sagemathgh-37476: Add free disk space option to Docker build default

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Extracts from sagemath#37351 the important
and uncontroversal parts. Fixes the build errors of the default run:
https://github.com/sagemath/sage/actions/runs/8037559468/job/21952518852
Closes sagemath#37330.

Author: @mkoeppe
Reviewer: @tobiasdiez

### 📝 Checklist

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- [ ] The title is concise and informative.
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### ⌛ Dependencies

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URL: sagemath#37476
Reported by: Tobias Diez
Reviewer(s): Tobias Diez

.github/workflows/ci-linux.yml

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ jobs:
     uses: ./.github/workflows/docker.yml
     with:
       # Build from scratch
+      free_disk_space: true
       docker_targets: "with-system-packages configured with-targets-pre with-targets"
       # FIXME: duplicated from env.TARGETS
       targets_pre: all-sage-local

build/pkgs/configure/checksums.ini

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 tarball=configure-VERSION.tar.gz
-sha1=33da83a21d026381c616e847e8fdb14f84803776
-md5=063475b1211038fbd3bdde4f5ab6b34a
-cksum=1924665094
+sha1=94530947a520c68ddae7116631005832824b8095
+md5=f0c0956b247562b6f1295a8f1c13fe17
+cksum=1215395867

build/pkgs/configure/package-version.txt

@@ -1 +1 @@
-463e015d627b968e317050e2578157a6a1ffe2eb
+6563daf1aa9ba83260fc8e370e1999e3418c4957