dialog.file_typesA tuple of supported file type strings in the open file dialog. A file type string must follow this format"Description (*.ext1;*.ext2...)". If the argument is not specified, then the"All files (*.*)"mask is used by default. The 'All files' string can be changed in the localization dictionary.
-
webview.destroy_window(uid='master')Destroy the specified WebView window. -
webview.window_exists(uid='master')Return True if a WebView window with the given uid is up and running, False otherwise.
pywebview uses pytest for testing. To run tests, simply type pytest tests in the project root directory. Tests cover only trivial mistakes, syntax errors, exceptions and such, in other words there is no functional testing. Each test verifies that a pywebview window can be opened and exited without errors when run under different scenarios.
For OS X and Linux systems you get WebKit. The actual version depends on the version of installed Safari on OS X and QT / GTK on Linux.
For Windows, you get MSHTML (Trident) in all its glory. The version depends on the installed version of Internet Explorer. For Windows XP systems, you cannot get anything better than IE8. For Vista, you are limited to IE9. For Windows 7/8/10, you will get the latest installed version. Embedding EdgeHTML engine is not made possible by Microsoft.
Use py2app on OS X and pyinstaller on Windows. For reference setup.py files, look in examples/py2app_setup.py. Pyinstaller builds a working executable out of the box, however you need to include .NET assembly Python.Runtime.dll (of pythonnet) to the target directory by providing built-in pyinstaller hook. The proper way to use this clr hook is to specify --hidden-import=clr from command-line or hiddenimports=['clr'] in spec file. This should take care of finding Python.Runtime.DLL hidden import for Windows.
Under virtualenv on OS X, a window created with pywebview has issues with keyboard focus and Cmd+Tab. This behaviour is caused by the Python interpretor that comes with virtualenv. To solve this issue, you need to overwrite your_venv/bin/python with the Python interpretor found on your system. Alternatively you can configure your virtual environment to use another Python interpretor as described here.