SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2024 Western Digital Corporation or its affiliates.

Passthrough IO tools

This project provides the ptio library and command line utility to execute SCSI or ATA passthrough commands.

License

The pt-tools project source code is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License v2.0 or later (GPL-v2). A copy of this license with cdl-tools copyright can be found in the files LICENSES/GPL-2.0-or-later.txt and COPYING.GPL.

All source files in pt-tools contain the SPDX short identifier for the GPL-2.0-or-later license in place of the full license text.

SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

Some files such as the Makefile.am files and the .gitignore file are public domain specified by the CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication. These files are identified with the following SPDX short identifier header.

SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0

See LICENSES/CC0-1.0.txt for the full text of this license.

Requirements

The following packages must be installed prior to compiling pt-tools.

• autoconf
• autoconf-archive
• automake
• libtool

Compilation and Installation

The following commands will compile the ptio library and command line utility.

$ sh ./autogen.sh
$ ./configure
$ make

To install the compiled library and the utilities and their man pages, the use the following command.

$ sudo make install

The default installation directory is /usr/lib64 for the libptio.so library. The utilities executable files are installed by default under /usr/bin. This default location can be changed using the configure script. Executing the following command displays the options used to control the installation path.

$ ./configure --help

Building RPM Packages

The rpm and rpmbuild utilities are necessary to build pt-tools RPM packages. Once these utilities are installed, the RPM packages can be built using the following command.

$ sh ./autogen.sh
$ ./configure
$ make rpm

Seven RPM packages are built: a binary package providing the libptio library, a package providing libptio header file for development, a binary package providing the ptio command line utility and its documentation, a source RPM package, two debuginfo RPM packages and a debugsource RPM package.

The source RPM package can be used to build the binary and debug RPM packages outside of the pt-tools source tree using the following command.

$ rpmbuild --rebuild pt-tools-<version>.src.rpm

Contributing

Read the CONTRIBUTING file and send patches to:

Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>

ptio Command Line Utility

The ptio command line tool allows executing SCSI or ATA passthrough commands.

Usage

ptio provides many functions. The usage is as follows:

$ ptio --help
Usage:
  ptio --help | -h
  ptio --version
  ptio [options] <device>
Options:
  --verbose | -v   : Verbose output.
  --info           : Display device information and return.
  --revalidate     : Revalidate the device and return.
  --scsi-cdb <str> : Space separated hexadecimal string
                     defining a SCSI cdb.
  --ata-cdb <str>  : Space separated hexadecimal string
                     defining a 28-bits 0r 48-bits ATA cdb.
  --in-buf <path>  : Use the file <path> as the command input
                     buffer. The file size will be used as the
                     buffer size.
  --out-buf <path> : Save the command output buffer to the file
                     specified by <path>
  --bufsz <sz>     : Specify the size of the command buffer
                     (default: 0). This option is ignored if
                     --in-buf is used.
  --to-dev         : Specify that the command transfers data
                     from the host to the device.
  --from-dev       : Data transfer from device to host.
See "man ptio" for more information.

SCSI Command Descriptor Block

ptio can be used to execute a SCSI command by specifying the command CDB as a string of hexadecimals, with each hexadecimal value in the string representing one byte of the CDB. E.g For an INQUIRY command with a 6 B CDB, the sting has 6 hexadecimal values: "12 01 00 02 00 00". The first value (byte 0 of the CDB), specifies the INQUIRY command operation code (12h).

6-bytes, 10-bytes, 16-bytes and 32-bytes command descriptors are supported.

ATA Command Descriptor Block

For ATA commands, the hexadecimal value string specifies the field, count, lba, device and command fields of the ATA command. The ICC and AUXILIARY fields are not supported.

The length of the CDB fields changes depending on the command type.

For 28-bits ATA commands, the field, count, device and command fields are all one byte (single HEX value). The LBA field uses 4 bytes (4 HEX values). That is, for a 28-bits ATA command, the CDB string always has 8 values for the format:

"feat cnt lba[27:24] lba[23:16] lba[15:8] lba[0:7] dev cmd"

For a 48-bits ATA command, the features and count fields become 16-bits (2 bytes) and the lba field has 48 bits (6 bytes) with the format:

"feat[15:8] feat[7:0] cnt[15:8] cnt[7:0] lba[47:40] lba[39:32] lba[31:24] lba[23:16] lba[15:8] lba[0:7] dev cmd"

Examples

Execute the INQUIRY command for page 0h:

$ sudo ptio --bufsz 512 --from-dev --scsi-cdb "12 01 00 02 00 00" /dev/sda
Executing command, CDB 6 B, buffer 512 B:
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  |  OFFSET  | 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  | 00000000 | 12 01 00 02 00 00                               |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
sda: SCSI command residual: 499 B
Command result 13 Bytes:
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  |  OFFSET  | 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  | 00000000 | 00 00 00 09 00 80 83 87 89 8a b0 b1 b2          |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+

Execute the IDENTIFY ATA command:

$ sudo ptio --bufsz 512 --from-dev --ata-cdb "00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EC" /dev/sdc
Command result 512 Bytes:
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  |  OFFSET  | 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  | 00000000 | 5a 04 ff 3f 37 c8 10 00 00 00 00 00 3f 00 00 00 |
  | 00000010 | 00 00 00 00 35 36 4d 47 35 4e 4e 47 20 20 20 20 |
  | 00000020 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 03 00 00 00 38 00 56 4c |
  | 00000030 | 4d 47 46 57 30 31 44 57 20 43 57 20 48 53 32 37 |
  | 00000040 | 38 32 30 38 4c 41 36 4e 34 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 |
  | 00000050 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 02 80 |
  | 00000060 | 00 40 00 2f 00 40 00 02 00 02 07 00 ff 3f 10 00 |
  | 00000070 | 3f 00 10 fc fb 00 00 59 ff ff ff 0f 00 00 07 00 |
  | 00000080 | 03 00 78 00 78 00 78 00 78 00 08 0d 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000090 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 1f 00 0e 97 76 01 de 1c 44 04 |
  | 000000a0 | fc 1f 00 00 6b 74 69 7d 63 41 69 74 41 bc 63 41 |
  | 000000b0 | 7f 40 4e 85 00 00 fe 00 fe ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 78 97 01 00 00 00 |
  | 000000d0 | 00 00 00 00 00 50 87 5a 00 50 a2 cc c8 f7 ca ee |
  | 000000e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 dc 40 |
  | 000000f0 | dc 40 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000100 | 01 00 0b 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000110 | 00 c0 00 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000120 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 09 00 |
  | 00000130 | 4e 47 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 57 53 33 4e 30 36 |
  | 00000140 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000150 | 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000160 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000170 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000180 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000190 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3d 00 00 00 |
  | 000001a0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001b0 | 00 00 20 1c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff 17 00 00 |
  | 000001c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 78 97 |
  | 000001d0 | 01 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001f0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a5 11 |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+

Adding the --verbose option to the same command allows seeing the ATA 16 SCSI command used for execution:

$ sudo ptio --verbose --bufsz 512 --from-dev --ata-cdb "00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EC" /dev/sdc
ATA Command: IDENTIFY_DEVICE
sdc: Executing command, CDB 16 B, buffer 512 B:
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  |  OFFSET  | 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  | 00000000 | 85 08 0e 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ec 00 |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
Command result 512 Bytes:
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  |  OFFSET  | 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  | 00000000 | 5a 04 ff 3f 37 c8 10 00 00 00 00 00 3f 00 00 00 |
  | 00000010 | 00 00 00 00 35 36 4d 47 35 4e 4e 47 20 20 20 20 |
  | 00000020 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 03 00 00 00 38 00 56 4c |
  | 00000030 | 4d 47 46 57 30 31 44 57 20 43 57 20 48 53 32 37 |
  | 00000040 | 38 32 30 38 4c 41 36 4e 34 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 |
  | 00000050 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 02 80 |
  | 00000060 | 00 40 00 2f 00 40 00 02 00 02 07 00 ff 3f 10 00 |
  | 00000070 | 3f 00 10 fc fb 00 00 59 ff ff ff 0f 00 00 07 00 |
  | 00000080 | 03 00 78 00 78 00 78 00 78 00 08 0d 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000090 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 1f 00 0e 97 76 01 de 1c 44 04 |
  | 000000a0 | fc 1f 00 00 6b 74 69 7d 63 41 69 74 41 bc 63 41 |
  | 000000b0 | 7f 40 4e 85 00 00 fe 00 fe ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 78 97 01 00 00 00 |
  | 000000d0 | 00 00 00 00 00 50 87 5a 00 50 a2 cc c8 f7 ca ee |
  | 000000e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 dc 40 |
  | 000000f0 | dc 40 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000100 | 01 00 0b 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000110 | 00 c0 00 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000120 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 09 00 |
  | 00000130 | 4e 47 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 57 53 33 4e 30 36 |
  | 00000140 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000150 | 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000160 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000170 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000180 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000190 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3d 00 00 00 |
  | 000001a0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001b0 | 00 00 20 1c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff 17 00 00 |
  | 000001c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 78 97 |
  | 000001d0 | 01 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001f0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a5 11 |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+

And the same IDENTIFY command can be issued as an ATA 16 passthrough SCSI command:

$ sudo ptio --bufsz 512 --from-dev --scsi-cdb ""85 08 0e 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 EC 00 /dev/sdc
Command result 512 Bytes:
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  |  OFFSET  | 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  | 00000000 | 5a 04 ff 3f 37 c8 10 00 00 00 00 00 3f 00 00 00 |
  | 00000010 | 00 00 00 00 35 36 4d 47 35 4e 4e 47 20 20 20 20 |
  | 00000020 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 03 00 00 00 38 00 56 4c |
  | 00000030 | 4d 47 46 57 30 31 44 57 20 43 57 20 48 53 32 37 |
  | 00000040 | 38 32 30 38 4c 41 36 4e 34 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 |
  | 00000050 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 02 80 |
  | 00000060 | 00 40 00 2f 00 40 00 02 00 02 07 00 ff 3f 10 00 |
  | 00000070 | 3f 00 10 fc fb 00 00 59 ff ff ff 0f 00 00 07 00 |
  | 00000080 | 03 00 78 00 78 00 78 00 78 00 08 0d 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000090 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 1f 00 0e 97 76 01 de 1c 44 04 |
  | 000000a0 | fc 1f 00 00 6b 74 69 7d 63 41 69 74 41 bc 63 41 |
  | 000000b0 | 7f 40 4e 85 00 00 fe 00 fe ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 78 97 01 00 00 00 |
  | 000000d0 | 00 00 00 00 00 50 87 5a 00 50 a2 cc c8 f7 ca ee |
  | 000000e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 dc 40 |
  | 000000f0 | dc 40 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000100 | 01 00 0b 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000110 | 00 c0 00 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000120 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 09 00 |
  | 00000130 | 4e 47 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 57 53 33 4e 30 36 |
  | 00000140 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000150 | 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000160 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000170 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000180 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000190 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3d 00 00 00 |
  | 000001a0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001b0 | 00 00 20 1c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff 17 00 00 |
  | 000001c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 78 97 |
  | 000001d0 | 01 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001f0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a5 11 |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+

To read a log page on an ATA drive, we can issue the READ LOG DMA EXT command. For instance to read the device statistics log page, the following command is used:

$ sudo ptio --bufsz 512 --from-dev --ata-cdb "00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 05 04 00 47" /dev/sdg
Command result 512 Bytes:
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  |  OFFSET  | 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  | 00000000 | 01 00 05 00 00 00 00 00 1f 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 |
  | 00000010 | 1e 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 1d 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 |
  | 00000020 | 26 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 16 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 |
  | 00000030 | 24 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 |
  | 00000040 | 21 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 |
  | 00000050 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 3c 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 |
  | 00000060 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 |
  | 00000070 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000080 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000090 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000a0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000b0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000d0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000f0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000100 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000110 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000120 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000130 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000140 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000150 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000160 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000170 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000180 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000190 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001a0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001b0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001d0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001f0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+

The same command can also be executed as a NCQ command (READ LOG DMA EXT subcommand of RECEIVE FPDMA QUEUED command). The CDB for this command is as shown below:

$ sudo ptio --bufsz 512 --from-dev --ata-cdb "00 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 05 04 40 65" /dev/sdg
Command result 512 Bytes:
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  |  OFFSET  | 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  | 00000000 | 01 00 05 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 |
  | 00000010 | 1e 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 1d 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 |
  | 00000020 | 26 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 16 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 |
  | 00000030 | 24 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 |
  | 00000040 | 21 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 |
  | 00000050 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 3c 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 |
  | 00000060 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 |
  | 00000070 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000080 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000090 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000a0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000b0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000d0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000f0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000100 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000110 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000120 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000130 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000140 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000150 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000160 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000170 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000180 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000190 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001a0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001b0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001d0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001f0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+

And the same action can also be executed using a SCSI ATA 16 command:

$ sudo ptio --bufsz 512 --from-dev --scsi-cdb "85 19 0D 00 01 01 00 00 04 00 05 00 00 40 65 00" /dev/sdg
Command result 512 Bytes:
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  |  OFFSET  | 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+
  | 00000000 | 01 00 05 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 |
  | 00000010 | 1e 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 1d 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 |
  | 00000020 | 26 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 16 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 |
  | 00000030 | 24 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 |
  | 00000040 | 21 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 |
  | 00000050 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 3c 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 |
  | 00000060 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 |
  | 00000070 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000080 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000090 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000a0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000b0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000d0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000000f0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000100 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000110 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000120 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000130 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000140 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000150 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000160 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000170 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000180 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 00000190 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001a0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001b0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001d0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  | 000001f0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |
  +----------+-------------------------------------------------+