R128Normalization

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A audio auto normalization tool which followed EBU R128 standard.

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Features

• Auto normalization for audio files
• Following EBU R128 standard and ITU BS.1770 standard (LUFS)
• Core algorithm is fully implemented in C#
• Using FFmpeg for decoding files which are not wav format
• Support batch processing
• Allow custom standard

Usage

1. Place the ffmpeg.exe with the main program in the same directory or install the FFmpeg in the environment.
2. Run the main program.
3. Input or drag the file or the directory into the interactive window and press Enter.
4. Wait for processing.
5. The output will be in the same parent directory with a "_norm" postfix in the filename or directory name.

Commands

• Type 'loudness [value]' or 'l [value]' for query or set Target integrated loudness (LUFS).
• Type 'peak [value]' or 'p [value]' for query or set Maximum true peak (dB).
• Type 'attack [value]' or 'a [value]' for query or set Attack duration for Limiter (s).
• Type 'release [value]' or 'r [value]' for query or set Release duration for Limiter (s).
• Type 'attackCurve [value]' or 'ac [value]' for query or set Attack curve tension for Limiter (1.0 - 8.0).
• Type 'releaseCurve [value]' or 'rc [value]' for query or set Release curve tension for Limiter (1.0 - 8.0).
• Type 'check' or 'c' to check the current parameters.
• Type 'exit' or 'quit' to exit.

Workflow

1. Measure the original integrated loudness of the input audio
2. Calculate the gain value based on the target integrated loudness and the original integrated loudness
3. Apply gain to the original audio according to the calculated gain value
4. Apply a limiter to the output audio according to the maximum true peak
5. Measure the integrated loudness of the output audio
6. If the integrated loudness of the output audio is within the error range (± 0.5 LU), save the audio as a file, otherwise adjust the gain value and return to step 3

Tech 3341, Table 1 - Minimum-requirements test signals

Test case	Test signal	Expected response and accepted tolerances	Result
1	Stereo sine wave, 1000 Hz, −23.0 dBFS (per-channel peak level); signal applied in phase to both channels simultaneous; 20 s duration	M, S, I = −23.0 ±0.1 LUFS M, S, I = 0.0 ±0.1 LU	Passed
2	As #1 at −33.0 dBFS	M, S, I = −33.0 ±0.1 LUFS M, S, I = −10.0 ±0.1 LU	Passed
3	3 tones similar to #1 but with the following durations and levels: 10 s at −36.0 dBFS; 60 s at −23.0 dBFS; 10 s at −36.0 dBFS	I = −23.0 ±0.1 LUFS I = 0.0 ±0.1 LU	Passed
4	5 tones similar to #1 but with the following durations and levels: 10 s at −72.0 dBFS; 10 s at −36.0 dBFS; 60 s at −23.0 dBFS; 10 s at −36.0 dBFS; 10 s at −72.0 dBFS	I = −23.0 ±0.1 LUFS I = 0.0 ±0.1 LU	Passed
5	3 tones similar to #1 but with the following durations and levels: 20 s at −26.0 dBFS; 20.1 s at −20.0 dBFS; 20 s at −26.0 dBFS	I = −23.0 ±0.1 LUFS I = 0.0 ±0.1 LU	Passed
6	5.0 channel sine wave, 1000 Hz, 20 s duration, with per-channel peak levels as follows:  −28.0 dBFS in L and R  −24.0 dBFS in C  −30.0 dBFS in Ls and Rs	I = −23.0 ±0.1 LUFS I = 0.0 ±0.1 LU	Passed
7	Authentic programme 1, stereo, narrow loudness range (NLR) programme segment; similar in genre to a commercial/promo	I = −23.0 ±0.1 LUFS I = 0.0 ±0.1 LU	Passed
8	Authentic programme 2, stereo, wide loudness range (WLR) programme segment; similar in genre to a movie/drama	I = −23.0 ±0.1 LUFS I = 0.0 ±0.1 LU	Test audio not found
9	2 tones similar to #1 but with the following durations and levels: (1.34 s at −20.0 dBFS; 1.66 s at −30.0 dBFS) repeated 5 times	S = −23.0 ±0.1 LUFS, constant after 3 s	Passed
10	For file-based meters. 20 segments with tones similar to #1 but with the following durations and levels: (i * 0.15 s of silence; 3 s at −23.0 dBFS; 1 s of silence) for i = 0, 1, 2, …, 19	Max S = −23.0 ±0.1 LUFS, for each segment	Falied
11	For ‘live’ meters. 20 tones similar to #1 but with the following durations and levels: (i * 0.15 s of silence; 3 s at −38.0+i dBFS; 3 – i * 0.15 s of silence) for i = 0, 1, 2, …, 19	Max S = −38.0, −37.0, −36.0, …, −19.0 ±0.1 LUFS, successive values	Falied
12	2 tones similar to #1 but with the following durations and levels: (0.18 s at −20.0 dBFS; 0.22 s at −30.0 dBFS) repeated 25 times	M = −23.0 ±0.1 LUFS, constant after 1 s	Passed
13	For file-based meters. 20 segments with tones similar to #1 but with the following durations and levels: (i * 20 ms of silence; 400 ms at −23.0 dBFS; 1 s of silence) for i = 0, 1, 2, …, 19	Max M = −23.0 ±0.1 LUFS, for each segment	Failed
14	For ‘live’ meters. 20 tones similar to #1 but with the following durations and levels: (i * 20 ms of silence; 400 ms at −38.0+i dBFS; 400 – i * 20 ms of silence) for i = 0, 1, 2, …, 19	Max M = −38.0, −37.0, −36.0, …, −19.0 ±0.1 LUFS, successive values	Failed
15	Stereo sine wave with frequency fs/4 Hz, amplitude 0.50 FFS2, phase 0.0 degrees. The frequency fs/4 denotes 12 kHz for a sample-rate of 48 kHz, etc. The duration of the synthesized tone does not matter, but the tone should be tapered with a 10 ms fade-in and fade–out.	Max. true-peak level = −6.0 +0.2/−0.4 dBTP	Passed
16	Stereo sine wave with frequency fs/4 Hz, amplitude 0.50 FFS, phase 45.0 degrees	Max. true-peak level = −6.0 +0.2/−0.4 dBTP	Passed
17	Stereo sine wave with frequency fs/6 Hz, amplitude 0.50 FFS, phase 60.0 degrees	Max. true-peak level = −6.0 +0.2/−0.4 dBTP	Passed
18	Stereo sine wave with frequency fs/8 Hz, amplitude 0.50 FFS, phase 67.5 degrees	Max. true-peak level = −6.0 +0.2/−0.4 dBTP	Passed
19	Stereo sine wave with frequency fs/4 Hz, amplitude 1.41 FFS, phase 45.0 degrees	Max. true-peak level = +3.0 +0.2/−0.4 dBTP	Passed
20	Stereo sine wave with frequency fs/6 Hz, amplitude 0.50 FFS, containing a single period of a sine wave with frequency fs/4, amplitude 1.00; the signal being continuous in phase at both sides of the single period. The signal is synthesized at 4*fs (e.g. 192 kHz), and then lowpass (anti-aliasing) filtered and downsampled to fs with a 0 samples offset. The total duration of the synthesized tone does not matter, but the tone should be tapered with a short fade-in and fade–out.	Max. true-peak level = 0.0 +0.2/−0.4 dBTP	Passed
21	As #20, but downsampled with a 1 samples offset (at the 4*fs rate).	Max. true-peak level = 0.0 +0.2/−0.4 dBTP	Passed
22	As #20, but downsampled with a 2 samples offset (at the 4*fs rate).	Max. true-peak level = 0.0 +0.2/−0.4 dBTP	Passed
23	As #20, but downsampled with a 3 samples offset (at the 4*fs rate).	Max. true-peak level = 0.0 +0.2/−0.4 dBTP	Passed

References

1. ITU-R BS.1770-4, Algorithms to measure audio programme loudness and true-peak audio level (https://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-BS.1770-4-201510-I)
2. EBU R 128, Loudness normalisation and permitted maximum level of audio signals (https://tech.ebu.ch/publications/e128)
3. EBU TECH 3341, Loudness Metering: ‘EBU Mode’ metering to supplement loudness normalisation in accordance with EBU R 128 (https://tech.ebu.ch/publications/tech3341)
4. EBU Tech 3342, Loudness Range: A measure to supplement loudness normalisation in accordance with EBU R 128 (https://tech.ebu.ch/publications/tech3342)
5. EBU Tech 3343, Guidelines for Production of Programmes in accordance with EBU R 128 (https://tech.ebu.ch/publications/tech3343)
6. EBU Tech 3344, Guidelines for Distribution and Reproduction of Programmes in accordance with EBU R 128 (https://tech.ebu.ch/publications/tech3344)
7. Minimum-requirements test signals for ‘EBU Mode’ loudness meters (https://tech.ebu.ch/publications/ebu_loudness_test_set)

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R128标准化

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遵循EBU R128标准的音频自动标准化工具。

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特性

• 自动标准化音频文件
• 遵循EBU R128标准和ITU BS.1770标准（LUFS）
• 核心算法在C＃中完全实现
• 使用FFmpeg解码非wav格式的文件
• 支持批量处理
• 允许自定义标准

用法

1. 将ffmpeg.exe与主程序放在同一目录中，或在环境中安装FFmpeg。
2. 运行主程序。
3. 将文件或目录输入或拖动到交互式窗口中，然后按Enter。
4. 等待处理。
5. 输出将在相同的父目录中，文件名或目录名称中带有“ _norm”后缀。

命令

• 输入 'loudness [值]' 或 'l [值]' 来查询或设置 目标综合响度 (LUFS)。
• 输入 'peak [值]' 或 'p [值]' 来查询或设置 最大真实峰值 (dB)。
• 输入 'attack [值]' 或 'a [值]' 来查询或设置 限制器的攻击持续时间 (s)。
• 输入 'release [值]' 或 'r [值]' 来查询或设置 限制器的释放持续时间 (s)。
• 输入 'attackCurve [值]' 或 'ac [值]' 来查询或设置 限制器的攻击曲线张力 (1.0 - 8.0)。
• 输入 'releaseCurve [值]' 或 'rc [值]' 来查询或设置 限制器的释放曲线张力 (1.0 - 8.0)。
• 输入 'check' 或 'c' 来检查当前参数。
• 输入 'exit' 或 'quit' 来退出。

工作流程

1. 测量输入音频的原始综合响度
2. 根据目标综合响度和原始综合响度计算增益值
3. 根据计算出的增益值将增益应用于原始音频
4. 根据最大真实峰值对输出音频应用限制器
5. 测量输出音频的综合响度
6. 如果输出音频的综合响度在误差范围内（±0.5 LU），则将音频另存为文件，否则调整增益值并返回步骤3

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