Merge branch 'develop'

.spi.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+version: 1
+builder:
+  configs:
+    - documentation_targets: [ ManagedModels ]
+

README.md

@@ -121,12 +121,6 @@ ManagedModels has no other dependencies.
   [`NSManagedObject`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/coredata/nsmanagedobject)
   (superclasses can't be added by macros), 
   e.g. `@Model class Person: NSManagedObject`.
-- ToMany relationships must be a `Set<Target>`, a plain `[ Target ]` cannot be
-  used (yet?). E.g. `var contacts : Set<Contact>`.
-- Properties cannot be initialized in the declaration,
-  e.g. this doesn't work: `var uuid = UUID()`. 
-  Must be done in an initializers (requirement by `@NSManaged`).
-- CoreData doesn't seem to support optional Swift base types like `Int?`.
 - Uses the CoreData `@FetchRequest` property wrapper instead `@Query`.
 - Doesn't use the new 
   [Observation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/observation) 
@@ -137,13 +131,10 @@ ManagedModels has no other dependencies.
 
 #### TODO
 
-- [x] Archiving/Unarchiving, required for migration.
 - [ ] Figure out whether we can do ordered attributes: [Issue #1](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/1).
-- [x] Figure out whether we can add support for array toMany properties: [Issue #2](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/2)
 - [ ] Support for "autosave": [Issue #3](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/3)
 - [ ] Support transformable types, not sure they work right yet: [Issue #4](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/4)
 - [ ] Generate property initializers if the user didn't specify any inits: [Issue #5](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/5)
-- [x] Generate `fetchRequest()` class function.
 - [ ] Support SchemaMigrationPlan/MigrationStage: [Issue #6](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/6)
 - [ ] Write more tests.
 - [ ] Write DocC docs: [Issue #7](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/7), [Issue #8](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/8)
@@ -154,6 +145,9 @@ ManagedModels has no other dependencies.
   - [ ] SwiftUI `@Query` property wrapper/macro?: [Issue 12](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/12)
 - [ ] Figure out all the cloud sync options SwiftData has and whether CoreData
       can do them: [Issue 13](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/13)
+- [x] Archiving/Unarchiving, required for migration.
+- [x] Figure out whether we can add support for array toMany properties: [Issue #2](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/2)
+- [x] Generate `fetchRequest()` class function.
 - [x] Figure out whether we can allow initialized properties 
       (`var title = "No Title"`): [Issue 14](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/14)
 

Sources/ManagedModels/Documentation.docc/DifferencesToSwiftData.md

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+# Differences to SwiftData
+
+ManagedObjects tries to provide an API that is very close to SwiftData,
+but it is not exactly the same API.
+
+## Differences
+
+The key difference when converting SwiftData projects:
+- Import `ManagedModels` instead of `SwiftData`.
+- Let the models inherit from the CoreData
+  [`NSManagedObject`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/coredata/nsmanagedobject).
+- Use the CoreData
+  [`@FetchRequest`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/fetchrequest)
+  instead of SwiftData's
+  [`@Query`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftdata/query).
+
+
+### Explicit Superclass
+
+ManagedModels classes must explicitly inherit from the CoreData
+[`NSManagedObject`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/coredata/nsmanagedobject).
+Instead of just this in SwiftData:
+```swift
+@Model class Contact {}
+```
+the superclass has to be specified w/ ManagedModels:
+```swift
+@Model class Contact: NSManagedObject {}
+```
+
+> That is due to a limitation of
+> [Swift Macros](https://docs.swift.org/swift-book/documentation/the-swift-programming-language/macros/).
+> A macro can add protocol conformances, but it cannot add a superclass to a 
+> type.
+
+
+### CoreData @FetchRequest instead of SwiftData @Query
+
+Instead of using the new SwiftUI
+[`@Query`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftdata/query)
+wrapper, the already available
+[`@FetchRequest`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/fetchrequest)
+property wrapper is used.
+
+SwiftData:
+```swift
+@Query var contacts : [ Contact ]
+```
+ManagedModels:
+```swift
+@FetchRequest var contacts: FetchedResults<Contact>
+```
+
+### Properties
+
+The properties work quite similar.
+
+Like SwiftData, ManagedModels provides implementations of the
+[`@Attribute`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftdata/attribute(_:originalname:hashmodifier:)),
+`@Relationship` and
+[`@Transient`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftdata/transient())
+macros.
+
+#### Compound Properties
+               
+More complex Swift types are always stored as JSON by ManagedModels, e.g.
+```swift
+@Model class Person: NSManagedObject {
+
+  struct Address: Codable {
+    var street : String?
+    var city   : String?
+  }
+
+  var privateAddress  : Address
+  var businessAddress : Address
+}
+```
+
+SwiftData decomposes those structures in the database.
+
+
+#### RawRepresentable Properties
+
+Those end up working the same like in SwiftData, but are implemented 
+differently.
+If a type is RawRepresentable by a CoreData base type (like `Int` or `String`),
+they get mapped to the same base type in the model.
+
+Example:
+```swift
+enum Color: String {
+  case red, green, blue
+}
+
+enum Priority: Int {
+  case high = 5, medium = 3, low = 1
+}
+```
+
+
+### Initializers
+
+A CoreData object has to be initialized through some
+[very specific initializer](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/coredata/nsmanagedobject/1506357-init),
+while a SwiftData model class _must have_ an explicit `init`,
+but is otherwise pretty regular.
+
+The ManagedModels `@Model` macro generates a set of helper inits to deal with
+that.
+But the general recommendation is to use a `convenience init` like so:
+```swift
+convenience init(title: String, age: Int = 50) {
+    self.init()
+    title = title
+    age = age
+}
+```
+If the own init prefilles _all_ properties (i.e. can be called w/o arguments),
+the default `init` helper is not generated anymore, another one has to be used:
+```swift
+convenience init(title: String = "", age: Int = 50) {
+    self.init(context: nil)
+    title = title
+    age = age
+}
+```
+The same `init(context:)` can be used to insert into a specific context.
+Often necessary when setting up relationships (to make sure that they
+live in the same
+[`NSManagedObjectContext`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/coredata/nsmanagedobjectcontext)).
+
+
+### Migration
+
+Regular CoreData migration mechanisms have to be used.
+SwiftData specific migration APIs might be 
+[added later](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues/6).
+
+
+## Implementation Differences
+
+SwiftData completely wraps CoreData and doesn't expose the CoreData APIs.
+
+SwiftData relies on the
+[Observation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/observation) 
+framework (which requires iOS 17+).
+ManagedModels uses CoreData, which makes models conform to
+[ObservableObject](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/combine/observableobject)
+to integrate w/ SwiftUI.

Sources/ManagedModels/Documentation.docc/Documentation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# ``ManagedModels``
+
+SwiftData like declarative schemas for CoreData.
+
+@Metadata {
+  @DisplayName("ManagedModels for CoreData")
+}
+
+## Overview
+
+[ManagedModels](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/) is a package
+that provides a
+[Swift 5.9](https://www.swift.org/blog/swift-5.9-released/) 
+macro similar to the SwiftData
+[@Model](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/SwiftData/Model()).
+It can generate CoreData
+[ManagedObjectModel](https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/DataManagement/Devpedia-CoreData/managedObjectModel.html)'s
+declaratively from Swift classes, 
+w/o having to use the Xcode "CoreData Modeler".
+
+Unlike SwiftData it doesn't require iOS 17+ and works directly w/
+[CoreData](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/coredata).
+It is **not** a direct API replacement, but a look-a-like.
+Example model class:
+```swift
+@Model
+class ToDo: NSManagedObject {
+    var title: String
+    var isDone: Bool
+    var attachments: [ Attachment ]
+}
+```
+Setting up a store in SwiftUI:
+```swift
+ContentView()
+    .modelContainer(for: ToDo.self)
+```
+Performing a query:
+```swift
+struct ToDoListView: View {
+    @FetchRequest(sort: \.isDone)
+    private var toDos: FetchedResults<ToDo>
+
+    var body: some View {
+        ForEach(toDos) { todo in
+            Text("\(todo.title)")
+                .foregroundColor(todo.isDone ? .green : .red)
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+- Swift package: [https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels.git](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/)
+- Example ToDo list app: [https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedToDosApp.git](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedToDosApp/)
+
+
+
+## Topics
+
+### Getting Started
+
+- <doc:GettingStarted>
+- <doc:DifferencesToSwiftData>
+
+### Support
+
+- <doc:FAQ>
+- <doc:Links>
+- <doc:Who>

Sources/ManagedModels/Documentation.docc/FAQ.md

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+# Frequently Asked Questions
+
+A collection of questions and possible answers.
+
+## Overview
+
+Any question we should add: [info@zeezide.de](mailto:info@zeezide.de),
+file a GitHub [Issue](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues).
+or submit a GitHub PR w/ the answer. Thank you!
+
+## General
+
+### Is the API the same like in SwiftData?
+
+The API is very similar, but there are some significant differences:
+<doc:DifferencesToSwiftData>.
+
+### Is ManagedObjects a replacement for SwiftData?
+
+It is not exactly the same but can be used as one, yes.
+ManagedObjects allows deployment on earlier versions than iOS 17 or macOS 14
+while still providing many of the SwiftData benefits.
+
+It might be a sensible migration path towards using SwiftData directly in the
+future.
+
+### Which deployment versions does ManagedObjects support?
+
+While it might be possible to backport further, ManagedObjects currently
+supports:
+- iOS 13+
+- macOS 11+
+- tvOS 13+
+- watchOS 6+
+
+### Does this require SwiftUI or can I use it in UIKit as well?
+
+ManagedObjects works with both, SwiftUI and UIKit.
+
+In a UIKit environment the ``ModelContainer`` (aka ``NSPersistentContainer``) 
+needs to be setup manually, e.g. in the `ApplicationDelegate`.
+
+Example:
+```swift
+import ManagedModels
+
+let schema = Schema([ Item.self ])
+let container = try ModelContainer(for: schema, configurations: [])
+```
+
+### Are the `ModelContainer`, `Schema` classes subclasses of CoreData classes?
+
+No, most of the SwiftData-like types provided by ManagedObjects are just 
+"typealiases" to the corresponding CoreData types, e.g.:
+- ``ModelContainer`` == ``NSPersistentContainer``
+- ``ModelContext`` == ``NSManagedObjectContext``
+- ``Schema`` == ``NSManagedObjectModel``
+- `Schema/Entity` == ``NSEntityDescription``
+
+And so on. The CoreData type names can be used instead, but make a future
+migration to SwiftData harder.
+
+### Is it possible to use ManagedModels in SwiftUI Previews?
+
+Yes! Attach an in-memory store to the preview-View, like so:
+```swift
+#Preview {
+    ContentView()
+        .modelContainer(for: Item.self, inMemory: true)
+}
+```
+
+### Something isn't working right, how do I file a Radar?
+
+Please file a GitHub
+ [Issue](https://github.com/Data-swift/ManagedModels/issues).
+Thank you very much.