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## Cloud Native Database Systems | ||
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- **[Amazon Aurora: Design Considerations for High Throughput Cloud-Native Relational Databases][aurora]** | ||
- **[Taurus Database: How to be Fast, Available, and Frugal in the Cloud][taurus]** | ||
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[aurora]: aurora.md | ||
[taurus]: taurus.md |
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### [Taurus Database: How to be Fast, Available, and Frugal in the Cloud]() | ||
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> SIGMOD 2020 | ||
> | ||
> https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3318464.3386129 | ||
本文介绍了一种名为 Taurus 的新型多云租户数据库系统的设计。Taurus 通过类似 Amazon Aurora 和 Microsoft Socrates 的方式分离计算和存储层,并提供类似的优势,如读副本支持、低网络利用率、硬件共享和可扩展性。然而,Taurus 架构具有几个独特的优势: | ||
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- 改进的可用性和可扩展性:与传统的本地部署相比,使用云数据库服务(DBaaS)越来越普遍,其主要优势包括提高可用性和可扩展性,并且成本更低。 | ||
- 异步步骤对延迟的影响:在 Taurus 的设计中,所有步骤都是异步的,只有前两个步骤位于前台路径中,可能会对延迟产生影响。 | ||
- 独特的复制和恢复算法:Taurus 提供了新颖的复制和恢复算法,使用相同数量或更少的副本,提供更好的可用性。 | ||
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#### 架构 | ||
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Taurus 包含 4 个主要组件: | ||
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- 数据库前端: 基于 MySQL 的修改版,包含 Master 实例(提供读写服务)和若干个 RO 实例(提供只读服务)。Master 实例生成 redo log,这些日志描述了事务对数据页的修改。Master 将 redo log 发送给 LogStore 和 PageStore,并周期性地通知 RO 实例最新的 LSN,以便 RO 实例可以读取到最新的 log | ||
- SAL(Storage Abstraction Layer): 嵌入到计算层的库,隔离了远程存储、数据分片、故障恢复、主从复制等存储层的复杂性。主要负责计算引擎与存储层的 LogStore/PageStore 的交互,管理 PageStore 的 Slices,以及页面在 Slices 上的映射关系 | ||
- Log Store: 负责持久化日志(写入 PLog),事务的所有日志一旦持久化,计算层即可通知客户端事务提交完成。同时,为 RO 实例提供日志内容,RO 实例通过回放 redo log 来更新其缓冲区中的页面 | ||
- Page Store: 负责存储数据库的数据页,主节点更新 Page 的时候,通过 LSN 来表示这个 Page 的版本。PageID+LSN 可以唯一标识一个 page version,Page Store 根据 Master 或 RO 的读请求可以构造任意版本的 page version | ||
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Page Store 提供了几个主要的 API 供 SAL 调用: | ||
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``` | ||
(1) WriteLogs is used to ship a buffer with log records | ||
(2) ReadPage is used to read a specific version of a page | ||
(3) SetRecycleLSN is used to specify the oldest LSN of pages belonging to the same database that the front end might request (recycle LSN) | ||
(4) GetPersistentLSN returns the highest LSN that the Page Store can serve | ||
``` | ||
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### Further readings | ||
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[Taurus MM: bringing multi-master to the cloud](https://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol16/p3488-depoutovitch.pdf) |