dotfiles

vim

instructions

motion:

------------newbies-------------

• ← → ↑ ↓

----------intermediate----------

• b/B: go to the start of the previous word/Word
• w/W: go to the start of the following word/Word
• 0/g0: go to the first column of the line/current window
• $/g$: go to the end of the line/current window
• ^ : go to the first non-blank char of line
• gg/G: jump to the begin/end of the file
• <Number>G/<Number>gg : jump to nth line

------------advanced------------

• h/j/k/l: ←/↓/↑/→
• e/E: go to the end of this word/Word
• gE : go to the end of the previous word
• % : go to the corresponding (, {, [
• */#: go to next/previous occurrence of the word under cursor
• f<letter> : find(go to next occurrence of the) letter
• t<letter> : find till(go to just before the occurrence of the) letter
• F<letter> : go to previous occurrence of the letter
• T<letter> : go to just before the occurrence of the letter before
• ; : repeat the last f/t/F/T motion forward
• , : repeat the last f/t/F/T motion backward
• H : jump to High position(place the cursor on the top of screen)
• M : jump to Middle position(place the cursor at the middle of screen)
• L : jump to Low position(place the cursor at the bottom of screen)
• '' : jump back(to the cursor position before jumping)
• combine <num><motion>: Repeat motion num of times.

-------------nerds--------------

• '<mark>: jump to mark(See below)
• g_ : go to the last non-blank char of line

change:

normal mode options

------------newbies-------------

• i: insert mode under cursor
• <ECS>/Ctrl+[: back to normal mode
• *yy/Y: yank(copy) a line with/without last \r
• *dd/D: delete(cut) a line with/without last \r
• *cc/C: change(cut and enter insert mode) a line
• p/P: paste yanked or cut things under/before cursor

----------intermediate----------

• x/X: cut the char under/after cursor
• s/S: cut the char under/after cursor and enter insert mode
• r : replace the char under cursor
• R : enter replace mode
• a : append(insert) after cursor
• I/A: insert/append(**insert before/after) the line
• o/O : open a new line below/above and enter insert mode
• *<< : add a indent to current line
• *>> : remove a indent from current line
• v: enter visual(select) mode to select part of code, then use y to yank(copy) the selected code

------------advanced------------

• J : join lines together
• *gUU: make the line uppercase
• *guu: make the line lowercase
• Dark Magic:
  • combine <num><change>: Repeat change num of times.
  • combine <change><adjective><position>: For reduplicated change marked with *(i.g. y, >, gU, etc.), apply change from cursor to position.
    • <adjective>(optional): i: in, a: all, <num>: repeat
    • <position>: motion or <num><motion> or {, [, (, ), ], }
  • examples:
    • y$ : yank from the cursor to the end of line
    • diw: delete in word(the word touched by cursor)
    • ca): change(delete and enter insert mode) things within ( and )(included)
    • 2d3w: delete 3 word twice

command:

press <enter> after typing

------------newbies-------------

• :w: write(save) the file
• :q: quit
• :x: save and quit(=:wq)

----------intermediate----------

• :w <fileName>: write(save) the file to fileName
• ZZ : save and quit
• ZQ : quit without saving

------------advanced------------

• . : repeat the last modification to the file
• /<pattern> : search pattern
• // : repeat last /<pattern>
• :Ctrl+n/:Ctrl+p: to select next/previous command
• /Ctrl+n//Ctrl+p: to select next/previous search
• :%s/<pattern A>/<pattern B>/g : substitude all the pattern A in file by pattern B

-------------nerds--------------

• :!<command> : execute command in shell
• :!! : repeat last !<command>
• /<pattern>/<offset> : search pattern and place cursor on offset
• :&<flag> : repeat last s/<pattern A>/<pattern B>/ with flag
• :~<flag> : use last /<pattern> as pattern A and last :s pattern B with flag
• :g/<pattern>/<command>/ : execute command at lines that match pattern
• :sh : go to shell. come back by $exit
• notes:
  • <offset>:
    • +-n: move n lines
    • b+-n: n char from begin of word
    • e+-n: n char from end of word
  • <flag>:
    • g : apply to all matches
    • & : use previous flag
    • c : comfirm needed
    • i : ignore case
    • I : don't ignore case
  • replace string(<pattern B>):
    • & : <pattern A>
    • ~ : previos <pattern B>
    • \<num> : pattern within ()

------------backups-------------

• :saveas <path/to/file> : save to <path/to/file>
• <start position><command><end position>

Insert:

insert mode options

----------intermediate----------

• Ctrl+n/Ctrl+p : select next/previous option in autocomplete or trigger default autocomplete behavior

------------advanced------------

• Ctrl+x Ctrl+f : autocomplete for file path
• Ctrl+x Ctrl+] : autocomplete for tags(REQUIRE A TAG FILE)
• Ctrl+x Ctrl+i : autocomplete from this and included files
• Ctrl+t : add a indent to current line
• Ctrl+d : remove a indent of current line
• Ctrl+w : delete word before cursor
• Ctrl+u : delete line before cursor

-------------nerds--------------

• Ctrl+g j : equivalent to <ESC>ji
• Ctrl+g k : equivalent to <ESC>ki
• Ctrl+o <command(**normal mode**)>: equivalent to <ESC><command>i
• Ctrl-r <register>: insert from <register>
• Ctrl-a: insert last text(equivalent to ^r.)
• Ctrl-@: insert last text and leave insert mode(equivalent to ^a<esc>)

Others:

Advanced or above

scroll

• zz/z.: scroll the screen so that the cursor is in the middle of the screen
• Ctrl+d : scroll half the screen down
• Ctrl+u : scroll half the screen up
• zt/zb: scroll the screen so that the cursor is in the top/bottom of the screen

mark

• '" : jump to the cursor position last exiting
• m<letter>: mark the line with letter

jump

• Ctrl+o: undo jumppings
• Ctrl+i: redo jumppings
• Ctrl+]: jump to definition(REQUIRE A TAG FILE)
• Ctrl+t: reverse previous jump-to-definition behavior(REQUIRE A TAG FILE)

register

• macro
  • qa<commands>q : record actions in the register a
  • @a : replay the saved actions once (same as @@)
  • <number>@@ : replay the saved actions N times
• @: : replay last command
• @/ : replay last search
• default
  • "0: last yank
  • "<1~9>: delete history
  • "%:fileName "/: lastest search, ":: latest command, ".: latest insert
  • "*: system clipboard
• others:
  • "ayy(yank(copy) the current line and store it to register a)
  • "ap(paste register a)

window

• :new/:vnew: new empty window
• :sp <fileName>/:vsp <fileName>: new window for fileName
• Ctrl-w w : switch to the other buffer
• Ctrl-w k : move the current window to top
• Ctrl-w h : move the current window to left
• Ctrl-w j : move the current window to bottom
• Ctrl-w l : move the current window to right
• Ctrl-w | : maximize window in splitted vertically
• Ctrl-w _ : maximize window in splitted horizontally
• Ctrl-w = : distribute space equally for opened windows

fold:

• zf: create a fold
• zo: fold open
• zc: fold close
• zd: fold delete
• zR: open all
• zM: close all

Visual block: Edit multiple lines at the same time

• step1: press Ctrl+v
• step2: select multiple lines as if in visual mode
• step3: edit ONLY the first line
• step4: press <ecs>
• step5: be amazed

ref

• vim :help motion, insert, scroll, change, fold, reg, mark, ctrl-v, windows, i_ctrl-n, etc.
• vim tips
• Learn Vim Progressively

vimdiff

• launch
  • bash
  • vimdiff [file_left] [file_right]
  • vim -d [file_left] [file_right]
  • vim visual mode
  • :vertical diffsplit [file_left]
  • compare existing windows
  • :windo diffthis
• cursor
  • ]c : move to the next difference block
  • [c : move to the last difference block
• merge
  • do : (diff get) get difference from compared file
  • dp : (diff put) put difference to compared file
• misc.
  • vim visual mode
  • :diffupdate : update difference between files
  • :set diffopt=context:<number> : change the number of lines of context in each difference block
• ref
  • using vimdiff

Issue

• vim is not remembering last position

git

• CONFIG
  • Git - git-config Documentation
• push
  • git push -u <remote name> <branch name> : upload and track remote branch
• semantic commits
  • chore : Changes to the build process or auxiliary tools and libraries such as documentation generation
  • docs : Documentation only changes
  • feat : A new feature (CHANGE LOG)
  • fix : A bug fix (CHANGE LOG)
  • refactor : A code change that neither fixes a bug or adds a feature
  • style : Changes that do not affect the meaning of the code (white-space, formatting, missing semi-colons, etc)
  • test : Adding missing testing
• ref
  • semantic git commit message