C Thread, emulated C11 and thread pool

Using Pthreads, or Pthreads4w.

The Windows build in deps folder, this fork has ABI differences, see original README.md. And this build and all general memory allocations based on standard malloc/stdlib.h replaced with forked rpmalloc that has no dependency on thread_local.

This branch has some changes to be able to be compiled using Tiny C compiler.

CThread is a minimal, portable implementation of basic threading classes for C. They closely mimic the functionality and naming of the C11 standard, and should be easily replaceable with the corresponding standard variants. This package also integrates C89 compatible atomics for C11 Atomic support.

All malloc operations are lockless, and also implements emulated Thread-local storage via macro thread_storage(type, variable) as:

example.h

#include "cthread.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
thread_storage_create(int, gLocalVar);

example.c

#include "example.h"
#define THREAD_COUNT 5

thread_storage(int, gLocalVar)

static int thread_local_storage(void *aArg) {
    int thread = *(int *)aArg;
    free(aArg);

    int data = thread + rand();
    *gLocalVar() = data;
    printf("thread #%d, gLocalVar is: %d\n", thread, *gLocalVar());
    assert(*gLocalVar() == data);
    return 0;
}

void emulated_tls(void) {
    thrd_t t[THREAD_COUNT];
    *gLocalVar() = 1;

    for (int i = 0; i < THREAD_COUNT; i++) {
        int *n = malloc(sizeof * n);
        *n = i;
        thrd_create(t + i, thread_local_storage, n);
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < THREAD_COUNT; i++) {
        thrd_join(t[i], NULL);
    }

    assert(*gLocalVar() == 1);
}

int main(void) {
    emulated_tls();
    return 0;
}

This package implements thrd_local(type, variable) macro, same behavior as above, but will not emulate if feature is available in your compiler, should be used for cross compatibility calling.

Thread pool implementation

• Starts all threads on creation of the thread pool.
• Stops and joins all worker threads on destroy.

Synopsis

/**
 * Creates a thrd_pool_t object.
 * @param thread_count Number of worker threads.
 * @param queue_size   Size of the queue.
 * @return a newly created thread pool or NULL
 */
thrd_pool_t *thrd_pool(int thread_count, int queue_size);

/**
 * Add a new task in the queue of a thread pool
 * @param pool     Thread pool to which add the task.
 * @param function Pointer to the function that will perform the task.
 * @param argument Argument to be passed to the function.
 * @return 0 if all goes well, negative values in case of error (@see
 * pool_error_t for codes).
 */
int thrd_add(thrd_pool_t *pool, void (*routine)(void *), void *arg);

/**
 * Stops and destroys a thread pool.
 * @param pool  Thread pool to destroy.
 * @param flags Flags for shutdown
 *
 * Known values for flags are 0 (default) and `pool_graceful` in
 * which case the thread pool doesn't accept any new tasks but
 * processes all pending tasks before shutdown.
 */
int thrd_destroy(thrd_pool_t *pool, int flags);

/**
 * Wait until all the tasks are finished in the thread pool.
 * @param pool Thread pool.
 */
void thrd_wait(thrd_pool_t *pool);

#define THREAD 32
#define QUEUE  256

#include "cthread.h"
#include <stdio.h>

int tasks = 0, done = 0;
mtx_t lock;

void dummy_task(void *arg) {
    usleep(10000);
    mtx_lock(&lock);
    done++;
    mtx_unlock(&lock);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    thrd_pool_t *pool;

    mtx_init(&lock, mtx_plain);
    if ((pool = thrd_pool(THREAD, QUEUE)) != NULL)
        fprintf(stderr, "Pool started with %d threads and "
            "queue size of %d\n", THREAD, QUEUE);

    while (thrd_add(pool, &dummy_task, NULL) == 0) {
        mtx_lock(&lock);
        tasks++;
        mtx_unlock(&lock);
    }

    fprintf(stderr, "Added %d tasks\n", tasks);
    while ((tasks / 2) > done) {
        usleep(5);
    }

    thrd_wait(pool);
    if (thrd_destroy(pool, 0) == 0)
        fprintf(stderr, "Did %d tasks\n", done);

    mtx_destroy(&lock);
    return 0;
}