Bump sphinx from 7.2.6 to 8.0.2 (#2455)

* Bump sphinx from 7.2.6 to 8.0.2

Bumps [sphinx](https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx) from 7.2.6 to 8.0.2.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/blob/master/CHANGES.rst)
- [Commits](sphinx-doc/sphinx@v7.2.6...v8.0.2)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: sphinx
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

* bump other doc dependencies

* remove leftover footnote

---------

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Alessandro Cosentino <alessandro@unitary.fund>

docs/source/examples/template.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ kernelspec:
 # An example Jupyter Notebook
 
 This notebook is a demonstration of directly-parsing Jupyter Notebooks into
-Sphinx using the MyST parser.[^download]
+Sphinx using the MyST parser.
 
 ## Markdown
 
@@ -164,4 +164,4 @@ nbsphinx_thumbnails = {
  "examples/{EXAMPLE_FILENAME_WITHOUT_.md}": "_static/{THUMBNAIL_FILENAME_WITH_EXTENSION}",
  "examples/hamiltonians": "_static/vqe-cirq-pauli-sum-mitigation-plot.png"
  }
-```
+```

requirements/requirements-dev.txt

@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mypy==1.0.0
 types-tabulate
 
 # Documentation and examples.
-Sphinx==7.2.6
+Sphinx==8.0.2
 sphinxcontrib-bibtex==2.6.2
 sphinx-copybutton==0.5.2
 sphinx-autodoc-typehints==2.0.0
-myst-nb==1.0.0
-myst-parser==3.0.1
-pydata-sphinx-theme==0.15.2
+myst-nb==1.1.1
+myst-parser==4.0.0
+pydata-sphinx-theme==0.15.4
 jupytext==1.16.1
 sphinx-gallery==0.15.0
 nbsphinx==0.9.3